Evaluation of lung pathology in an experimental model of tracheal foreign body.

AIM: This experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the pathological changes caused by foreign body aspiration (FBA) on the lungs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed on 19 Wistar albino rats. The rats in the control group (n = 5) were not subjected to any procedures. The rats in the sham group (n = 5) underwent tracheostomy, and a feeding tube was inserted into each rat. In nine rats in Group 1 (the study group), small lead marbles were placed into their trachea in addition to the procedures applied in the sham group. Lung tomography was performed on all the rats. The lungs, heart, and trachea were removed en bloc under ketamine hydrochloride anesthesia and fixed in 10 % formalin solution at the end of one week. The lung tissues were examined for FB, perivascular and peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, intra-alveolar bleeding, and post-obstructive emphysema. RESULTS: Tomography revealed FB in 4 rats and pathological evaluation showed FB in 7 rats. All the rats in Group 1 had peribronchial inflammation, while 7 rats (77.8 %) had perivascular inflammation. The sham and control groups were collectively referred to as Group 2 because of statistically similar findings. Group 1 and Group 2 significantly differed with respect to the findings of perivascular and peribronchial inflammation, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, and emphysema (p < 0.05). In Group 1, inflammation was detected in the opposite lobe of the lungs, although there was no FB. CONCLUSION: The presence of inflammation in the opposite lobe of the lungs where no FB was placed and in even those rats that expectorated the FB suggests that FBA is not a local pathology but a general pathology inducing inflammation in the whole lung. Thus, urgent removal of a foreign body is vital.

The comprehensive evaluation of temporomandibular disorders seen in rheumatoid arthritis.

BACKGROUND: We studied clinical signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and radiological changes in the temporomandibular joint from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to patients with myofascial pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular system and control patients to evaluate clinical and radiological relationships. METHODS: A cross-sectional, controlled, clinical and radiological study was planned and 99 subjects (69 patients and 30 controls) were included in the study. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients with RA (69.7 per cent) had painful temporomandibular joint. Fifty-five per cent had myofascial pain dysfunction according to the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Nearly all of our patients with RA (93.9 per cent) had symptoms, and almost all of them had positive findings of TMD in high resolution computed tomography. Condylar head resorption, joint space narrowing and degeneration were statistically more prominent features in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls (p < 0.05). The pain score on active palpation correlated with the number of the mandibular subchondral cysts on high resolution computed tomography (r = 0.6, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although the myofascial pain of the temporomandibular system is an important cause of pain in rheumatoid arthritis, prospective controlled studies are needed to develop effective therapeutic strategies for these patients.

Female genitalia hydatidosis herniating to the inguinal canal.

Hydatid disease of the female genitalia presents a rare problem in gynecology formerly limited to only a few parts of the world. Primary pelvic hydatidosis is uncommon, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. We report one case of primary hydatid cysts and another case of secondary hydatid cysts of the female genitalia that herniated to the inguinal canal.