Angiopoietin-like protein 2 inhibits thrombus formation.

Acute myocardial infarction is mainly caused by a lack of blood flood in the coronary artery. Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) induces platelet activation and thrombus formation in vitro through binding with immunoglobulin-like receptor B, an immunoglobulin superfamily receptor. However, the mechanism by which it regulates platelet function in vivo remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of ANGPTL2 during thrombosis in relationship with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with spontaneous recanalization (SR). In a cohort of 276 male and female patients, we measured plasma ANGPTL2 protein levels. Using male Angptl2-knockout and wild-type mice, we examined the inhibitory effect of Angptl2 on thrombosis and platelet activation both in vivo and ex vivo. We found that plasma and platelet ANGPTL2 levels were elevated in patients with STEMI with SR compared to those in non-SR (NSR) patients, and was an independent predictor of SR. Angptl2 deficiency accelerated mesenteric artery thrombosis induced by FeCl3 in Angptl2-/- compared to WT animals, promoted platelet granule secretion and aggregation induced by thrombin and collogen while purified ANGPTL2 protein supplementation reversed collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Angptl2 deficiency also increased platelet spreading on immobilized fibrinogen and clot contraction. In collagen-stimulated Angptl2-/- platelets, Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase (Shp)1-Y564 and Shp2-Y580 phosphorylation were attenuated while Src, Syk, and Phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) phosphorylation increased. Our results demonstrate that ANGPTL2 negatively regulated thrombus formation by activating ITIM which can suppress ITAM signaling pathway. This new knowledge provides a new perspective for designing future antiplatelet aggregation therapies.

Evaluation of post-dilatation on longitudinal stent deformation and postprocedural stent malapposition in the left main artery by optical coherence tomography (OCT): an in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: The diameter of the ostial and proximal left main coronary artery can be greater than 5.0 mm. However, the diameters of the mostly available coronary drug-eluting stents (DESs) are ≤ 4.0 mm. Whether high-pressure dilatation can increase the diameter of stents from 4.0 to 5.0 mm and whether post-dilatation leads to longitudinal stent deformation (LSD) of 4.0-mm-diameter stents have rarely been studied. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate LSD and stent malapposition of six types of commercially available 4.0-mm-diameter stents in China in a 5.0-mm-diameter artificial blood vessel model by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in vitro. METHODS: The left main coronary artery was simulated by a truncated cone-shaped silicone tube. The internal diameters were 4.0 mm at one end of the silicone tube and 5.0 mm at the other end. Six different types of coronary stents widely used in China were selected for this study. Each stent was respectively implanted into the simulated blood vessel and dilated to a diameter of 4.2 mm according to the stent-balloon pressure compliance table. The stents were subjected to post-dilatation with a 5.0 × 15-mm noncompliant balloon. The LSD ratio of the longitudinal axis of each stent and stent malapposition were measured through OCT, and any fractures of the stents were determined. RESULTS: None of the six types of stents fractured following post-dilatation. The longitudinal axes of the BuMA and Excrossal stents were slightly shortened, while the other stents were elongated after high-pressure post-dilatation. All stents expanded to a diameter of 5.0 mm without incomplete stent apposition, except for the Nano Plus stent, which remained malapposed after high-pressure post-dilatation. CONCLUSION: All 4.0-mm-diameter stents can be expanded to a diameter of 5.0 mm by noncompliant balloon post-dilatation without stent strut fracture. Most stents were found to be well apposed after high-pressure post-dilatation. However, LSD was observed after post-balloon dilatation. Stent malapposition might be positively correlated with the percentage change in stent length.

A Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on the WOA-VMD and the GAT.

In complex industrial environments, the vibration signal of the rolling bearing is covered by noise, which makes fault diagnosis inaccurate. In order to overcome the effect of noise on the signal, a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on the WOA-VMD (Whale Optimization Algorithm-Variational Mode Decomposition) and the GAT (Graph Attention network) is proposed to deal with end effect and mode mixing issues in signal decomposition. Firstly, the WOA is used to adaptively determine the penalty factor and decomposition layers in the VMD algorithm. Meanwhile, the optimal combination is determined and input into the VMD, which is used to decompose the original signal. Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient method is used to select IMF (Intrinsic Mode Function) components that have a high correlation with the original signal, and selected IMF components are reconstructed to remove the noise in the original signal. Finally, the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) method is used to construct the graph structure data. The multi-headed attention mechanism is used to construct the fault diagnosis model of the GAT rolling bearing in order to classify the signal. The results show an obvious noise reduction effect in the high-frequency part of the signal after the application of the proposed method, where a large amount of noise was removed. In the diagnosis of rolling bearing faults, the accuracy of the test set diagnosis in this study was 100%, which is higher than that of the four other compared methods, and the diagnosis accuracy rate of various faults reached 100%.

LXR activation ameliorates high glucose stress-induced aberrant mitochondrial dynamics via downregulation of Calpain1 expression in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts.

Liver-X-receptor (LXR) has previously been shown to exert a cardioprotective effect against the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with a reduction in mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism by which LXR activation attenuates the structural and functional mitochondrial impairments caused by high glucose (HG) stress remains unclear. We demonstrate here that LXR activation inhibits HG stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and ameliorates aberrant mitochondrial dynamics. Furthermore, LXR activation regulates mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting HG stress-induced upregulation of Calpain1 expression. These data indicate that amelioration of Calpain1-mediated aberrant mitochondrial dynamics may be at least part of the mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effects of LXR against HG stress. Therefore, LXR is a potentially attractive molecular target for treating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with diabetes.

Online learning-empowered smart management for A2O process in sewage treatment processes.

Using artificial intelligence method to describe general working process is a more meaningful and widely used idea in various practical projects. At the same time, it is also an important way to realize intelligent management. Water pollution is serious all over the world, also the intelligent management of sewage treatment has always been one of the urgent problems to be solved. For this, an intelligent management system is designed in this study to realize automatic monitoring and intelligent decision-making of sewage treatment. However, the existing technology usually trains artificial intelligence models based on historical data, and such models have some limitations in describing nonlinear and complex wastewater treatment processes. Offline machine learning lacks dynamic adaptive characteristics to scene changes. Considering this, this paper designs an online learning-empowered smart management for A2/O process in sewage treatment processes (OL-AP). Online learning is based on the new data generated by the scene transformation, so that the model can learn again and give better results. In this study, relevant simulation experiments are carried out on the sewage treatment data of a sewage treatment plant in Chongqing. Firstly, automatic data collection is realized based on the sensor network of the IoT. Then, according to the preprocessed data, the designed prediction model is trained and a set of parameters with better evaluation indexes is obtained. Finally, online learning uses the latest data samples based on the online feedback of real scenes to optimize the model by retraining and adjusting parameters.

Study on the Chemical Profile of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) and the Evaluation of the Similarities and Differences between Different Cultivars.

Chrysanthemum originates in China and has been cultivated for tea and food utilizations over two thousand years. According to differences in origin and processing methods, Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. can be categorized into many cultivars. This study aims to investigate the chemical components in chrysanthemum and clarify similarities and differences between different chrysanthemum varieties. A total of 55 non-volatile components and 66 volatile components in chrysanthemum were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods, respectively. A rapid UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 13 active components in 30 batches chrysanthemum samples of ten different cultivars. Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to analyze the samples. The result indicated that Boju, Huaiju and Chuju were more similar in terms of the ingredient content and Qiju, Jinsihuangju, Huangju, Hangju, Gongju, Fubaiju, Baiju have a high degree of similarity. Furthermore, isochlorogenic acid C, luteolin, apigenin-7-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, apigenin and cryptochlorogenic acid plays an important role in distinguishing different varieties of chrysanthemum. The established strategy explains the similarities and differences between different varieties of chrysanthemums to some extent, and provides certain reference value for the choice of chrysanthemums for eating or medicinal purposes in daily life.

Enriched Surface Oxygen Vacancies of Fe2(MoO4)3 Catalysts for a PDS-Activated photoFenton System.

The environmentally benign Fe2(MoO4)3 plays a crucial role in the transformation of organic contaminants, either through catalytically decomposing oxidants or through directly oxidizing the target pollutants. Because of their dual roles and the complex surface chemical reactions, the mechanism involved in Fe2(MoO4)3-catalyzed PDS activation processes remains obscure. In this study, Fe2(MoO4)3 was prepared via the hydrothermal and calcine method, and photoFenton degradation of methyl orange (MO) was used to evaluate the catalytic performance of Fe2(MoO4)3. Fe2(MoO4)3 catalysts with abundant surface oxygen vacancies were used to construct a synergistic system involving a photocatalyst and PDS activation. The oxygen vacancies and Fe2+/Fe3+ shuttle played key roles in the novel pathways for generation of •O2-, h+, and 1O2 in the UV-Vis + PDS + FMO-6 photoFenton system. This study advances the fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanism involved in the transition metal oxide-catalyzed PDS activation processes.

Efficient Degradation of Congo Red in Water by UV-Vis Driven CoMoO4/PDS Photo-Fenton System.

In order to improve the catalytic activity of cobalt molybdate (CoMoO4), a PDS-activated and UV-vis assisted system was constructed. CoMoO4 was prepared by coprecipitation and calcination, and characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, SEM, TEM, XPS, TGA Zeta potential, BET, and UV-Vis DRS. The results showed that the morphology of the CoMoO4 nanolumps consisted of stacked nanosheets. XRD indicated the monoclinic structures with C2/m (C32h, #12) space group, which belong to α-CoMoO4, and both Co2+ and Mo6+ ions occupy distorted octahedral sites. The pH of the isoelectric point (pHIEP) of CMO-8 at pH = 4.88 and the band gap of CoMoO4 was 1.92 eV. The catalytic activity of CoMoO4 was evaluated by photo-Fenton degradation of Congo red (CR). The catalytic performance was affected by calcination temperature, catalyst dosage, PDS dosage, and pH. Under the best conditions (0.8 g/L CMO-8, PDS 1 mL), the degradation efficiency of CR was 96.972%. The excellent catalytic activity of CoMoO4 was attributed to the synergistic effect of photo catalysis and CoMoO4-activated PDS degradation. The capture experiments and the ESR showed that superoxide radical (·O2-), singlet oxygen (1O2), hole (h+), sulfate (SO4-·), and hydroxyl (·OH-) were the main free radicals leading to the degradation of CR. The results can provide valuable information and support for the design and application of high-efficiency transition metal oxide catalysts.

Predictive and prognostic value of v-set and transmembrane domain-containing 1 expression in monocytes for coronary artery disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between v-set and transmembrane domain-containing 1 (VSTM1) expression and incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 310 patients were divided into a non-acute coronary syndrome (non-ACS) group (containing the stable angina group, and the asymptomatic coronary artery diseaseand other patients group) and an ACS group (containing unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction patients). Monocytic VSTM1 expression levels (assessed via average fluorescence intensity derived from antibody binding to VSTM1) in each group were detected and analyzed. The cut-off value of monocytic VSTM1 expression to predict the onset of ACS and MACE was confirmed. VSTM1 expression in monocytes from the ACS group was lower than that of the non-ACS group. The incidence of MACEs in the high VSTM1-expression group was much less than that of those in the low VSTM1 expression group at the 1 year follow-up stage. VSTM1 expression had an independent-inversed association with increased incidence of MACE and ACS. VSTM1 expression in monocytes may help to predict the occurrence of ACS in patients with CHD, and moreover it may provide the means to evaluate MACE prognosis during CHD patient follow-up.

Effect of lgals3a on embryo development of zebrafish.

Our study was aimed to investigate the effects of lgals3a (Gal-3 encoding gene) on the development of zebrafish embryo and its underlying mechanisms. Morpholino (MO) technology was used to inhibit the expression of zebrafish lgals3a, and the effect of lgals3a gene knockdown on zebrafish embryo development and the number of monocyte macrophages was observed. Effect of lgals3a-e3i3-MO on apoptosis of zebrafish was detected by acridine orange staining. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway-related genes were detected by RT-qPCR. Compared with control-MO group, the zebrafish embryos injected with lgals3a-e3i3-MO had obvious defects in the head, eyes, and tail, and pericardial edema. Lgals3a-e3i3-MO significantly reduced the number of mononuclear macrophages in zebrafish embryos compared with the control-MO group. The results of acridine orange staining showed that compared with the control-MO group, lgals3a-e3i3-MO promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis in zebrafish. Furthermore, lgals3a-e3i3-MO significantly up-regulated the expression of dkk1b, wnt9a, lrp5, fzd7a, ß-catenin, Gsk-3ß, mycn, myca in the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway, and decreased the expression of lef1. These results indicate that lgals3a-e3i3-MO inhibits zebrafish embryo development, reduces the number of mononuclear macrophages, activates Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway and promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis.