Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 34
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Base de dados
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Cell ; 173(3): 581-594.e12, 2018 04 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29656895

RESUMO

Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibits a broad range of metastatic phenotypes that have not been systematically studied to date. Here, we analyzed 575 primary and 335 metastatic biopsies across 100 patients with metastatic ccRCC, including two cases sampledat post-mortem. Metastatic competence was afforded by chromosome complexity, and we identify 9p loss as a highly selected event driving metastasis and ccRCC-related mortality (p = 0.0014). Distinct patterns of metastatic dissemination were observed, including rapid progression to multiple tissue sites seeded by primary tumors of monoclonal structure. By contrast, we observed attenuated progression in cases characterized by high primary tumor heterogeneity, with metastatic competence acquired gradually and initial progression to solitary metastasis. Finally, we observed early divergence of primitive ancestral clones and protracted latency of up to two decades as a feature of pancreatic metastases.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Mutação , Metástase Neoplásica , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Biópsia , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos Humanos Par 14 , Cromossomos Humanos Par 9 , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenótipo , Estudos Prospectivos , Trombose , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Mod Pathol ; 35(6): 836-849, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34949766

RESUMO

Most succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) demonstrate stereotypical morphology characterized by bland eosinophilic cells with frequent intracytoplasmic inclusions. However, variant morphologic features have been increasingly recognized. We therefore sought to investigate the incidence and characteristics of SDH-deficient RCC with variant morphologies. We studied a multi-institutional cohort of 62 new SDH-deficient RCCs from 59 patients. The median age at presentation was 39 years (range 19-80), with a slight male predominance (M:F = 1.6:1). A relevant family history was reported in 9 patients (15%). Multifocal or bilateral tumors were identified radiologically in 5 patients (8%). Typical morphology was present at least focally in 59 tumors (95%). Variant morphologies were seen in 13 (21%) and included high-grade nuclear features and various combinations of papillary, solid, and tubular architecture. Necrosis was present in 13 tumors, 7 of which showed variant morphology. All 62 tumors demonstrated loss of SDHB expression by immunohistochemistry. None showed loss of SDHA expression. Germline SDH mutations were reported in all 18 patients for whom the results of testing were known. Among patients for whom follow-up data was available, metastatic disease was reported in 9 cases, 8 of whom had necrosis and/or variant morphology in their primary tumor. Three patients died of disease. In conclusion, variant morphologies and high-grade nuclear features occur in a subset of SDH-deficient RCCs and are associated with more aggressive behavior. We therefore recommend grading all SDH-deficient RCCs and emphasize the need for a low threshold for performing SDHB immunohistochemistry in any difficult to classify renal tumor, particularly if occurring at a younger age.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais , Neoplasias Renais , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células Renais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Renais/genética , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Necrose , Succinato Desidrogenase/genética , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Ultrasound Med ; 41(2): 335-342, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33780025

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing myometrial infiltration (MI) in patients with low grade endometrioid endometrial cancer. METHODS: Observational prospective study performed at a single tertiary care center from 2016 to 2020, comprising 156 consecutive patients diagnosed by endometrial sampling as having an endometrioid grade 1/grade 2 endometrial cancer. TVS and MRI were performed prior to surgical staging for assessing MI, which was estimated using subjective examiner's impression and Karlsson's method for both TVS and MRI. During surgery, intraoperative assessment of MI was also performed. Definitive pathological study considered as reference standard. Diagnostic accuracy for ultrasound, MRI, and intraoperative biopsy was estimated and compared. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity of TVS for detecting deep MI were 75 and 73.5% for subjective impression and 65 and 70% for Karlsson method, respectively (P = .54). Sensitivity and specificity of MRI for detecting deep MI were 80 and 87% for subjective impression and 70 and 71.3% for Karlsson method. MRI subjective impression showed a significant better specificity than MRI Karlsson method (P = .03). MRI showed better specificity than TVS when subjective impression was considered (P <.05), but not for Karlsson method. Sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative were 75 and 97%, respectively. Intraoperative biopsy showed better specificity than ultrasound and MRI either using examiner's impression or Karlsson method (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: MRI revealed a significant higher specificity than TVS when assessing deep myometrial infiltration. However, the intraoperative biopsy offers a significant better diagnostic accuracy than preoperative imaging techniques.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Endometrioide , Neoplasias do Endométrio , Carcinoma Endometrioide/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Endometrioide/patologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Miométrio/diagnóstico por imagem , Miométrio/patologia , Invasividade Neoplásica/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estudos Prospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Ultrassonografia
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 21(6)2020 Mar 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32204550

RESUMO

The tumor-suppressor protein p16 is paradoxically overexpressed in cervical cancer (CC). Despite its potential as a biomarker, its clinical value and the reasons for its failure in tumor suppression remain unclear. Our purpose was to determine p16 clinical and biological significance in CC. p16 expression pattern was examined by immunohistochemistry in 78 CC cases (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix -SCCCs). CC cell proliferation and invasion were monitored by real-time cell analysis and Transwell® invasion assay, respectively. Cytoplasmic p16 interactors were identified from immunoprecipitated extracts by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and colocalization was confirmed by double-immunofluorescence. We observed that SCCCs showed significantly more cytoplasmic than nuclear p16 expression than HSILs. Importantly, nuclear p16 absence significantly predicted poor outcome in SCCC patients irrespective of other clinical parameters. Moreover, we demonstrated that cytoplasmic p16 interacted with CDK4 and other unreported proteins, such as BANF1, AKAP8 and AGTRAP, which could sequester p16 to avoid nuclear translocation, and then, impair its anti-tumor function. Our results suggest that the absence of nuclear p16 could be a diagnostic biomarker between HSIL and SCCC, and an independent prognostic biomarker in SCCC; and explain why p16 overexpression fails to stop CC growth.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/biossíntese , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Células HeLa , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Análise de Sobrevida , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico
5.
Ann Diagn Pathol ; 34: 27-30, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29661723

RESUMO

Immunohistochemistry is a basic routine in establishing the diagnosis of many tumors. However, immunomarkers are often irregularly distributed across different regions of the same tumor, alternating positive and negative areas without any apparent cause. Full identification of this type of intratumor heterogeneity is crucial for patients since the expression of many markers is linked to the prognosis and/or treatment of some tumors. We have quantified this variability testing 406 tumor samples from eight clear cell renal cell carcinomas using four epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers (vimentin, ZEB-1, ß-catenin, and E-cadherin) and two different sampling protocols. Routine sampling included an amount of 59 samples (average, 7.3 samples/case) and multisite tumor sampling did a total of 347 samples (average, 43.3 samples/case). High variability of immunostaining was detected with E-cadherin and ZEB-1 in all high-grade cases. Irregular patterns of expression were detected in all tumors including all histologically homogeneous low-grade tumors. Multisite tumor sampling protocol detected a significant decreased number of E-cadherin, ß-catenin and ZEB-1 positive samples in high-grade tumors. We conclude that high levels of intratumor heterogeneity characterize the immunohistochemical expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in high-grade clear cell renal cell carcinomas. Multisite tumor sampling protocol outperforms routine sampling in detecting immunohistochemical intratumor heterogeneity.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Heterogeneidade Genética , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Antígenos CD , Caderinas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Vimentina/metabolismo , Homeobox 1 de Ligação a E-box em Dedo de Zinco/metabolismo , beta Catenina/metabolismo
6.
Rep Pract Oncol Radiother ; 23(6): 510-516, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30534014

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate dosimetric and clinical findings of MRI-guided HDR brachytherapy (HDR-B) for cervical carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients had a CT, MRI and pelvic-paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Treatment: pelvic (+/-)para-aortic3D/IMRT radiotherapy (45 Gy), weekly cisplatin and HDR-B and pelvic node/parametrial boost 60 Gy until interstitial brachytherapy was done. Two implants: 2008-2011: 5 fractions of 6 Gy, 2011: 2016, 4 fractions of 7 Gy. MRI/TAC were done in each implant. The following were defined: GTV, CTH-HR, CTV-IR; OAR: rectum, bladder and sigmoid. RESULTS: From 2007 to 2016: 57 patients. Patients: T1b2-T2a: 4p, T2b 41p, T3a: 2p; T3B 8p T4a: 2p; N0: 32p, N1 21p, no lymphadenectomy: 4p. Median follow up: 74.6 m (16-122 m), recurrence: 5p local, 6p node, 9p metastasis and 37p without recurrence.Local control 5 years: 90.1%; Ib2-IIB: 94.8%, III-IVa: 72.2%. (p:0.01). RDFS 5y was 92.5%; IB2-IIB: 93%, III: 85% (p:0.024); for pN0: 100%; pN+ iliac-paraaortic: 71.4% (p: 0.007). MFS 5y was 84.1%. Overall survival (OS) at 5y: 66.6% and the cancer specific survival (CEOS) was 74%. Univariate analysis survival: stage Ib2-II 83% vs. III-IVa 41% (p = 0.001); histology: squamous 78%, adenocarcinoma 59.7% (p: ns); lymph node: N0 85% vs. PA+P- 72%, and PA+P+ 35% (p = 0.010). In relation with: HR-CTV dose > 85 Gy, CEOS: 82.5% vs. 77%, and volume CTV-HR < 30 cc: 81.8% and >30 cc: 67%; p: ns. Acute grade 2-3 toxicity: rectal 15.7%, intestinal 15.7% and vesical 15.5%. CONCLUSION: Use of interstitial HDR-BQ guided by RM increased CTV-HR dose and local control, like EMBRACE results. Nodal boost improves RDFS and perhaps OS.

7.
Int J Gynecol Pathol ; 36(2): 111-114, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27294606

RESUMO

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the vulva is rare and even moreso in postmenopausal women. Twenty-six cases of primary vulvar LCH have been described in the current literature, and only 8 cases are in postmenopausal women. We report an additional case of primary vulvar LCH in a 59-yr-old woman with subsequent multiorgan involvement. In this article, we briefly describe the clinical presentation, histopathological findings, and immunohistochemistry results of vulvar LCH. We want to emphasize the importance of recognizing this entity in a woman with vulvar lesions both for the clinician and the pathologist.


Assuntos
Histiocitose de Células de Langerhans/patologia , Doenças da Vulva/patologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vulva/patologia
8.
BMC Cancer ; 16: 194, 2016 Mar 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26951092

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Intratumor heterogeneity may be responsible of the unpredictable aggressive clinical behavior that some clear cell renal cell carcinomas display. This clinical uncertainty may be caused by insufficient sampling, leaving out of histological analysis foci of high grade tumor areas. Although molecular approaches are providing important information on renal intratumor heterogeneity, a focus on this topic from the practicing pathologist' perspective is still pending. METHODS: Four distant tumor areas of 40 organ-confined clear cell renal cell carcinomas were selected for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Tumor size, cell type (clear/granular), Fuhrman's grade, Staging, as well as immunostaining with Snail, ZEB1, Twist, Vimentin, E-cadherin, ß-catenin, PTEN, p-Akt, p110α, and SETD2, were analyzed for intratumor heterogeneity using a classification and regression tree algorithm. RESULTS: Cell type and Fuhrman's grade were heterogeneous in 12.5 and 60 % of the tumors, respectively. If cell type was homogeneous (clear cell) then the tumors were low-grade in 88.57 % of cases. Immunostaining heterogeneity was significant in the series and oscillated between 15 % for p110α and 80 % for Snail. When Snail immunostaining was homogeneous the tumor was histologically homogeneous in 100 % of cases. If Snail was heterogeneous, the tumor was heterogeneous in 75 % of the cases. Average tumor diameter was 4.3 cm. Tumors larger than 3.7 cm were heterogeneous for Vimentin immunostaining in 72.5 % of cases. Tumors displaying negative immunostaining for both ZEB1 and Twist were low grade in 100 % of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: Intratumor heterogeneity is a common event in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, which can be monitored by immunohistochemistry in routine practice. Snail seems to be particularly useful in the identification of intratumor heterogeneity. The suitability of current sampling protocols in renal cancer is discussed.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Fatores de Transcrição da Família Snail/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores
9.
Int J Gynecol Pathol ; 35(2): 118-22, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26535979

RESUMO

This paper presents a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical report of 2 gastrointestinal-type tumors, one in the endometrium and the other in the cervix. Both showed extensive invasion into the pelvic structures with acellular mucin, identical to pseudomyxoma but in the absence of appendiceal or ovarian tumors. Case 1 was an 81-yr-old female with a Stage III endometrial gastrointestinal-type adenocarcinoma who had had an endometrial polyp with intestinal metaplasia 4 years previously. Case 2 was a 68-yr-old female with Stage IIIB endocervical gastrointestinal-type adenocarcinoma. Both were associated with a pseudomyxoma type of invasion, which in the endometrial case was transmural through the myometrium, and in the cervical case involved parametria, pelvic floor, and lymph nodes. Immunohistochemically, both tumors had a gastrointestinal phenotype coexpressing cytokeratins 7 and 20, CDX2, villin, MUC2, MUC5AC, and MUC6 and were negative for human papillomavirus, analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The first case exemplifies intestinal endometrial metaplasia as a precursor lesion of the rare gastrointestinal type of adenocarcinoma and also proves its progression into carcinoma. The second case exemplifies the highly aggressive nature of cervical invasion forming mucin lakes. Extensive pseudomyxoma in the uterus and cervix was associated with high clinical stages with marked lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias Uterinas/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Invasividade Neoplásica
10.
Ann Diagn Pathol ; 20: 13-8, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26616721

RESUMO

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) frequently develops distant metastases. However, high-grade primary CCRCC rarely leads to low-grade metastases. Cellular changes occurring during neoplastic progression known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transitions explain this apparent contradiction. Four high-grade CCRCCs, which lead to low-grade metastases, are analyzed in this study, with the focus on epithelial-to-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-to-epithelial processes. Clinicopathologic data have been collected retrospectively and immunohistochemistry has been performed with E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, and WT-1. Three cases had organ-confined disease (2 pT2 and 1 pT1b). Three cases were G3 and 1 case was G4. Lung (3 cases), bone (2 cases), and pancreas (1 case) were the metastatic organs (2 patients developed multiple metastases). Metastases were G1 in all the cases. Average elapsed time between the primary tumor and the metastasis was 35.5 months. Three patients died of disease after 36, 120, and 180 months of follow-up, respectively. One patient is alive without disease after 75 months of follow-up. E-cadherin and N-cadherin showed concordant immunostaining patterns between primaries and metastases but inverse when correlated with Fuhrman grade. Hence, E-cadherin was positive in G3 cases and negative in G4, whereas N-cadherin was negative in G3 and positive in G4. Vimentin was positive in primaries and metastases only in 2 cases. WT-1 was consistently negative in all cases. In conclusion, pathologists must remember that high-grade CCRCC may develop low-grade metastases. Cadherin switching seems to be related to Fuhrman grade in this group of cases. This preliminary observation must be confirmed in longer studies.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/fisiologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estudos Retrospectivos
11.
Pathol Int ; 65(9): 476-85, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26222671

RESUMO

Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide. The hypermethylation of P16, TSLC-1 and TSP-1 genes was analyzed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and adenocarcinomas (ADC) of the uterine cervix (total 181 lesions). Additionally human papillomavirus (HPV) type, EPB41L3, RASSF1 and RASSF2 hypermethylation were tested in ADC and the results were compared with those obtained previously by our group in SCC. P16, TSLC-1 and TSP-1 hypermethylation was more frequent in SCCs than in CINs. These percentages and the corresponding ones for EPB41L3, RASSF1 and RASSF2 genes were also higher in SCCs than in ADCs, except for P16. The presence of HPV in ADCs was lower than reported previously in SCC and CIN. Patients with RASSF1A hypermethylation showed significantly longer disease-free survival (P = 0.015) and overall survival periods (P = 0.009) in ADC patients. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the EPB41L3 and RASSF2 hypermethylation in ADCs. These results suggest that the involvement of DNA hypermethylation in cervical cancer varies depending on the histological type, which might contribute to explaining the different prognosis of patients with these types of tumors.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Alphapapillomavirus/classificação , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Displasia do Colo do Útero/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Alphapapillomavirus/genética , Alphapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de Transcrição de Zíper de Leucina e Hélice-Alça-Hélix Básicos/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Molécula 1 de Adesão Celular , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/genética , Colo do Útero/patologia , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina , Metilação de DNA , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Testes de DNA para Papilomavírus Humano , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Prognóstico , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologia
12.
Int J Cancer ; 135(1): 88-95, 2014 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24382655

RESUMO

Contribution over time of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in human cancers has been poorly documented. Such data is fundamental to measure current HPV vaccines impact in the years to come. We estimated the HPV type-specific distribution in a large international series of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) over 70 years prior to vaccination. Paraffin embedded ICC cases diagnosed between 1940 and 2007 were retrieved from eleven countries in Central-South America, Asia and Europe. Included countries reported to have low-medium cervical cancer screening uptake. Information on age at and year of diagnosis was collected from medical records. After histological confirmation, HPV DNA detection was performed by SPF-10/DEIA/LiPA25 (version1). Logistic regression models were used for estimating the adjusted relative contributions (RC) of HPV16 and of HPV18 over time. Among 4,771 HPV DNA positive ICC cases, HPV16 and HPV18 were the two most common HPVs in all the decades with no statistically significant variations of their adjusted-RC from 1940-59 to 2000-07 (HPV16-from 61.5 to 62.1%, and HPV18-from 6.9 to 7.2%). As well, the RC of other HPV types did not varied over time. In the stratified analysis by histology, HPV16 adjusted-RC significantly increased across decades in adenocarcinomas. Regarding age, cases associated to either HPV16, 18 or 45 were younger than those with other HPV types in all the evaluated decades. The observed stability on the HPV type distribution predicts a high and stable impact of HPV vaccination in reducing the cervical cancer burden in future vaccinated generations.


Assuntos
Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 18/genética , Invasividade Neoplásica/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Ásia , América Central , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Europa (Continente) , Feminino , Papillomavirus Humano 16/classificação , Papillomavirus Humano 16/patogenicidade , Papillomavirus Humano 18/classificação , Papillomavirus Humano 18/patogenicidade , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica/patologia , Inclusão em Parafina , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia
13.
Mod Pathol ; 26(8): 1111-22, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23542458

RESUMO

Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 2 (RASSF2) is a gene involved in the progression of several human cancers, including breast, colorectal and lung cancer. The aims of this study were to determine the hypermethylation of the gene in squamous cervical cancer and precursor lesions, along with that of RASSF1 and the recently described EPB41L3, and to analyze the potential prognostic role of these genes. Methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite sequencing were used to analyze the methylation status of RASSF2 and EPB41L3 gene in 60 squamous cervical cancer, 76 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias grade III, 16 grade II, 14 grade I and 13 cases of normal tissue adjacent to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. RASSF2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the re-expression of RASSF2 and EPB41L3 was analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR in HeLa, SiHa, C33A and A431 cell lines treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and/or trichostatin. RASSF1 hypermethylation and human papillomavirus type were also analyzed in all the cases by methylation-specific PCR and reverse line blot, respectively. RASSF2 hypermethylation was predominant in squamous cervical cancer (60.9%) compared with cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (4.2%) and was associated with a lower level of RASSF2 expression and vascular invasion in squamous cervical cancer. EPB41L3 and RASSF1 hypermethylations were also more frequent in cancer than in precursor lesions. Patients with RASSF2 hypermethylation had shorter survival time, independent of tumor stage (hazard ratio: 6.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.5-24.5). Finally, the expressions of RASSF2 and EPB41L3 were restored in several cell lines treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Taken together, our results suggest that RASSF2 potentially functions as a new tumor-suppressor gene that is inactivated through hypermethylation in cervical cancer and is related to the bad prognosis of these patients.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Metilação de DNA/genética , Genes Supressores de Tumor , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/mortalidade , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero
14.
Histopathology ; 63(5): 659-69, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23998425

RESUMO

AIMS: Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the genital skin of unknown aetiology. The role of LS in penile squamous cell carcinogenesis is not well characterized. HPV has been implicated in both, as have epigenetic changes. The presence of HPV and hypermethylation of the MGMT, p16, RASSF1, RASSF2, TSLC1 and TSP1 genes were studied in penile LS; MGMT, RASSF2 and TSLC1 hypermethylation in penile cancer and TSLC1 hypermethylation in vulvar LS and cancer extends previous results reported by our group. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-seven HPV genotypes and hypermethylation were evaluated by PCR/reverse-line-blot and methylation-specific PCR respectively, in 27 preputial LS, 24 penile SCC, 30 vulvar SCC, 21 vulvar LS and 22 normal skin cases. HPV66 was present in 3.7% of penile LS cases, and p16 and RASSF2 hypermethylation were more frequent in penile cancer than in penile LS. p16, RASSF1, RASSF2 and TSP1 hypermethylation were similar in penile and vulvar LS. CONCLUSIONS: Gene hypermethylation is a common event in penile LS, and occurs approximately as frequently as in vulvar LS. Certain genes can be hypermethylated as an early or late event in LS or cancer, respectively. This suggests a possible sequential role for these alterations in the transition from benign to malignant lesions.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Metilação de DNA , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/genética , Neoplasias Penianas/genética , Neoplasias Vulvares/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , Feminino , Humanos , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/patologia , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Neoplasias Penianas/patologia , Neoplasias Penianas/virologia , Neoplasias Vulvares/patologia , Neoplasias Vulvares/virologia
15.
Clin Pract ; 13(1): 288-296, 2023 Feb 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36826168

RESUMO

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is a rare event which it is specifically up to pathologists to bring to light correctly. The histological identification of such tumor-to-tumor cases is simple when the respective histologies are different but can be problematic if the case includes two carcinomas with similar cytoarchitecture viewed one inside the other under the microscope. We report four cases of this condition in which clear cell renal cell carcinoma is involved, either as a receptor or as a donor, and remark on the difficulties in recognizing some of them. Appropriate clinical-pathological correlation, including a review of the patient's antecedents and radiological exams, would be a great help in routinely identifying tumor-to-tumor metastases.

16.
Arch Pathol Lab Med ; 147(2): 177-184, 2023 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35639589

RESUMO

CONTEXT.­: Cardiac metastases are more prevalent than primary cardiac tumors, and although rare, the incidence is anticipated to increase with the extended survival of oncology patients. OBJECTIVE.­: To estimate the current incidence of cardiac metastasis from solid tumors in adult autopsies. DESIGN.­: Adult autopsy cases from 1984 through 2019 from patients diagnosed with any type of solid cancer were retrieved. The medical charts and pathologic autopsy data were reviewed in detail. RESULTS.­: A total of 1294 adult autopsies performed on patients diagnosed with any type of cancer within the past 35 years were reviewed. We found 124 secondary cardiac tumors. Eighty-five were due to cardiac involvement by solid tumors. Of these, 61 were true cardiac metastases of solid cancers. We focused on these 61 cases. The age range was 32 to 85 years. Forty-four patients were men and 17 were women. The lung was the most common primary site, with 21 cases (34.43%). The most frequent histologic type was carcinoma, with 54 cases (88.52%). The predominant layer of the heart involved was the pericardium, with 35 cases (57.38%). Twenty-one cases (34.43%) had pericardial effusion, with 4 being hemorrhagic. All cases had multiple extracardiac metastases, with 56 cases (91.8%) having distant metastases in 4 or more different organs. CONCLUSIONS.­: Cardiac metastasis is a rare occurrence, with an incidence of 4.71% (61 of 1294 cases) in our series. Lung cancer accounted for most of the cardiac metastases seen, and carcinomas were the most frequent histologic type. The pericardium was the most frequent location. Cardiac metastases occurred most frequently in cases of massive metastatic dissemination.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Cardíacas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Neoplasias do Timo , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Autopsia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Metástase Neoplásica , Melanoma Maligno Cutâneo
17.
Gynecol Oncol ; 124(3): 512-7, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22119990

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is critical to guide the introduction and to assess the impact of HPV prophylactic vaccines. This study aims to provide specific information for Spain. METHODS: 1043 histological confirmed ICC cases diagnosed from 1940 to 2007 from six Spanish regions were assembled. HPV DNA detection was performed by SPF(10) broad-spectrum PCR followed by deoxyribonucleic acid enzyme immunoassay and genotyping by reverse hybridization line probe assay (LiPA(25)) (version 1). RESULTS: Of 1043 ICC cases, 904 were HPV DNA positive (adjusted prevalence: 89.1%). The eight most common types, in decreasing order, were HPV 16, 18, 33, 31, 45, 35, 52 and 56, accounting for more than 90% of cases. HPV 16 and 18 contributed to 72.4% of all HPV positive ICC cases. In cervical adenocarcinomas, this contribution increased up to 94%. HPV 16 and 18 relative contributions showed a stable pattern over the 60 year study period. HPV 45, 18 and 16-positive ICC cases presented at younger ages than cases with other HPV types (adjusted mean age: 43.8, 45.2, 52.6 and 57.7 years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: HPV 16 and 18 accounted together for a 72.4% of positive cases, with no statistically significant changes in their relative contributions over the last decades. In 94% of cervical adenocarcinomas we identified at least one of the two HPV types included in the current vaccines (HPV 16/18). Results suggest a major impact of HPV vaccines on reduction of ICC burden in Spain in the HPV vaccinated cohorts.


Assuntos
Alphapapillomavirus/genética , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiologia , Adenocarcinoma/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Alphapapillomavirus/imunologia , Alphapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Genótipo , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 16/imunologia , Papillomavirus Humano 16/isolamento & purificação , Papillomavirus Humano 18/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 18/imunologia , Papillomavirus Humano 18/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/genética , Vacinas contra Papillomavirus/imunologia , Espanha/epidemiologia
18.
Int J Cancer ; 128(12): 2853-64, 2011 Jun 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20734389

RESUMO

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vulva is a heterogeneous disease, associated or not with vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS). The precursor role of LS in vulvar cancer is unclear. We studied the epigenetic alterations of RASSF1A, RASSF2A, p16, TSP-1 and MGMT genes in vulvar SCCs, LS associated with SCC, isolated LS and normal vulvar skin. Gene hypermethylation and human papillomavirus presence were evaluated by methylation-specific PCR and PCR/reverse line blot, respectively. High-risk human papillomavirus types were present in 16.7% of the patients with vulvar SCC. There were increasing percentages of hypermethylation of genes from isolated LS to LS associated with vulvar SCC and vulvar SCC. The genes were hypermethylated more frequently in vulvar SCC associated with LS than in those not associated with LS, MGMT and RASSF2A being unmethylated in LS not associated with vulvar SCC. TSP-1 hypermethylation was related to recurrence in patients with vulvar cancer. Conclusions are as follows: (i) the epigenetic inactivation of genes is a common event in vulvar SCC and is also present in adjacent lesions, implying a possible precursor role for these alterations; (ii) MGMT and RASSF2A hypermethylation are present exclusively in vulvar SCC and LS associated with SCC, and absent from isolated LS; and (iii) TSP-1 hypermethylation is a bad prognosis factor in vulvar SCC.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Metilação de DNA , Líquen Escleroso e Atrófico/genética , Neoplasias Vulvares/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Epigênese Genética , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase
19.
Cancers (Basel) ; 13(7)2021 Apr 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33917510

RESUMO

No therapeutic targets and molecular biomarkers are available in cervical cancer (CC) management. In other cancer types, micro-RNA-877-3p (miR-877-3p) has been associated with events relevant for CC development. Thus, we aimed to determine miR-877-3p role in CC. miR-877-3p levels were examined by quantitative-PCR in 117 cervical lesions and tumors. Effects on CC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated upon anti-miR-877-3p transfection. miR-877-3p dependent molecular mechanism was comprehensively explored by proteomics, dual-luciferase reporter assay, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Cervical tumors expressed higher miR-877-3p levels than benign lesions. miR-877-3p promoted CC cell migration and invasion, at least partly by modulating cytoskeletal protein folding through the chaperonin-containing T-complex protein 1 complex. Notably, miR-877-3p silencing synergized with paclitaxel. Interestingly, miR-877-3p downregulated the levels of an in silico-predicted target, ZNF177, whose expression and subcellular location significantly distinguished high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix (SCCCs). Cytoplasmic ZNF177 was significantly associated with worse progression-free survival in SCCC. Our results suggest that: (i) miR-877-3p is a potential therapeutic target whose inhibition improves paclitaxel effects; (ii) the expression and location of its target ZNF177 could be diagnostic biomarkers between HSIL and SCCC; and (iii) cytoplasmic ZNF177 is a poor-prognosis biomarker in SCCC.

20.
Cancers (Basel) ; 13(17)2021 Sep 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34503275

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) for the detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis compared to standard pathological ultrastaging in patients with early-stage endometrial cancer (EC). A total of 526 SLNs from 191 patients with EC were included in the study, and 379 SLNs (147 patients) were evaluated by both methods, OSNA and standard pathological ultrastaging. The central 1 mm portion of each lymph node was subjected to semi-serial sectioning at 200 µm intervals and examined by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry with CK19; the remaining tissue was analyzed by OSNA for CK19 mRNA. The OSNA assay detected metastases in 19.7% of patients (14.9% micrometastasis and 4.8% macrometastasis), whereas pathological ultrastaging detected metastasis in 8.8% of patients (3.4% micrometastasis and 5.4% macrometastasis). Using the established cut-off value for detecting SLN metastasis by OSNA in EC (250 copies/µL), the sensitivity of the OSNA assay was 92%, specificity was 82%, diagnostic accuracy was 83%, and the negative predictive value was 99%. Discordant results between both methods were recorded in 20 patients (13.6%). OSNA resulted in an upstaging in 12 patients (8.2%). OSNA could aid in the identification of patients requiring adjuvant treatment at the time of diagnosis.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA