A Rare and Unusual Evolution of Hypothyroidism in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis to Graves' Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Our article examines a rare case where hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis progressed, after a long period (three years) of L-thyroxine substitution, into confirmed hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease in a 69-year-old man. The article explores possible mechanisms of this unusual transition based on our case and others reported in the literature. Findings suggest that the coexistence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease can lead to transitions between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, influenced by the predominance of involved antibodies and residual capacity of thyroid tissue. The authors emphasize the importance of further studies to better understand these transitions and identify at-risk patients. In conclusion, the article highlights the necessity of considering the rare possibility of transition to Graves' disease in patients presenting with persistent hyperthyroidism despite cessation of L-thyroxine.

Rare Cases of Hibernomas Associated With Bilateral Pheochromocytoma: A Report of Two Cases.

Hibernoma is an infrequent benign lipomatous tumor that shows differentiation to brown fat. It is a slowly growing tumor of variable consistency but often firmer than a classic lipoma, mobile, and rarely infiltrating. To date, there are only a few cases of adrenal hibernoma in the literature. Herein, we report two cases. The first one is that of a 24-year-old female presenting with a bilateral adrenal incidentaloma discovered in the setting of abdominal pain whose histological study individualized a bilateral pheochromocytoma associated with a hibernoma. The second case is that of a young male of 23 years old. He was operated on in adolescence (age 14) for a left pheochromocytoma. The outcome was marked by the recurrence of the Menards triad ("headache, palpitations, and sweating") and hypertension at the age of 23 years. It was due to the appearance of a contralateral right pheochromocytoma, whose histological study showed an association with a hibernoma, and the genetic study revealed Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease.

Rare and Atypical Case of Turner Syndrome With Three Cell Lines.

Turner's syndrome is a rare complex genetic disease characterized by gonadal dysgenesis and sexual chromosomal abnormalities. Half of the patients affected are monosomic, for the X chromosome, and for the remaining patients, a variety of chromosomal abnormalities have been reported. Only a small percentage (3%-4%) of people with Turner syndrome have triple X cell line mosaicism (47, XXX). It has been reported that patients 45, X/47, XXX have normal intelligence, a higher rate of spontaneous menstruation, an increased number of pregnancies, and a lower frequency of short stature (60%) compared to patients 45, X. In this work, we will present a rare and atypical case of a patient who presents a rare chromosomal mosaicism, with three chromosomal lineages, contrasting with a typical clinical picture of Turner syndrome.