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1.
Rev Med Liege ; 76(5-6): 507-514, 2021 05.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34080388

RESUMO

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women and is linked in over 95 % of cases to papillomavirus infection, the incidence of which has fallen in recent years due to screening and vaccination. Almost half of these cancers are diagnosed at a locally advanced stage with an overall 5-year survival of around 65 %. In recent decades, the management strategy of these locally advanced cancers has changed considerably and has allowed the improvement of survival but above all of local control as well as the reduction of toxicity, due to the implementation of imaging. Standard treatment consists of external beam radiation therapy combined with concomitant chemotherapy followed by intrauterine brachytherapy. The role of neo-adjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy is still being evaluated. New therapeutic approaches (particularly immunotherapy) in addition to standard treatment are also being studied.


Le cancer du col de l'utérus est le quatrième cancer le plus fréquent chez la femme et est lié, dans sup�rieur a 95 % des cas, à une infection par le papillomavirus, dont l'incidence a chuté ces dernières années grâce au dépistage et à la vaccination. Près de la moitié de ces cancers sont diagnostiqués à un stade localement avancé avec une survie globale à 5 ans de l'ordre de 65 %. Ces dernières décennies, la stratégie de prise en charge de ces cancers localement avancés a considérablement changé. Elle a permis l'amélioration de la survie, mais surtout du contrôle local, ainsi que la réduction de la toxicité, grâce notamment à l'implémentation de l'imagerie. Le traitement standard consiste en une radiothérapie externe associée à une chimiothérapie concomitante, suivie d'une curiethérapie intra-utérine. La place de la chimiothérapie néo-adjuvante et adjuvante est toujours en cours d'évaluation. De nouvelles approches thérapeutiques (immunothérapie), en complément du traitement standard, sont aussi à l'étude.


Assuntos
Braquiterapia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Feminino , Humanos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/terapia
2.
Rev Med Liege ; 72(1): 10-13, 2017 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28387071

RESUMO

Actinomycosis is a rare chronic disease caused by a group of anaerobic Gram positive bacteria. It may mimic a neoplasia at various anatomical levels. A pelvic localization is exceptional but has an increasing incidence since the use of intrauterine devices. In such cases, pelvic actinomycosis may present as a gynecological or a lower colonic malignancy. For all atypical clinical, with a prominent infectious or inflammatory context, the diagnosis of actinomycosis must be suggested and discussed with the pathologist to whom the biopsy will be submitted. In the absence of a preoperative diagnosis, an inadequately aggressive pelvic surgery might be performed and rendered particularly complex due to the adherent and diffusely inflammatory pattern of the disease. The treatment of choice remains a long-term therapy with antibiotics that leads to a complete clinical and radiological response in the majority of cases. We report the case of a 27-year-old woman with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of rectal carcinoma but with limited preoperative biopsy that revealed a pelvic actinomycosis and allowed a conservative and successful antibacterial treatment.


L'actinomycose est une pathologie bactérienne rare pouvant prendre un aspect pseudo-tumoral. La localisation pelvienne est exceptionnelle, mais d'incidence croissante depuis l'utilisation des dispositifs intra-utérins. La présentation peut alors évoquer une néoplasie gynécologique ou colique basse. Devant tout tableau clinique atypique suggérant une malignité pelvienne mais dominé par un contexte infectieux et/ou inflammatoire, le diagnostic d'actinomycose doit être évoqué et discuté avec le collègue anatomo-athologiste auquel les prélèvements histologiques seront soumis. En l'absence de diagnostic pré-opératoire, une chirurgie radicale peut être pratiquée de manière inadéquate et se révéler particulièrement délabrante en raison du caractère adhérent et diffusément inflammatoire de la lésion. Le traitement de choix est une antibiothérapie au long cours amenant à une résolution clinique et radiologique complète dans la majorité des cas. Nous rapportons le cas d'une patiente de 27 ans chez laquelle un diagnostic de néoplasie rectale primitive est suggéré cliniquement et radiologiquement, mais chez qui les biopsies pré-opératoires limitées ont permis un diagnostic d'actinomycose pelvienne et un traitement conservateur.


Assuntos
Actinomicose/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pélvicas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pelve
3.
Rev Med Liege ; 71(10): 449-454, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28383853

RESUMO

Carcinomas of unknown primary (CUP) form a whole group of heterogeneous neoplasias. CUP are defined as metastatic epithelial tumors in which the initial work up has failed to detect the primary site. Their frequency is 3-5 % of the adult solid neoplasias. The prognosis is poor with a life expectancy of a few months (inferior to 1 year). The treatment depends on the histology and, particularly, on the metastatic localiza¬tion. Surgery with or without radiotherapy is the preferred treatment option for isolated lesions. Systemic chemotherapy (with platinum compound) will be recommended for multiple lesions. The genetic expression profile of tumor cells could be useful in the future to determine the site of the primary tumor and/or to offer the best therapy for each patient.


Les carcinomes de site primitif inconnu ou CaPI, forment un groupe d'entités pathologiques très hétérogènes de par leurs modes de révélation et leurs présentations cliniques. Le CaPI se définit par une tumeur épithéliale maligne, d'emblée métastatique, dont le site initial reste occulte au terme du bilan pré-thérapeutique exhaustif. Il représente 3 à 5 % des tumeurs solides malignes de l'adulte. Son pronostic est sombre avec une médiane de survie allant de 6 à 10 mois. La thérapeutique sera fonction de l'histologie tumorale, de la localisation métastatique et de la suspicion d'origine du primitif. En présence d'une néoplasie localisée, une prise en charge chirurgicale accompagnée ou non d'une radiothérapie sera proposée; en cas de dissémination métastatique multiple, une chimiothérapie systémique à base de sels de platine est recommandée. L'espoir réside dans l'analyse du profil moléculaire, afin de définir avec précision l'origine tumorale primitive et d'offrir la thérapeutique la mieux adaptée possible.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Primárias Desconhecidas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias Desconhecidas/epidemiologia , Aborto Eugênico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Gravidez , Complicações Neoplásicas na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Prognóstico
4.
Rev Med Liege ; 70(4): 195-200, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26054171

RESUMO

The incidence of cancer is raising and the treatments are increasingly aggressive. Consequently, general practitioners, emergency departments, hematologists and oncologists are regularly facing a severe side-effect of cytotoxic therapy, febrile neutropenia (FN). FN is a serious complication of chemotherapy because it can be quickly fatal and causes a temporary or definitive cessation of treatment. In this article, we summarize the latest recommendations for the management of patients with FN under anti-cancer treatments.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Neutropenia Febril Induzida por Quimioterapia/terapia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neutropenia Febril Induzida por Quimioterapia/diagnóstico , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Fatores de Risco
5.
Rev Med Liege ; 70(11): 563-8, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26738268

RESUMO

Discordances between hormone receptors and HER2 status in primary and metastatic breast cancer have been reported by several studies. In this context, systematic biopsies could be clinically relevant in breast cancer to confirm the biological characteristics of a suspicious lesion. In this article, illustrated by 2 case reports and based on a recent review on this topic, we discuss the clinical significance of receptor discordances and possible diagnosis of a secondary primary tumor. The role of these biopsies for the identification of new therapeutic targets is also envisaged as well as underlying mechanisms for receptors' modification like tumoral heterogeneity, clonal selection and technical artifacts.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Lobular/patologia , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/patologia , Idoso , Biópsia , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/metabolismo , Carcinoma Lobular/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo
6.
Rev Med Liege ; 64(7-8): 409-13, 2009.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19777923

RESUMO

The Stewart-Treves Syndrome is defined as an angiosarcoma (very aggressive malignant tumor originating from endothelial cells) appearing in a specific clinical setting. This tumor develops in patients suffering from chronic lymphedema of the upper limb following mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. The diagnosis relies on medical history, clinical examination and a histological assesment (biopsy or resection). This syndrome represents a rare clinical entity. Unfortunately, the prognosis is poor. A large surgical resection is the treatment of choice if the patient is a candidate for a surgical resection with a curative intent Radiotherapy is sometimes used as a palliative local treatment. Chemotherapy is only used in more advanced cases, not curable by surgery alone.


Assuntos
Braço/patologia , Linfangiossarcoma/diagnóstico , Linfedema/complicações , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo/efeitos adversos , Linfangiossarcoma/etiologia , Linfangiossarcoma/terapia , Linfedema/etiologia , Mastectomia/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/etiologia , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/terapia , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Síndrome
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