Agenesis of the maxillary permanent lateral incisors with the deciduous retained: Conservative and biomimetic approach using the BAIR technique.

OBJECTIVE: Agenesis of the maxillary permanent lateral incisors is a condition that requires treatment aimed at improving the esthetics, even at an early age. However, traditional therapeutic protocols are long, invasive and have limitations and contraindications imposed by the age of the patient. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: Recent developments in restorative dentistry have provided a new approach to this clinical situation, in particular when the deciduous laterals are retained. We report two cases regarding the management of missing lateral incisors using Biologically Active Intrasulcular Restoration (BAIR) technique. The BAIR technique allows us to transform the shape of the deciduous lateral incisor into the permanent, acting both on the dental morphology and proportions, and on the appearance of the soft tissues and the gingival parables. CONCLUSIONS: The BAIR technique is a valid approach to cases of agenesis of the maxillary permanent lateral incisors, when the deciduous are retained. It does not require any preparation of the dental tissues, is reversible and minimally invasive. It is applicable to patients of all ages, and results are obtained in a single appointment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The BAIR technique allows a biomimetic conservative approach for the rehabilitation of congenitally missing permanent lateral incisors, when the deciduous are retained. It is a non-invasive protocol and effective in successfully restoring esthetics.

In vitro comparison of bonding effectiveness of different adhesive strategies.

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To compare the bond strength to human dentin for a variety of adhesive materials, including self-adhesive resin composites, self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems and glass-ionomer cement by means of micro shear bond strength (µSBS) test and SEM observations. METHODS: Seventy-two human molars were sectioned to obtain a 2 mm-thick slab of mid-coronal dentin and were subsequently randomly divided into nine groups (n = 8). Nine conical frustum-shaped build-ups were constructed on the occlusal surface of each dentin slab using bonding agents (Group 1: OptiBond FL; Group 2: OptiBond XTR) combined with a resin composite (Premise Flow), self-adhesive resin composites (Group 3: RelyX Unicem; Group 4: RelyX Unicem 2; Group 5: SmartCem2; Group 6: SpeedCEM; Group 7: Maxcem Elite; Group 8: Vertise Flow) and a glass-ionomer cement (Group 9: Ketac-Fil). Specimens were subjected to µSBS test and observed with SEM. Data were analyzed by a mixed model and chi-square test. RESULTS: The bond strengths measured in Groups 3-9 were significantly lower than those recorded in Groups 1 and 2. There were no significant differences in bond strengths between Groups 1 and 2 or between Groups 4 through 8. The bond strength measured in Group 9 was significantly lower than those recorded in Groups 4, 5, and 6 but was not significantly different than those recorded in Groups 3, 7, and 8. Failures were mainly adhesive in all groups.

Adhesion to primary dentin: microshear bond strength and scanning electron microscopic observation.

PURPOSE: To compare the bond strength to human primary dentin of a self-adhesive light-curing resin composite, a self-etch adhesive and a glass-ionomer cement by means of microshear bond strength (pSBS) test and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations. METHODS: 75 human primary molars were sectioned to obtain a 2 mm-thick slab of mid-coronal dentin, randomly divided into three groups (n=25). Nine conical frustum-shaped buildups were constructed on the occlusal surface of each dentin slab using a self-adhesive light-curing resin composite (Vertise Flow; Group 1), bonding agent (Optibond All-in-One; Group 2) combined with resin composite (Premise Flow) and a glass-ionomer cement (Ketac-Fil; Group 3). After thermocycling, specimens were subjected to microSBS test. All debonded specimens were observed at SEM. Data were analyzed by a mixed model and chi-square test. RESULTS: The bond strength measured in Group 1 (9.0 +/- 4.5 MPa) was significantly lower than that one recorded in Group 2 (20.2 +/-12.5 MPa) although it was significantly higher than the one recorded in Group 3 (4.8 +/- 2.3 MPa). Failures were mainly adhesive in all groups.

Maxillary Anterior Teeth Dimensions and Relative Width Proportions: A Narrative Literature Review.

Predictable results in the aesthetic treatment of anterior teeth can be obtained by resorting to the concept of dental aesthetics and, in particular, defining the ideal tooth dimensions and proportions to obtain a harmonious smile. Considering the great variety of articles dealing with the topic, and the lack of updated reviews, this narrative literature review aims to evaluate current knowledge on anterior teeth dimensions and to verify the existence and the potential applications of the anterior teeth proportioning theories (Golden Proportion, Golden Percentage, RED Proportion, and Golden Rectangle). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were comprehensively searched using different keywords and term combinations. The research includes articles published up to June 2023, no time limits were set, and only articles in English were included. Inclusion criteria comprehended reviews, clinical studies, and in-vitro studies. A total of 66 articles were selected. Two main topics were identified: "Anterior teeth dimensions", "Golden Proportions, Golden Percentage, RED Proportions, and Golden Rectangle". As far as tooth dimensions are concerned, different width ranges are recognized for men and women and for different ethnic groups. Perfectly symmetric contralateral elements are found in low percentages of subjects. The correlation between dental dimensions and facial parameters is not always present, and it strongly depends on the sample's ethnicity and gender. Ideal tooth proportions were only partially identified.

Stain Susceptibility of Composite Resins: Pigment Penetration Analysis.

Composite resins are considered the material of choice for esthetic direct restorations, considering both their satisfying esthetic and mechanical properties. The success of composite resin restorations depends highly on their color stability. Discoloration causes color mismatch, consequent patient dissatisfaction, and eventually additional costs for correction/replacement of the restoration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of pigment penetration within the composite resins, in order to understand how discoloration can be treated properly. Two different commercially available composite resins were compared in the study: a nano-filled composite resin and a non-homogeneous micro-hybrid composite resin. A coffee solution was used to induce staining of the materials. Subsequently, the penetration of the pigments was measured by analyzing the color from the outside to the inside of the specimen. 14 levels were analyzed starting from 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm in depth. The ANOVA test demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) between test and control groups up to a depth of 1.0 mm for the nano-filled composite and up to a depth of 2.0 mm for the non-homogeneous micro-hybrid composite. The two composite resin materials, subjected to pigmenting treatment, underwent a color variation with different patterns.

Intrasulcular Restorations of Anterior Teeth According to the BAIR Technique: Evaluation of Periodontal Parameters.

Some clinical situations, such as the closure of pronounced diastemas, and the transformation of malformed, small, or peg-shaped teeth, require a rebalancing of dental proportions accompanied by a modification of the gingival contour. A traditional treatment plan can include surgical, prosthetic, and/or orthodontic treatments. In some cases, it can be considered too invasive, and not all patients are willing to undertake long therapies. To overcome these limitations, a possible solution could be the application of the Biologically Active Intrasulcular Restoration (BAIR) technique, which allows us to modify the natural emergence tooth profile using simple intrasulcular direct restorations. The aims of this paper are to investigate possible effects on gingival health, and to assess the patient satisfaction about the aesthetic intervention performed. Periodontal data were collected, and patient satisfaction was registered using the VAS questionnaire. All sites healed without complications, no adverse events were registered or reported by the patients, and no signs of periodontal morbidity were visible. The results show that the patients evaluated the final aesthetics in a positive way, and they perceived a good condition of periodontal health as well. The intervention is felt as almost painless, and patients do not report significant post-operative distress. In conclusion, the BAIR technique can provide a valid therapeutic alternative for patients for whom traditional treatments are not indicated. It is a minimally invasive intervention where both the operating times and the biologic and economic costs are reduced.

Comparison of experienced and inexperienced operators on bond strengths of total-etch and self-etch bonding systems.

PURPOSE: To compare a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system and a one-step self-etch adhesive system in order to evaluate the influence of clinical experience on dentin bond strength. METHODS: 24 human molars were sectioned to obtain two 1 mm-thick slabs of mid-coronal dentin. Both surfaces of one of the two slabs that were obtained from each tooth were treated with a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (OptiBond Solo Plus), while both surfaces of the other slab were treated with a one-step self-etch adhesive (OptiBond All-In-One). 24 undergraduate, second-year students applied the adhesive on one of the two surfaces of each slab (Student group), while 12 dentists with experience in adhesive restorative dentistry (Expert group) applied the same adhesive on the other surface of the slab. Nine conical frustum-shaped resin composite (Premise Flowable) build-ups, whose smaller base was bonded to the dentin surface, were constructed on both surfaces of each dentin slab using a custom-made device. After thermocycling, specimens were subjected to microshear bond strength test. Data were analyzed by a multilevel statistical model. RESULTS: The interaction term Experience x Adhesive resulted statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The bond strength (MPa) resulting from the self-etch adhesive was similar in the Student (27.8 +/- 9.0) and in the Expert group (26.5 +/- 7.0). The etch-and-rinse adhesive bond strength within the Student group (23.6 +/- 10.4) was lower than that within the Expert group (28.1 +/- 8.9).

Crown-root reattachment of a severe subgingival tooth fracture: a 15-month periodontal evaluation.

Traumatic tooth fractures represent an intriguing challenge for clinicians, particularly when they involve the anterior region of the maxilla. In such situations, esthetic, psychosocial, functional, and therapeutic problems may have a negative effect on the patient's quality of life. In addition, fractures that involve the biologic width of the periodontium are even more difficult to treat. An interdisciplinary approach based on crown lengthening with or without orthodontic extrusion and the definitive prosthetic rehabilitation represent the standard modality of treatment for these conditions to restore the appropriate biologic dimension and to reduce the damage esthetically. However, if the margins of the fragment and the tooth show perfect juxtaposition with no interfragmentary space, an adhesive technique may be indicated. The aim of this case report is to describe the treatment of a severe subgingival tooth fracture by means of adhesive reattachment of the fragment followed by a periodontal evaluation over a 15-month period.

Accuracy of Digital Impressions in Fixed Prosthodontics: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.

PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of direct digital impressions in vivo and compare it to that of conventional impressions in order to assess whether intraoral scanners could be a legitimate alternative for the manufacturing of fixed prosthodontics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases using query terms such as digital impression; intraoral digital impression; intraoral scanner; intraoral digital scanner; conventional impression; analogue impression; and accuracy. The outcomes were the trueness and precision of digital impressions in comparison to those of high-precision conventional impressions in vivo. RESULTS: Six studies matched the inclusion criteria. Four studies investigated the precision of digital impressions, while two studies focused on their trueness. Even if all the authors agreed that conventional impressions were more accurate than digital impressions in vivo, they gave different opinions on using intraoral scanners in a clinical context without causing misfit of the final restoration. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present review, conventional impressions performed using high-precision impression materials showed greater accuracy than digital impressions. However, additional studies assessing the accuracy of digital impressions in a wider variety of clinical situations are highly recommended.

Double microtensile bond strength test: an alternative methodology for sample preparation.

The aim of the present study was to compare the technique currently used for carrying out the microtensile bond strength (muTBS) test with an alternative method. Six human molars were sectioned transversally to obtain two specimens from each tooth: a 0.75-mm-thick slab of mid-coronal dentin, which presented an occlusal and a cervical surface (DS specimen); and the remaining section of the tooth with an exposed dentin surface (SS specimen). A self-etch adhesive system and four layers (2 mm each) of resin composite were applied to the sectioned surfaces by means of a custom-made special device, in order to obtain a cylindrical build-up. Each specimen was sectioned lengthwise to obtain multiple sticks. The end sections of sticks obtained from DS specimens were resin composite, whereas the middle section was dentin. The sticks obtained from SS specimens were half resin composite and half dentin. The specimens were fractured under tension. Data were subjected to a multilevel statistical model. The maximum load at break of SS specimens was higher than that of DS specimens. This modified methodology offers two main advantages over the traditional procedure: easier manipulation of the sticks; and the possibility of testing deep dentin.

Adhesion to Zirconia: A Systematic Review of Current Conditioning Methods and Bonding Materials.

Background. Reliable bonding between resin composite cements and high strength ceramics is difficult to achieve because of their chemical inertness and lack of silica content that makes etching impossible. The purpose of this review is to classify and analyze the existing methods and materials suggested to improve the adhesion of zirconia to dental substrate by using composite resins, in order to explore current trends in surface conditioning methods with predictable results. Methods. The current literature, examining the bond strength of zirconia ceramics, and including in vitro studies, clinical studies, and a systematic review, was analyzed. The research in the literature was carried out using PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, only papers in English, published online from 2013 to 2018. The following keywords and their combinations were used: Zirconia, 3Y-TZP, Adhesion, Adhesive cementation, Bonding, Resin, Composite resin, Composite material, Dentin, Enamel. Results. Research, in PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, provided 390 titles with abstracts. From these, a total of 93 publications were chosen for analysis. After a full text evaluation, seven articles were discarded. Therefore, the final sample was 86, including in vitro, clinical studies, and one systematic review. Various adhesive techniques with different testing methods were examined. Conclusions. Airborne-particle abrasion and tribo-chemical silica coating are the pre-treatment methods with more evidence in the literature. Increased adhesion could be expected after physico-chemical conditioning of zirconia. Surface contamination has a negative effect on adhesion. There is no evidence to support a universal adhesion protocol.

Influence of operator skill on microleakege of total-etch and self-etch bonding systems.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of operator skill on microleakage in class V restorations using simplified bonding systems. METHODS: Two cavities were carried out on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 50 human bicuspid teeth. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups according to the operator's skill: student group and expert group. The two cavities of each tooth were randomly treated with Adper Scotchbond 1 XT (total-etch adhesive) and Adper Prompt L-Pop (self-etch adhesive). All cavities were restored with a 0.2mm thick layer of flowable composite (Filtek flow) followed by one bulk increment of resin composite (Filtek Supreme XT). Specimens were thermocycled, immersed in 2% methylene blue and sectioned in a bucco-lingual plane. They were then examined under a stereomicroscope and scored according to microleakage. The data was subjected to a multilevel statistical model. RESULTS: At the dentine margin the microleakage resulting from both the self-etch adhesive and the total-etch one was similar in the student and in the expert groups. The interaction term skill x adhesive was not statistically significant (p=0.4156). At the enamel margin the self-etch adhesive microleakage within the student group resulted lower than that within the expert group. On the other hand, the total-etch adhesive microleakage within the expert group resulted lower than that within the student group. The interaction term skill x adhesive was statistically significant (p=0.0037). CONCLUSIONS: Both the adhesives used were sensitive to operator skill in obtaining a reliable seal with the enamel. On the dentine, both adhesives demonstrated little sensitivity to operator skill.

Rehabilitation of severely injured anterior teeth in a young patient using ceramic and FRC: a clinical report.

This clinical report describes the indirect restoration of anterior teeth in a young patient after a severe dental trauma using all-ceramic coronal posts. Step-by-step clinical procedures and their rationale are described. The learning objective of this case report is to outline the principles for the management of traumatic injuries of permanent anterior teeth in young patients to re-establish function and provide good esthetic results.

Effect of operator skill in relation to microleakage of total-etch and self-etch bonding systems.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of operator skill on microleakage in class V restorations using two-step bonding systems. METHODS: Two standardized box cavities were made on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 54 human bicuspid teeth, with the cervical margin in dentin. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups according to the operator's skill. Students group: undergraduate students. Expert group: a dentist with 20 years of clinical experience in dental adhesion. The buccal cavities of each tooth were treated with Prime&Bond NT (two-step total-etch system); the lingual cavities were treated with AdheSE (two-step self-etch system). All cavities were restored by a single calibrated operator with one bulk increment of resin composite (InTens; Ivoclar Vivadent). Specimens were thermocycled, immersed in 2% methylene blue and sectioned in a bucco-lingual plane in the middle of the restorations. They were then examined under a stereomicroscope and scored according to microleakage by two operators who were blind to the specimen preparation. The data was subjected to a multilevel statistical model. RESULTS: The microleakage resulting from the self-etch adhesive was similar in the student and in the expert groups. On the other hand, the total-etch adhesive microleakage within the expert group resulted lower than that within the student group. However, the interaction term skill x adhesive resulted statistically significant at the dentin margin (p=0.0474) but not at the enamel margin (p=0.1267). CONCLUSION: While the total-etch adhesive used in this study showed to be skill-sensitive, the self-etch one proved to be less skill-sensitive in obtaining a reliable seal with dentin.

A review of polymerization shrinkage stress: current techniques for posterior direct resin restorations.

In general excellent results cannot be guaranteed when using resin-based composites for posterior restorations. This is due to polymerization shrinkage which can still be regarded as the primary negative characteristic of composite resins. A review of available literature regarding the polymerization process, its flaws, and suggested strategies to avoid shrinkage stress was conducted. Several factors responsible for the polymerization process may negatively affect the integrity of the tooth-restoration complex. There is no straightforward way of handling adhesive restorative materials that can guarantee the reliability of a restoration. At present, the practitioner has to coexist with the problem of polymerization shrinkage and destructive shrinkage stress. However, evolving improvements associated with resin-based composite materials, dental adhesives, filling, and light curing techniques have improved the predictability of such restorations. This critical review paper is meant to be a useful contribution to the recognition and understanding of problems related to polymerization shrinkage and to provide clinicians with the opportunity to improve the quality of composite resin restorations.

The Smile Esthetic Index (SEI): A method to measure the esthetics of the smile. An intra-rater and inter-rater agreement study.

PURPOSE: To propose a method to measure the esthetics of the smile and to report its validation by means of an intra-rater and inter-rater agreement analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten variables were chosen as determinants for the esthetics of a smile: smile line and facial midline, tooth alignment, tooth deformity, tooth dischromy, gingival dischromy, gingival recession, gingival excess, gingival scars and diastema/missing papillae. One examiner consecutively selected seventy smile pictures, which were in the frontal view. Ten examiners, with different levels of clinical experience and specialties, applied the proposed assessment method twice on the selected pictures, independently and blindly. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Fleiss' kappa) statistics were performed to analyse the intra-rater and inter-rater agreement. RESULTS: Considering the cumulative assessment of the Smile Esthetic Index (SEI), the ICC value for the inter-rater agreement of the 10 examiners was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.51 to 0.72), representing a substantial agreement. Intra-rater agreement ranged from 0.86 to 0.99. Inter-rater agreement (Fleiss' kappa statistics) calculated for each variable ranged from 0.17 to 0.75. CONCLUSION: The SEI was a reproducible method, to assess the esthetic component of the smile, useful for the diagnostic phase and for setting appropriate treatment plans.

Translucent fiber post cementation using a light-curing adhesive/composite system: SEM analysis and pull-out test.

OBJECTIVES: The performance of both light-curing and dual-cured adhesive/luting systems (as control), when used in combination with translucent fibre posts, was evaluated by means of pull-out test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM ) observation. METHODS: Forty root canal treated teeth were randomly divided into two groups of 20 specimens each. Group 1 light-curing system: Excite and Tetric Flow; Group 2 dual cured system: All Bond 2+RelyX ARC. Translucent, double taper fibre posts were used (2.1/1.4mm diameter). The teeth were stored in NaCl 0.9% solution at 37 degrees C. A week later, the pull-out test was carried out on all specimens. Ten tested specimens for each group and their corresponding posts were processed for SEM observation. Statistical analysis was performed applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by T-test as post-hoc comparison at a significance level set at p<0.05. RESULTS: There is no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the light-curing system group (275.2+/-58.9N) and the dual cured one (301.4+/-40.1N). SEM observations confirm a good bond between the dentine and the post whatever the curing method employed. CONCLUSIONS: Dual curing of the All Bond 2+RelyX ARC system seems to be the most appropriate method since it allows to cure even those areas which would not be otherwise reached by light. On the other hand, in apical areas, the incomplete curing of the Excite+Tetric Flow system could improve the post adaptation and allow the achievement of both an improved apical seal and a more even distribution of the stress along the canal walls.

Color stability of bleached teeth over time: an in vitro study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro color stability of bleached teeth by means of a 6-day staining procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 caries-free randomly divided into two groups. Test group: a bleaching agent (Zoom 2, Discus Dental) was applied to the labial surfaces following the manufacturer's instructions. CONTROL GROUP: no bleaching treatment. using a thermo-cycling device, all teeth were alternately immersed in a 0.9% saline solution at 37 °C for 1 hour, and in a coffee solution at 55 °C for another hour, in order to simulate the natural tooth-staining process. This procedure was repeated 12 times a day for 6 days. Teeth were polished once a day with a rubber cup and polishing paste. CIELAB color variables (L, a, b) were assessed by means of a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade®) and a custom alignment device at baseline, after bleaching, and once a day throughout the 6-day staining treatment. The bleaching result and the color stability of bleached and control group teeth were assessed by matched pair t test and MANOVA. RESULTS: The bleaching agent had a significant whitening effect. The staining treatment did not produce any significant color change on bleached teeth, which maintained the same whiteness achieved after the bleaching treatment. The staining treatment did not produce any significant color change on control teeth. The two groups showed significant differences in both whiteness and lightness changes as a result of the polishing treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The Zoom 2 whitening agent produced immediate and long-lasting bleaching results, even if the reduction of b value mainly occurred 24 and 48 hours after the bleaching treatment.

A randomized clinical trial comparing at-home and in-office tooth whitening techniques: A nine-month follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this split-mouth, randomized controlled trial was to compare the whitening results of at-home and in-office tooth bleaching techniques and the longevity of their effects at nine months after teeth had been bleached. METHODS: The authors conducted a study involving a 14-day bleaching period, during which the first maxillary premolars of 17 participants, who were 20 to 25 years of age, were bleached by means of either an at-home technique involving 10 percent carbamide peroxide or an in-office technique involving 38 percent hydrogen peroxide. The authors recorded color variables as proposed by the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage-lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*)-by using a spectrophotometer at baseline and at one week, one month and nine months after bleaching. They also calculated a whiteness (W) index that was based on the distance of the color value in the color space from a nominal white point. RESULTS: At the nine-month recall visit, comparison between the at-home and the in-office techniques did not show significantly different values for L* (P = .448), a* (P = .350), b* (P = .144) and W (P = .151) color variables. None of the participants experienced any adverse events related to the bleaching during the treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: The study results showed no clinically significant difference in bleaching efficacy. Both techniques produced satisfactory and long-lasting bleaching results. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: In young adults, either the at-home or the in-office technique can be used effectively.

Translucent fiber post cementation using light- and dual-curing adhesive techniques and a self-adhesive material: push-out test.

OBJECTIVES: To compare, by means of the push-out test, the interfacial strength of two dual resin cements and one light-curing cement when used in translucent fiber post cementation. METHODS: Thirty-nine, endodontically treated, single canal, extracted human bicuspids were selected. Translucent fiber posts (RelyX Fiber Post) were luted into the root canal using three resinous luting systems (n=13). Dual-curing technique (DC): the specimens were treated with Excite DSC and RelyX ARC, which were light-cured simultaneously through the post for 60s. Self-adhesive dual-curing technique (SADC): the specimens were treated with RelyX Unicem, which was light-cured through the post for 60s. Light-curing technique (LC): the specimens were treated with Excite DSC and Tetric Flow, which were simultaneously light-cured through the post for 60s. The specimens were transversally sectioned into six slices in order to perform the push-out test. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey-Kramer test for post-hoc comparisons at alpha=0.05. RESULTS: At every region, results did not show any statistical difference between the DC and LC techniques. With the LC technique bond strength values were lower at the apical region than those recorded at the coronal and middle regions. At the coronal and middle regions, bond strength values for the SADC technique were lower than those resulting when using the other two techniques. At the apical region, there was not significant difference in bond strength between the luting techniques tested. CONCLUSIONS: The interfacial strength between light-curing cement and root canal is equivalent to the interfacial strength between dual-curing cement and root canal.