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1.
BMC Pulm Med ; 22(1): 131, 2022 Apr 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35392868

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are often associated with airway fluid acidification. Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene leads to impaired bicarbonate secretion contributing to CF airway pathology. Chronic cigarette smoke (CS) -the major cause of COPD- is reported to induce acquired CFTR dysfunction underlying airway acidification and inflammation. We hypothesize that bicarbonate-containing aerosols could be beneficial for patients with CFTR dysfunctions. Thus, we investigated the safety of hypertonic sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) inhalation in CS-exposed guinea pigs. METHODS: Animals were divided into groups inhaling hypertonic NaCl (8.4%) or hypertonic NaHCO3 (8.4%) aerosol for 8 weeks. Subgroups from each treatment groups were further exposed to CS. Respiratory functions were measured at 0 and after 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. After 8 weeks blood tests and pulmonary histopathological assessment were performed. RESULTS: Neither smoking nor NaHCO3-inhalation affected body weight, arterial and urine pH, or histopathology significantly. NaHCO3-inhalation did not worsen respiratory parameters. Moreover, it normalized the CS-induced transient alterations in frequency, peak inspiratory flow, inspiratory and expiratory times. CONCLUSION: Long-term NaHCO3-inhalation is safe in chronic CS-exposed guinea pigs. Our data suggest that bicarbonate-containing aerosols might be carefully applied to CF patients.


Assuntos
Fumar Cigarros , Fibrose Cística , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Animais , Bicarbonatos , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/genética , Cobaias , Humanos , Inflamação , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/patologia , Nicotiana
2.
Molecules ; 27(12)2022 Jun 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35744988

RESUMO

Scots pine (SO) and clove (CO) essential oils (EOs) are commonly used by inhalation, and their main components are shown to reduce inflammatory mediator production. The aim of our research was to investigate the chemical composition of commercially available SO and CO by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and study their effects on airway functions and inflammation in an acute pneumonitis mouse model. Inflammation was evoked by intratracheal endotoxin and EOs were inhaled three times during the 24 h experimental period. Respiratory function was analyzed by unrestrained whole-body plethysmography, lung inflammation by semiquantitative histopathological scoring, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and cytokine measurements. α-Pinene (39.4%) was the main component in SO, and eugenol (88.6%) in CO. Both SO and CO significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, and prevented peak expiratory flow, tidal volume increases and perivascular edema formation. Meanwhile, inflammatory cell infiltration was not remarkably affected. In contrast, MPO activity and several inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß, KC, MCP-1, MIP-2, TNF-α) were aggravated by both EOs. This is the first evidence that SO and CO inhalation improve airway function, but enhance certain inflammatory parameters. These results suggest that these EOs should be used with caution in cases of inflammation-associated respiratory diseases.


Assuntos
Asma , Óleos Voláteis , Pinus sylvestris , Pneumonia , Syzygium , Animais , Endotoxinas/toxicidade , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Camundongos , Óleos Voláteis/química , Pneumonia/induzido quimicamente , Syzygium/química
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