Aerobic exercise training combined with local strength exercise restores muscle blood flow and maximal aerobic capacity in long-term Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.

It is unclear whether muscle blood flow (MBF) is altered in long-term Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors. We tested the hypothesis that 1) MBF response during mental stress (MS) is impaired in long-term HL survivors and 2) aerobic exercise training combined with local strength exercise (ET) restores MBF responses during MS in these survivors. Eighteen 5-year HL survivors and 10 aged-paired healthy subjects (HC) were studied. Twenty HL survivors were randomly divided into two groups: exercise-trained (HLT, n = 10) and untrained (HLUT, n = 10). Maximal aerobic capacity was evaluated by a cardiopulmonary exercise test and forearm blood flow (FBF) by venous occlusion plethysmography. MS was elicited by Stroop color and word test. ET was conducted for 4 mo, 3/wk for 60 min each session. The aerobic exercise intensity corresponded to anaerobic threshold up to 10% below the respiratory compensation point. The strength exercises consisted of two to three sets of chest press, pulley and squat exercises, 12-15 repetitions each exercise at 30-50% of the maximal voluntary contraction. Baseline was similar in HL survivors and HC, except peak oxygen consumption (peak V̇o2, P = 0.013) and FBF (P = 0.006) that were lower in the HL survivors. FBF responses during MS were lower in HL survivors (P < 0.001). ET increased peak V̇o2 (11.59 ± 3.07%, P = 0.002) and FBF at rest (33.74 ± 5.13%, P < 0.001) and during MS (24 ± 5.31%, P = 0.001). Further analysis showed correlation between the changes in peak V̇o2 and the changes in FBF during MS (r = 0.711, P = 0.001). In conclusion, long-term HL survivors have impaired MBF responses during MS. ET restores MBF responses during MS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Long-term Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors have impaired muscle blood flow responses during mental stress and decreased maximal aerobic capacity. Supervised aerobic exercise training combined with local strength exercises restores muscle blood flow responses during mental stress and maximal aerobic capacity in these survivors. These findings provide evidence of safety and effectiveness of exercise training in HL survivors. Moreover, they highlight the importance of exercise training in the treatment of this set of patients.

Myocardial blood flow assessment with 82rubidium-PET imaging in patients with left bundle branch block

OBJECTIVES: Perfusion abnormalities are frequently seen in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) when a left bundle branch block is present. A few studies have shown decreased coronary flow reserve in the left anterior descending territory, regardless of the presence of coronary artery disease. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate rubidium-82 (82Rb) positron emission tomography imaging in the assessment of myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve in patients with left bundle branch block. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with left bundle branch block (GI), median age 63.5 years, 22 (58%) female, 12 with coronary artery disease (≥70%; GI-A) and 26 with no evidence of significant coronary artery disease (GI-B), underwent rest-dipyridamole stress 82Rb-positron emission tomography with absolute quantitative flow measurements using Cedars-Sinai software (mL/min/g). The relative myocardial perfusion and left ventricular ejection fraction were assessed in 17 segments. These parameters were compared with those obtained from 30 patients with normal 82Rb-positron emission tomography studies and without left bundle branch block (GII). RESULTS: Stress myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve were significantly lower in GI than in GII (p<0.05). The comparison of coronary flow reserve between GI-A and GI-B showed that it was different from the global coronary flow reserve (p<0.05) and the stress flow was significantly lower in the anterior than in the septal wall for both groups. Perfusion abnormalities were more prevalent in GI-A (p=0.06) and the left ventricular ejection fraction was not different between GI-A and GI-B, whereas it was lower in GI than in GII (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The data confirm that patients with left bundle branch block had decreased myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve and coronary flow reserve assessed by 82Rb-positron emission tomography imaging may be useful in identifying coronary artery disease in patients with left bundle branch block.

Estudo comparativo das bombas de rolete e centrífuga em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio / Comparative study of roller and centrifuge pumps in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Contexto e objetivos: Estudos sugerem que a utilização da bomba centrífuga na circulação extracorpórea é melhor do ponto de vista fisiológico se comparada a bomba de rolete nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar os níveis séricos delactato em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio utilizando as bombas de rolete e centrífugas durante a circulação extracorpórea (CEC) como um marcador prognóstico. Desenho e local: Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo, baseado em levantamento de dados de prontuários médico hospitalares, realizado no Hospital Sírio-Libanês. Método: Foi estudada uma coorte histórica de pacientes, dividida em dois grupos: o primeiro grupo, de 61 pacientes, operados no período de março de 2007 a julho de 2008, com bomba rolete, e o segundo grupo, de 74 pacientes, no período de julho de 2008 a fevereiro de 2011, com bomba centrífuga. As amostras sanguíneas dos pacientes foram colhidas em quatro diferentes tempos durante a operação: pré-circulação extracorpórea (T1); hipotermia a 32 °C (T2); hipotermia a 34 °C (T3); pós-circulação extracorpórea (T4). Resultados: Houve diferença significativa na amostra do lactato em T4 (P = 0,049). Conclusão: Na bomba centrífuga, observamos melhora do lactato ao final da circulação extracorpórea em comparação com a bomba rolete.