Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/uso terapêutico , Isquemia/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuromusculares/uso terapêutico , Doença de Raynaud/complicações , Escleroderma Sistêmico/complicações , Dedos do Pé/irrigação sanguínea , Úlcera/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Isquemia/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Úlcera/etiologiaAssuntos
Edema/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Mucocutânea/diagnóstico , Doenças Labiais/parasitologia , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Doença Crônica , Edema/patologia , Humanos , Leishmaniose Mucocutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Leishmaniose Mucocutânea/patologia , Doenças Labiais/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Labiais/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
On the basis of the Einstein theory of viscosity of dispersion, a parameter, termed as solvation factor, is presented to evaluate the solvation degree of nanoscale particles dispersed in a liquid in this work. The value of the parameter is obtained through the measurements of relative viscosity of the dispersions as a function of the volume fraction of dry particles. The solvation factor has been used to study the hydration layers near nanoscale silica particles dispersed in water and aqueous electrolyte (NaCl and CaCl2) solutions in this work. The experimental results have shown that a strong hydration indeed applied to the silica surfaces in aqueous solutions, leaving a large volume of hydration layers on the surfaces. Also, it has been found that the hydration of the nanoscale silica particles could be greatly enhanced if they were dispersed in aqueous NaCl or CaCl2 solutions, which might be attributed to that the hydrated cations (Na+ or Ca2+) bind onto the silica/ water interface and thus increase the volume of the hydration layers.