RESUMO
In France, blood donations are tested in pools of 96 samples for parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA to discard plasma for fractionation when it contains high viral loads. Between January 2015 and March 2024, B19V-positive donations decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a strong rebound in 2023 and unusually high circulation during winter 2023/24 (ca 10 times higher December 2023-March 2024 vs the pre-pandemic period). Variations over time are probably related to measures implemented to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Infecções por Parvoviridae , Parvovirus B19 Humano , Humanos , Doação de Sangue , Doadores de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , DNA Viral/sangue , França/epidemiologia , Programas de Rastreamento , Pandemias , Infecções por Parvoviridae/sangue , Infecções por Parvoviridae/epidemiologia , Parvovirus B19 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Estações do Ano , Carga ViralRESUMO
The performance of SD Bioline rapid antigen test (RAT) was evaluated using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) as gold standard. A total of 718 nasal swabs, including 102 rRT-PCR positive and 616 rRT-PCR negative swabs, were tested. RAT demonstrates a sensitivity of 29·4% with a specificity of 100%. The positivity rate of RAT was highly associated with lower cycle threshold (Ct) values (P < 0·0001). The excellent specificity of the RAT allowed for the rapid identification of influenza cases. However, negative results should be verified by rRT-PCR test because of limitations observed in sensitivity.
Assuntos
Antígenos Virais/análise , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Cavidade Nasal/virologia , Orthomyxoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Adolescente , Camarões , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoensaio/métodos , Lactente , Masculino , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Streptococcus pneumoniae is rarely isolated from nosocomial infections. We report an outbreak of 4 nosocomial-acquired surgical site infections due to S pneumoniae after retropubic simple prostatectomy. The likely source was detected in the rhinopharynx of the surgeon. After the implementation of recommendations, no new cases have been recorded.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Infecções Pneumocócicas/epidemiologia , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/transmissão , Humanos , Nasofaringe/microbiologia , Médicos , Infecções Pneumocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Pneumocócicas/transmissão , Prostatectomia/efeitos adversos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/microbiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/transmissãoRESUMO
Preoperative samples in the context of complicated appendicitis (CA) are rarely collected, and there is no consensus regarding the optimal antibiotic therapy in children. To help optimize empirical preoperative treatment, we studied clinical and bacteriologic data from a prospective cohort of 93 children with CA in a French hospital. All the bacteria isolated from peritoneal fluids were identified, using phenotypic and/or molecular techniques. The most commonly recovered species were Escherichia coli (71%), Streptococcus group milleri (34%), anaerobes (20%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%). The association piperacillin-tazobactam is an accurate choice of empirical therapy as it is active against 97% of bacteria. A third-generation cephalosporin with metronidazole in association with an aminoglycoside is a good alternative. Although antibiotic use may be considered as an adjunct to surgical intervention of CA, the appropriate use of preoperative antibiotics is essential and must be constantly reevaluated according to the bacterial epidemiology.