The Effect of Stabilized Rice Bran Addition on Physicochemical, Sensory, and Techno-Functional Properties of Bread.

Rice bran (RB) is a valuable byproduct derived from rice milling that represents an excellent opportunity for dietary inclusion. Bioactive components with antioxidant potential have been reported in RB, gaining the considerable attention of researchers. However, RB requires a stabilization process after milling to prevent it from becoming rancid and promote its commercial consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting stabilized rice bran (SRB) for wheat flour at levels of 10, 15, 20 and 25% on the proximate composition, dietary fiber, dough rheology, antioxidant properties, content of bioactive compounds, and sensory attributes of white wheat-based bread. Results indicated that the incorporation of SRB increased the bread's insoluble dietary fiber, phytic acid, total polyphenol content, γ-oryzanol, γ-aminobutyric acid, and antioxidant properties, while decreased its water absorption capacity, elasticity, volume, ß-glucans, and soluble dietary fiber content. Moreover, substituting wheat flour for SRB at levels higher than 15% affected sensory attributes, such as color, odor, flavor, and softness. This study highlights the potential application of SRB flour in bread-making to increase nutritional, and functional properties of white wheat bread.

SOCS3 Expression by Thymic Stromal Cells Is Required for Normal T Cell Development.

The suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is a major regulator of immune responses and inflammation as it negatively regulates cytokine signaling. Here, the role of SOCS3 in thymic T cell formation was studied in Socs3fl/flActin-creER mice (Δsocs3) with a tamoxifen inducible and ubiquitous Socs3 deficiency. Δsocs3 thymi showed a 90% loss of cellularity and altered cortico-medullary organization. Thymocyte differentiation and proliferation was impaired at the early double negative (CD4-CD8-) cell stage and apoptosis was increased during the double positive (CD4+CD8+) cell stage, resulting in the reduction of recent thymic emigrants in peripheral organs. Using bone marrow chimeras, transplanting thymic organoids and using mice deficient of SOCS3 in thymocytes we found that expression in thymic stromal cells rather than in thymocytes was critical for T cell development. We found that SOCS3 in thymic epithelial cells (TECs) binds to the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM 21 and that Trim21-/- mice showed increased thymic cellularity. Δsocs3 TECs showed alterations in the expression of genes involved in positive and negative selection and lympho-stromal interactions. SOCS3-dependent signal inhibition of the common gp130 subunit of the IL-6 receptor family was redundant for T cell formation. Together, SOCS3 expression in thymic stroma cells is critical for T cell development and for maintenance of thymus architecture.

Creencias sobre salud y prácticas de autocuidado en adultos jóvenes: estudio biográfico de estilos de vida / Beliefs on health and self-care practices in young adults: biographical study of lifestyles / Crenças sobre saúde e práticas de autocuidado em adultos jóvens: estudo biográfico de estilos de vida

Resumen El abundante acceso a información y recomendaciones para el autocuidado de la salud a través de los medios de comunicación y los programas de salud pública no han logrado aumentar la adherencia de la población a estilos de vida saludables. A pesar de los avances en esta materia, las enfermedades no trasmisibles asociadas a estilos de vida insanos siguen siendo una epidemia a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Para comprender uno de los factores psicosociales relevantes para el autocuidado de la salud se estudió en profundidad las creencias de profesionales jóvenes chilenos sobre salud y sobre sus prácticas de autocuidado. Materiales y métodos: Mediante un estudio cualitativo basado en el paradigma fenomenológico y el método biográfico se analizó las historias de vida de 14 adultos jóvenes profesionales que trabajan en distintas áreas laborales. Resultado: En base a un análisis de contenido se muestra que los jóvenes manifiestan creencias favorables hacia un estilo de vida saludable, pero a nivel de sus prácticas de autocuidado ellos mantienen algunas conductas no saludables. Es así como, independientemente del conocimiento científico que manejan sobre salud, los jóvenes generan una estructura argumentativa personal que les permite autojustificar la inconsistencia entre sus creencias y sus prácticas de autocuidado. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos plantean la necesidad de redirigir el foco de las intervenciones de promoción de estilos de vida saludables.

Abstract The abundant access to information and recommendations for self-care for health through the media and public health programs have not managed to increase the adherence of the population to healthy lifestyles. Despite advances in this area, the non-communicable diseases associated with unhealthy lifestyles continue to be an epidemic worldwide. Objective: the beliefs of Chilean young professionals about health and self-care were studied in depth to understand one of the relevant psychosocial factors that affect health self-care. Materials and methods: through a qualitative study based on the phenomenological paradigm and the biographical method, the life stories of 14 Chilean young professional adults working in different work areas were analyzed. Results: based on a content analysis, young people show favorable beliefs towards a healthy lifestyle but, at the level of self-care practices, they maintain some unhealthy behaviors. This is how, reagardless of the scientific knowledge they handle about health, young people generate a personal argumentative structure that allows them to selfjustify the inconsistence between their beliefs and their self-care practices. Conclusions: These findings raise the need to redirect the focus of interventions promoting healthy lifestyles.

Resumo O abundante aceso a informação e recomendações para o autocuidado da saúde a través dos meios de comunicação e os programas de saúde pública não tem logrado aumentar a aderência da povoação a estilos de vida saudáveis. A pesar dos avanços nesta matéria, as doenças não transmissíveis associadas a estilos de vida insanos seguem sendo uma epidemia a nível mundial. Objetivo: Para compreender um dos fatores psicossociais relevantes para o autocuidado da saúde se estudou em profundidade as crenças de professionais jovens chilenos sobre saúde e sobre suas práticas de autocuidado. Materiais e métodos: Através dum estudo qualitativo baseado no paradigma fenomenológico e o método biográfico se analisou as histórias de vida de 14 adultos jovens profissionais que trabalham em diferentes áreas ocupacionais. Resultado: De acordo a uma análise de conteúdo se amostra que os jovens manifestam crenças favoráveis para um estilo de vida saudável, mas a nível de suas práticas de autocuidado eles mantem algumas condutas não saudáveis. É assim como, independentemente do conhecimento científico que têm sobre saúde, os jovens geram uma estrutura argumentativa pessoal que lhes permite auto justificar a inconsistência entre suas crenças e suas práticas de autocuidado. Conclusões: Estas descobertas estabelecem a necessidade de redirecionar o foco das intervenções de promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis.