RESUMO
Candida tropicalis is a non-albicans Candida specie that causes candidosis in several countries, including Brazil. However, little is known about the mechanisms of drug resistance in C. tropicalis infections. In this study, we used clinical isolates of C. tropicalis susceptible as well as resistant to either Fluconazole or Itraconazole to assess the relationship between drug resistance and the expression of ERG and efflux pump genes. Our results showed that the main mechanism of resistance against both Fluconazole and Itraconazole in this specie is through the up-regulation of ERG rather than that of the efflux pump genes. We demonstrated that, although pre-treatment with azole drugs increases the expression of both ERG6 and ERG11 genes, the resistant or susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) samples are able to maintain high expression levels of these genes for longer periods of time than the susceptible samples.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos , Candida tropicalis/genética , Farmacorresistência Fúngica/genética , Fluconazol , Genes Fúngicos , Itraconazol , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Brasil , Candida tropicalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Fluconazol/farmacologia , Regulação Fúngica da Expressão Gênica , Itraconazol/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Incidence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. from two teaching public hospitals are described. METHODS: The minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B were determined using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute broth microdilution and genomic differentiation using PCR. RESULTS: Of 221 Candida isolates, 50.2% were obtained from intensive care unit patients; 71.5% were recovered from urine and 9.1% from bloodstream samples. Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto was the most common candidemia agent. CONCLUSIONS: We observed variations in Candida species distribution in hospitals in the same geographic region and documented the emergence of non-C. albicans species resistant to azoles.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Candidíase/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anfotericina B/farmacologia , Brasil , Candida/classificação , Candida/genética , Pré-Escolar , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Feminino , Fluconazol/farmacologia , Hospitais Públicos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Itraconazol/farmacologia , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Voriconazol/farmacologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Abstract INTRODUCTION Incidence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. from two teaching public hospitals are described. METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B were determined using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute broth microdilution and genomic differentiation using PCR. RESULTS Of 221 Candida isolates, 50.2% were obtained from intensive care unit patients; 71.5% were recovered from urine and 9.1% from bloodstream samples. Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto was the most common candidemia agent. CONCLUSIONS We observed variations in Candida species distribution in hospitals in the same geographic region and documented the emergence of non-C. albicans species resistant to azoles.