[Clinical manifestations of cross-allergic reactions to food among children].

Scientists have recently studied the frequency and possible forms of clinical manifestations of cross-reactivity to food among 239 of Abakan at the age from 6 month to 15 years with skin, respiratory and combined manifestation of atopy It was proved that risk factors of development of cross-reactivity to food occur among 80% of children who have various forms of allergic diseases moreover the cross allergic reactions between the foodstuffs most frequently occur with the gastrointestinal and with skin forms of food allergy and the cross allergic reactions between the pollen and food allergens more frequently occut with the respiratory forms of atopy and dermorespiratory syndrome. Considerably more rarely this type of reactions is discovered between the epidermal and food allergens, which most frequently were revealed with the dermatorespiratory syndrome.

[Statistical analysis of enhancers of a series of eukaryotic genes]. / Statisticheskii analiz énkhanserov riada éukarioticheskikh genov.

Consensus sequences of transcription factors IRF, E12/E47, MBF1 and MyoD1 were represented as combination of the short oligonucleotide patterns ("enhansones"). The ad hoc computer program was employed for analysis of distribution and localization of these patterns on the sequences of interferons, immunoglobulins, metallothioneins and muscle-specific genes. The set of patterns was strictly specific for each gene family. In enhancer regions of almost all genes from mentioned families patterns were gathered in compact groups surrounding the operator sites. This empirical rule is true for genes where two conditions were fulfilled. (1) Operator site consists of tandem or inverted repeat of the short oligonucleotide motif, for instance GAAA-GAA in interferons or CCA-TGG in immunoglobulins. (2) Multiplication of the operator site leads to increase of enhancer activity because of cooperative interactions between transcriptions factors.

[Common and peculiar features of the interaction of hemoglobins with hydrated dipalmitoyllecithin]. / Obshchnost' i osobennosti vzaimodeistvii gemoglobinov s gidratirovannym dipal'mitoilletsitinom.

It was demonstrated that human and horse hemoglobin variants having quantitative difference in the interaction with dipalmitoyllecithin exhibit features of generality. The latter is manifested in the established hydrophobic contacts between protein and lipid in hydrated films discovered by IR spectroscopy. The arrangement of hydrophobicity profiles of hemoproteins demonstrated in amino acid sequences of chains the existence of intermittent hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Such a composition of hemoglobins could underlie their property to participate in hydrophobic interactions with lipids.

[Possible mechanism of protomembrane generation in the early stages of biogenesis]. / Vozmozhnyi mekhanizm generatsii protomembran na rannikh étapakh biogeneza.

In experiments on lipid monolayer formed on water surface, It has been shown that supercompression results in the irreversible outflux of lipid molecules from the monolayer to sub-phase. Mechanism is suggested by which supercompression of monolayer leads to formation of ripples which later produce bilayer vesicles. Presumably, this mechanism played an important role-in generation or protomembranes.

[Evaluation of lung surfactant function in terms of lipid monolayer micromechanics]. / Otsenka funktsionirovaniia surfaktanta legkikh s pozitsii mikromekhaniki lipidnogo monosloia.

The analysis of compression isotherms of lipid monolayers and thermodynamical estimation of the conditions of the formation of layered systems underlies the explanation of some details of lung surfactant work. When the chemical potential of the monolayer during compression reaches the value of the chemical potential of the liquid bilayer membrane free of the mechanical stress, the conversion of monolayer into bilayer phase commences by means of squeezing out of monolayer in subphase creating bilayer ripples. During inspiration when alveolar surface expands, ripples turn back. Hence, in the course of normal breathing the process is quazi-reversible. During forced breathing definite losses of surfactant in the subphase can occur due to closing of ripples tending to minimize the edge energy. On the other hand, the edge is the place of instability of bilayer where fusing of lipid aggregates with edge takes place enriching thus monolayer by the lipid molecules. It is suggested that the treatment of newborn respiratory distress syndrome necessitates the new ways of the enrichment of a monolayer with lipids from the subphase or the ways for inhalation of lipidic suspension having the morphology of the inverted phases.

[Risk factors and etiological structure of children's cross-allergic reactions to food products]. / Faktory riska i étiologicheskaia struktura perekrestnykh allergicheskikh reaktsii na pishchevye produkty u detei.

Authors of article have recently analyzed the frequency of prevalence and risk factors of cross-reactivity to foodstuffs among 239 children of Abakan in the age of from 6 months till 15 years with skin, respiratory and combined manifestation of atopy. It was proved that risk factors of development of cross-reactivity to food among children of the first years of life are hereditary predisposition to allergic diseases (77.8%) and early introductions of supplemental feeding (44%). Among children older then 7 years pollen sensitization (62%) which preceded the development of cross allergic reactions between separate foodstuffs reaches up to 73.7%, between pollen and foodstuff up to 79% and between epidermal and food up to 10.1%.

[Tension-type headache and mental disorders in children].

Based on the analysis of current literature, the authors reviewed diagnostic aspects and the relationship between tension-type headache (TH) and mental disorders in 78 children, aged from 7 to 15 years, admitted to a neurological unit in 2004-2007 and in 45 children admitted to a psychiatric hospital. The latter group included 22 patients with depressive episodes, 11 with anxiety-phobic disorder and 12 with schizotypal personality disorder. The comparison of clinical features of headache in these groups revealed that TH was associated with mental disorders and chronic TH in most cases was a symptom of a mental disease (primarily depression). The authors stress the importance of the interdisciplinary approach to investigation, diagnosis and treatment of chronic headache in children.

[Cognitive functions, social functioning and self-esteem in young male patients with adolescence onset schizotypal disorder].

The results of psychological examination of 33 male patients with a diagnosis of schizotypal disorder (SD), mean age 22 years, with age at onset in adolescence and 20 healthy young men are presented. Cognitive performance in patients with SD did not differ from healthy people on all measures, with the exception of social adaptation. There was a trend towards the change of normative responses and, respectively, estimation of the results of psychological techniques. The data suggest that personality deficits play a more significant role in the social maladaptation of patients with SD than cognitive impairment.

[Treatment of comorbid obsessive-compulsive and depressive disorders in children age].

Efficacy and safety of sertraline (zoloft) have been assessed in 26 patients, aged from 7 to 15 years, with depressive states of different severity and psychopathological structure which are combined with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Changes in patient's status are analyzed using psychometric scales during 6 weeks of treatment. It has been concluded that Zoloft is effective and safe drug for the treatment of mild to moderate depressive disorders concomitant to obsessive-compulsive disorders in children age.

[Differences in the EEG synchrony between healthy children and adolescents and patients with schizophrenia].

In this paper, we have used a method for EEG synchrony estimation (an analysis of correlation synchrony of EEG. EEG recording was performed in a group of children and adolescents, aged 8-15 years, normal group (n=40) and schizophrenic group (n=30). One of the basic features of the integrated EEG picture is the presence of a pathology of extended zones of sharply lowered EEG-synchrony dividing the local and isolated areas in frontal and occipital regions, mainly of normal or sometimes raised synchrony. Also, there were significant correlations of synchrony estimates with memory and attention. The results obtained are in line with the theory of disintegration of cortical electrical activity in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. It is important that the used method provides the high reliability (up to 100%) of the differentiation between normalcy and a pathology.

[Clinical peculiarities of the first depressive episodes in adolescents]. / Klinicheskie osobennosti pervykh depressivnykh épizodov u podrostkov.

Seventy-three adolescents, aged 10-15 years, have been examined. According to analysis of development and psychopathological structure of depressive state and personality changes as well as of the features of premanifesting and initial stages, nosology of the disorders studied has been established. First depressive episodes were observed in 26 patients with attack-like and slow-progredient schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20; F21), and in 29 patients with affective disorder (F32; F33). Three types of first depressive episode-melancholic, anxious, dysphoriac--were determined. In a group with indefinite diagnosis (18 patients), differentiation of a state was conducted between schizophrenia, atypical puberty and affective disorder in accentuated personality.

[The characteristics of the psychoemotional background and child rearing in families with parents in prison]. / Osobennosti psikhoémotsional'nogo fona i vospitanie detei v sem'iakh roditelei-zakliuchennykh.

The results of a comprehensive sociohygienic study persuasively prove that a family with one parent imprisoned is characterized by a strained psychological situation with frequent conflicts due to, primarily, financial and communal problems and upbringing of children. The mothers are often cruel to their children and pay little attention to them. Moreover, the physical and mental development of the overwhelming majority of children in such families is decelerated. Hence, study of the life style and health status of children in families with parents in prison should become an object of special attention of medical workers, teachers, and psychologists.

[An experience of the application of rispolept in childhood schizophrenia]. / Opyt primeneniia preparata rispolept pri shizofrenii detskogo vozrasta.

The efficiency of rispolept was examined in open non-comparative study which included 32 patients 6.5-16 years of age with schizophrenic spectrum disorders. Efficiency of the drug was estimated by clinical psychopathologic method together with the evaluation according to the PANSS. 5 patients were additionally estimated according to the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) for the obsessive-compulsive disorders (a children version). The drug was used during 6 weeks in therapeutic doses from 4 to 8 mg/day. Reduction of the symptoms was 42% according to the PANNS for the positive items and 39% for the negative ones. There was also a significant decrease of manifestations of the obsessive-compulsive symptomatology according to CY-BOCS and of the depressive symptomatology according to the PANSS. Side effects comprised by vasotonic reactions (2 cases), oculomotor (2 cases) and torsion (one case) dyskinesias, which quickly disappeared after the correctors' administration. Extrapyramidal disorders were observed only after the increase of the dose up to 6-8 mg/day (3 cases). Results of the study have shown a high therapeutic efficiency of rispolept for childhood schizophrenia.