RESUMO
Introduction: The HTR2C gene is an important candidate in pharmacogenetic studies of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). However, inconsistent results have been obtained. The present study investigated the association between -759C>T, functional polymorphism of the HTR2C receptor, and AIWG. Methods: A prospective cohort of 48 female inpatients with schizophrenia and related illness treated according to normal clinical practice with second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) risperidone, clozapine, quetiapine, and olanzapine were evaluated. Patients were weighted at admission and again at 6 weeks of hospitalization. Weight gain was defined as an increase≥7% of baseline weight. The association between polymorphisms HTR2C and weight gain was evaluated. Multiple logistic regression was run to determine potential confounders. Results: Patients with the T allele at position -759 (TT or CT) gained less weight as compared to patients who did not have the allele. This association was not affected by possible confounding factors such as age, baseline BMI, and prior psychopharmacological treatment. Discussion: The T allele at position -759 protects against AIWG in female patients with schizophrenia.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Receptor 5-HT2C de Serotonina/genética , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos , Aumento de Peso/genética , Adulto , Feminino , Testes Genéticos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
From August 2008 to December 2011, six metallo-ß-lactamase-producing isolates, four Enterobacter cloacae, one Klebsiella oxytoca and one Citrobacter freundii, were detected at Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos "Evita" in Lanús. All six isolates showed multiresistant profiles and the presence of the blaIMP-8 gene. Five isolates also expressed PER-2 extended spectrum ß-lactamase. The blaIMP-8 gene was found as the first cassette in a class 1 integron. However, the 3´ conserved sequence could not be detected in three isolates. In all cases, blaIMP-8 was transferred by conjugation to azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53. PFGE analysis revealed that the four E. cloacae isolates were not genetically related. These are the first metallo-ß-lactamases detected in this institution and our results suggest a possible intra- and inter-species horizontal dissemination of blaIMP-8.
Assuntos
Enterobacteriaceae/enzimologia , beta-Lactamases , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Argentina , Enterobacteriaceae/genética , Enterobacteriaceae/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , beta-Lactamases/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the mechanism of glycopeptide resistance and to determine the genetic relatedness among strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from Argentina. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 189 vancomycin-resistant single-patient isolates of Enterococcus faecium recovered between January 1997 and December 2000 from 30 hospitals in Argentina were studied. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by the agar dilution method and van genes were detected by PCR. PFGE was used for molecular typing. RESULTS: All isolates except three (vanB) were of genotype vanA. For 189 vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, SmaI-PFGE indicated 35 clonal types. Most of the isolates (56%) belonged to the same clonal type 1, which was present in 19 hospitals and dominant in 17. CONCLUSIONS: The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Argentina seems to be related to the intra- and inter-hospital dissemination of an epidemic clone carrying the vanA element.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Enterococcus faecium/genética , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Resistência a Vancomicina/genética , Argentina/epidemiologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Carbono-Oxigênio Ligases/genética , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado/métodos , Enterococcus faecium/efeitos dos fármacos , Enterococcus faecium/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/epidemiologia , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Epidemiologia MolecularRESUMO
From August 2008 to December 2011, six metallo-ß-lactamase-producing isolates, four Enterobacter cloacae, one Klebsiella oxytoca and one Citrobacter freundii, were detected at Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos "Evita" in Lanús. All six isolates showed multiresistant profiles and the presence of the blaIMP-8 gene. Five isolates also expressed PER-2 extended spectrum ß-lactamase. The blaIMP-8 gene was found as the first cassette in a class 1 integron. However, the 3´ conserved sequence could not be detected in three isolates. In all cases, blaIMP-8 was transferred by conjugation to azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53. PFGE analysis revealed that the four E. cloacae isolates were not genetically related. These are the first metallo-ß-lactamases detected in this institution and our results suggest a possible intra- and inter-species horizontal dissemination of blaIMP-8.