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1.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) ; 108(2): 480-492, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38014877

RESUMO

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy changes and controls food intake. This study investigates the effect of a high-calorie diet (high fat diet [HFD], high carbohydrate diet [HCD] and high energy diet [HED]) on appetite and central AMPK in blunt snout bream. In the present study, fish (average initial weight 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were fed the control, HFD, HCD and HED in four replicates for 12 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the result showed that body mass index, specific growth rate, feed efficiency ratio and feed intake were not affected (p > 0.05) by dietary treatment. However, fish fed the HFD obtained a significantly higher (p < 0.05) lipid productive value, lipid gain and lipid intake than those fed the control diet, but no significant difference was attributed to others. Also, a significantly higher (p < 0.05) energy intake content was found in fish-fed HFD, HCD and HED than those given the control diet. Long-term HFD and HCD feeding significantly increased (p < 0.05) plasma glucose, glycated serum protein, advanced glycation end product, insulin and leptin content levels than the control group. Moreover, a significantly lower (p < 0.05) complex 1, 2 and 3 content was found in fish-fed HFD and HCD than in the control, but no differences (p > 0.05) were attributed to those in HED. Fish-fed HED significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) hypothalamic ampα 1 and ampα 2 expression, whereas the opposite trend was observed in the hypothalamic mammalian target of rapamycin than those in HFD and HCD compared to the control. However, hypothalamic neuropeptide y, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (pparα), acetyl-coa oxidase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in the HCD group, while the opposite was seen in cholecystokinin expression compared to those in the control group. Our findings indicated that the central AMPK signal pathway and appetite were modulated according to the diet's energy level to regulate nutritional status and maintain energy homoeostasis in fish.


Assuntos
Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP , Cyprinidae , Animais , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/genética , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Regulação do Apetite , Carboidratos , Cyprinidae/metabolismo , Dieta/veterinária , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Lipídeos , Mamíferos/metabolismo
2.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 141: 108996, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37579810

RESUMO

This investigation looks at the impact of oral bovine serum albumin (BSA) on antioxidants, immune responses, and inflammation signals in blunt snout bream fed a high-calorie diet. 480 fish (average weight: 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were randomly fed a control diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), a high carbohydrate diet (HCD), and a high-energy diet (HED) in six replicates for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish were orally administered with 10% BSA for 10 h, then blood and liver samples from five fish were randomly obtained after 10 h to determine plasma inflammatory markers and inorganic components. Also, the leftover fish were injected with thioacetamide, blood and liver samples were simultaneously obtained at 12, 48, and 96 h, respectively, to determine antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory signals, with survival rates recorded at the same time interval. After 10 h, plasma inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factors (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), nitric oxide (NO), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), and cortisol were significantly improved in fish fed HCD and HED as compared to the control. After thioacetamide stress, plasma lysozyme (LYM), complement 3, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and alkaline phosphatase activities, as well as immunoglobulin M, levels all increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing time with maximum value attained at 96 h, but shows no difference among dietary treatment. Similar results were observed in liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but tended to reduce at 96 h. nf-kb, tnf-α, and mcp-1 tend to decrease with the minimum value attained at 48 h and gradually decrease with increasing time at 96 h. After 96 h of the thioacetamide (TAA) challenge, the survival rate of blunt snout bream fed with an HFD and HCD was significantly lower (P < 0.05) at 48, and 96 h before the administration of BSA. However, no differences were observed among dietary treatments after the BSA administration. Overall, this study indicated that oral dietary administration of BSA might greatly enhance the antioxidant capability and innate immunity and mitigates inflammation signals after TAA stress in blunt snout bream fed high energy diet.


Assuntos
Cipriniformes , Soroalbumina Bovina , Animais , Ração Animal/análise , Antioxidantes , Dieta , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Imunidade Inata , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/veterinária , Tioacetamida , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa
3.
Aquac Nutr ; 2022: 7285851, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36860449

RESUMO

This research is aimed at evaluating the effects of leucine supplementation on muscle fibers growth and development of blunt snout bream through a feeding trial and a primary muscle cells treatment. An 8-week trial with diets containing 1.61% leucine (LL) or 2.15% leucine (HL) was conducted in blunt snout bream (mean initial weight = 56.56 ± 0.83 g). Results demonstrated that the specific gain rate and the condition factor of fish in the HL group were the highest. The essential amino acids content of fish fed HL diets was significantly higher than that fed LL diets. The texture (hardness, springiness, resilience, and chewiness), the small-sized fiber ratio, fibers density, and sarcomere lengths in fish all obtained the highest in the HL group. Additionally, the proteins expression related with the activation of the AMPK pathway (p-Ampk, Ampk, p-Ampk/Ampk, and Sirt1) and the expression of genes (myogenin (myog), myogenic regulatory factor 4 (mrf4) and myoblast determination protein (myod), and protein (Pax7) related to muscle fiber formation were significantly upregulated with increasing level of dietary leucine. In vitro, the muscle cells were treated with 0, 40 and 160 mg/L leucine for 24 h. The results showed that treated with 40 mg/L leucine significantly raised the protein expressions of BCKDHA, Ampk, p-Ampk, p-Ampk/Ampk, Sirt1, and Pax7 and the gene expressions of myog, mrf4, and myogenic factor 5 (myf5) in muscle cells. In summary, leucine supplementation promoted muscle fibers growth and development, which may be related to the activation of BCKDH and AMPK.

4.
Fish Physiol Biochem ; 2022 Dec 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36525145

RESUMO

The purpose of this research is to explore the interaction between dietary leucine and isoleucine levels on whole-body composition, plasma and liver biochemical indexes, amino acids deposition in the liver, and amino acid metabolism of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). The test fish (average weight: 56.00 ± 0.55 g) were fed one of six diets at random containing two leucine levels (1.70% and 2.50%) and three isoleucine levels (1.00%, 1.20%, and 1.40%) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the final weight and weight gain rate were the highest in the fish fed low-level leucine and high-level isoleucine diets (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the crude lipid content was significantly adjusted by diets with diverse levels of leucine and isoleucine (P < 0.05). In addition, interactive effects of these two branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were found on plasma total protein, blood ammonia, and blood urea nitrogen of test fish (P < 0.05). Additionally, the liver amino acid profiles were significantly influenced by the interactive effects of the two BCAAs (P < 0.05). Moreover, interactive effects of dietary leucine and isoleucine were significantly observed in the expressions of amino acid metabolism-related genes (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that dietary leucine and isoleucine had interaction. Meanwhile, the interaction between them was more conducive to the growth and quality improvement of blunt snout bream when the dietary leucine level was 1.70% and isoleucine level was 1.40%.

5.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 98: 10-18, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31911287

RESUMO

Two in vitro trials were conducted to identify a peptide with antioxidant activity and immunoenhancement from cottonseed meal protein hydrolysate (CPH) for fish. Primary hepatocytes of Megalobrama amblycephala were treated with CPH. In experiment 1, CPH significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT), total superoxide dismutase (t-SOD), catalase (CAT), and lysozyme activities, as well as up-regulated SOD, CAT, antimicrobial peptides 1 (Leap 1) and Leap 2 mRNA levels (p < 0.05). However, CPH significantly down-regulated the expression of NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2), Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and BTB and CNC homolog 1 (Bach1) mRNA (p < 0.05) in fish hepatocytes. Experiment 2 showed that the molecular mass of CPH was distributed mainly in the 700-1024 Da range. Peptide 1 (P1) and P2 significantly decreased GOT and GPT activities in conditioned medium (p < 0.05); however, P4 and P6 did not affect GOT and GPT activities (p > 0.05). Furthermore, P4 significantly increased hepatocyte GOT, GPT, t-SOD, CAT levels and lysozyme activities (p < 0.05), up-regulated SOD, CAT, Leap1 and Leap2 mRNA expression levels, and down-regulated the expression of Nrf2 and NOX2 mRNA (p < 0.05) in fish hepatocytes. The above results indicated that CPH and P4 enhanced hepatocyte metabolism, as well as improved antioxidant capacities and innate immunity of blunt snout bream hepatocytes.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Cyprinidae/imunologia , Imunidade Inata/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidrolisados de Proteína/metabolismo , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Óleo de Sementes de Algodão/química , Dieta/veterinária , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Hidrolisados de Proteína/administração & dosagem , Distribuição Aleatória
6.
Surg Endosc ; 34(10): 4582-4592, 2020 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31741159

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a negative predictor for postoperative recovery. This study was performed to evaluate the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery in colorectal cancer patients with sarcopenia. METHODS: We conducted a study of patients who underwent curative surgeries for colorectal cancer in two centers from July 2014 to July 2018. In order to reduce selection bias, we conducted a propensity score matching analysis. Preoperative characteristics including age, gender, anemia, body mass index, hypoalbuminemia, America society of anesthesiology scores, epidural anesthesia, operative procedure, stoma, tumor location, and combined resection were incorporated in the model, and produced 58 matched pairs. The third lumbar skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and 6 m usual gait speed were measured to define sarcopenia. Short-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In a total of 1136 patients, 272 had sarcopenia diagnosed, and 227 were further analyzed in this study. Among them, 108 patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery and 119 underwent open colorectal surgery. In the matched cohort, the clinical characteristics of the two groups were well matched. The laparoscopic group had significantly reduced overall complications (15.5% vs. 36.2%, P = 0.016) and shorter postoperative hospital stays (10.5 vs. 14, P = 0.027). Subgroup analysis of postoperative complications showed that the incidence of surgical complications (P = 0.032) was lower in the laparoscopic group. Hospitalization costs (P = 0.071) and 30-day readmissions (P = 0.215) were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is a safe and feasible option with better short-term outcomes in patients with sarcopenia.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Colorretal , Laparoscopia , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Sarcopenia/cirurgia , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias Colorretais/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Pontuação de Propensão , Fatores de Risco , Sarcopenia/complicações , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Langmuir ; 35(8): 3126-3133, 2019 02 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30696247

RESUMO

The simultaneous loading of multifunctional drugs has been regarded as one of the major challenges in the drug delivery system. Herein, a mesoporous silica coating was constructed on a bare metal stent surface by an evaporation-induced self-assembly method, in which both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs (heparin and rapamycin) were encapsulated by a one-pot method for the first time, and the release behaviors of these drugs were studied. The releasing mechanisms of these drugs were investigated in detail. Rapid release of heparin can achieve anticoagulation and endothelialization, whereas slow release of rapamycin can realize antiproliferative therapy for long term. In vitro hemocompatibility and promotion for proliferation of vein endothelial cells and the inhibition of smooth muscle cells were conducted. In vivo stent implantation results verify that the mesoporous silica coating with both heparin and rapamycin can successfully accelerate the endothelialization process and realize the antiproliferative therapy for as long as 3 months. These results indicate that this multifunctional mesoporous coating containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs might be a promising stent coating in the future.


Assuntos
Portadores de Fármacos/química , Metais/química , Dióxido de Silício/química , Stents , Animais , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Portadores de Fármacos/toxicidade , Heparina/química , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Teste de Materiais , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Porosidade , Coelhos , Sirolimo/química
8.
Chemistry ; 21(12): 4703-11, 2015 Mar 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25663637

RESUMO

The 1D complex [(CuL0.5H2O)⋅H2O]n (1) (H4L = 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3',6,6'-tetracarboxylic acid) undergoes an irreversible thermally triggered single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformation to produce the 3D anhydrous complex [CuL0.5]n (2). This SCSC structural transformation was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns, variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction (VT-PXRD) patterns, and IR spectroscopy. Structural analyses reveal that in complex 2, though the initial 1D chain is still retained as in complex 1, accompanied with the Cu-bound H2O removed and new O(carboxyl)-Cu bond forming, the coordination geometries around the Cu(II) ions vary from a distorted trigonal bipyramid to a distorted square pyramid. With the drastic structural transition, significant property changes are observed. Magnetic analyses show prominent changes from antiferromagnetism to weak ferromagnetism due to the new formed Cu1-O-C-O-Cu4 bridge. The catalytic results demonstrate that, even though both solid-state materials present high catalytic activity for the synthesis of 2-imidazolines derivatives and can be reused, the activation temperature of complex 1 is higher than that of complex 2. In addition, a possible pathway for the SCSC structural transformations is proposed.

9.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis ; 23(6): 1690-5, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24739592

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine lesion patterns and the stroke mechanisms in cryptogenic ischemic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (T2WI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences combined. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 38 patients with cryptogenic stroke and an isolated PFO compared with 51 cryptogenic stroke patients without PFO were evaluated and their characteristics of lesion patterns on T2WI and FLAIR sequences combined were investigated. The number, distribution of small ischemic lesions, and the frequency of multiple small ischemic lesions were analyzed between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Thirty-two of 38 patients had a total of 341 small ischemic lesions in cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO versus 24 of 51 patients with 156 small ischemic lesions in patients without PFO, and, 8.97±7.91 and 3.19±4.82 ischemic lesions per person, respectively. Multiple small ischemic lesions occurred more frequently in cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO (25 of 38 patients, 66%) than in patients without PFO (16 of 51 patients, 31%; P=.001). Subcortical frontal and parietal small lesions were more frequent in cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO (28 of 38 patients, 74%) than in patients without PFO (18 of 51 patients, 35%; P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple small ischemic lesions and subcortical frontal and parietal small lesions were significantly associated with cryptogenic stroke patients with PFO, suggesting that paradoxical embolism may be the mechanism of PFO-associated cryptogenic stroke patients.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Forame Oval Patente/patologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/patologia , Adulto , Isquemia Encefálica/complicações , Feminino , Forame Oval Patente/complicações , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações
10.
Clin Chem Lab Med ; 51(7): 1443-57, 2013 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23435152

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The 2009 Asian multicenter study for derivation of reference intervals (RIs) featured: 1) centralized measurements to exclude reagent-dependent variations; 2) inclusion of non-standardized analytes (hormones, tumor makers, etc.) in the target; and 3) cross-check of test results between the central and local laboratories. Transferability of centrally derived RIs for non-standardized analytes based on the cross-check was examined. METHODS: Forty non-standardized analytes were centrally measured in sera from 3541 reference individuals recruited by 63 laboratories. Forty-four laboratories collaborated in the cross-check study by locally measuring aliquots of sera from 9 to 73 volunteers (average 22.2). Linear relationships were obtained by the major-axis regression. Error in converting RIs using the regression line was expressed by the coefficient of variation of slope b [CV(b)]. CV(b) <10% was set as the cut-off value allowing the conversion. The significance of factors for partitioning RIs was determined similarly as in the first report. RESULTS: Significant sex-, age-, and region-related changes in test results were observed in 17, 15, and 11 of the 40 analytes, respectively. In the cross-comparison study, test results were not harmonized in the majority of immunologically measured analytes, but their average CV(b)s were <10% except for total protein, cystatin C, CA19-9, free thyroxine, and triiodothyronine. After conversion, 74% of centrally derived RIs were transferred to each local laboratory. CONCLUSIONS: Our results point to the feasibility of: 1) harmonizing test results across different laboratories; and 2) sharing centrally derived RIs of non-standardized analytes by means of comparative measurement of a set of commutable specimens.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Cistatina C/sangue , Lipoproteínas/sangue , Hormônios Tireóideos/sangue , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Análise de Variância , Povo Asiático , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valores de Referência , Fatores Sexuais
11.
ANZ J Surg ; 93(9): 2231-2234, 2023 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37395460

RESUMO

A conversion from subpectoral breast reconstruction to pre-pectoral breast reconstruction can help with animation resolution and improved patient satisfaction. We describe the conversion technique involving removal of the existing implant, creating a neo-pre-pectoral pocket and restoring the pectoral muscle to its natural position.


Assuntos
Implante Mamário , Implantes de Mama , Neoplasias da Mama , Mamoplastia , Humanos , Feminino , Implante Mamário/métodos , Mamoplastia/métodos , Satisfação do Paciente , Reoperação/métodos , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia
12.
ANZ J Surg ; 93(7-8): 1938-1943, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37209405

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: It is widely accepted that both autologous and alloplastic reconstruction are safe. A recent publication reported a significant association between textured implants and metastatic recurrence of breast cancer. This study aims to assess if the published results are reproducible in our cohort and to review the safety of breast reconstruction. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing mastectomy and either alloplastic or autologous breast reconstruction at a single quaternary hospital. Outcomes include disease free survival (DFS), local and recurrence free survival (LRRFS) and BIA-ALCL. For time to event endpoints, unadjusted and multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox regression, and penalized Cox regression respectively. RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty-six patients of whom 187 underwent autologous reconstruction and 239 underwent alloplastic. There were 43 cancer recurrences (24 alloplastic and 19 autologous) and 14 local regional recurrences (8 alloplastic and 4 autologous). There were 26 deaths and no instances of BIA-ALCL. Median follow-up time was 4.7 years. No evidence of association was found between breast reconstruction method and DFS (HR 0.87 CI: 0.47-1.58). It is uncertain whether implant texture grade was associated with increased breast cancer recurrence (HR 2.17 CI: 0.65-7.52). CONCLUSION: Both autologous and alloplastic breast reconstruction have been carried out in our cohort and reconstructive modality was not associated with either reduced DFS or LRRFS. The results in this cohort show there is uncertainty between the use of textured breast implants and either local or distant breast cancer recurrence.


Assuntos
Implantes de Mama , Neoplasias da Mama , Mamoplastia , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Mastectomia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Mamoplastia/efeitos adversos , Mamoplastia/métodos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia
13.
World J Clin Cases ; 10(35): 12822-12836, 2022 Dec 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36568990

RESUMO

This work aims to summarize and evaluate the current planning progress based on the linear accelerator in stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). The specific techniques include 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, dynamic conformal arc therapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). They are all designed to deliver higher doses to the target volume while reducing damage to normal tissues; among them, VMAT shows better prospects for application. This paper reviews and summarizes several issues on the planning of SRT to provide a reference for clinical application.

14.
Asia Pac J Clin Oncol ; 18(1): 109-117, 2022 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33629541

RESUMO

AIM: Recent surgical de-escalation of the axilla in breast cancer management has led to reduced number of immediate and delayed axillary lymph node dissections (ALND) after sentinel lymph node biopsies (SLNBs). We aim to assess the postoperative impact of SLNB versus immediate and delayed ALND on arm lymphoedema and morbidity. METHODS: A retrospective analysis from a prospectively collected institutional database was performed reviewing the rates of lymphoedema and arm morbidity in terms of shoulder restriction and patient-reported functional deficit in women undergoing axillary surgery for breast cancer between 2013 and 2018. RESULTS: In this 776 patient cohort (564 SLNBs, 192 immediate ALNDs and 20 delayed ALNDs), at 12 months after surgery, the results are as follows: lymphoedema rate: SLNB (4.62%), immediate ALND (19.51%), delayed ALND (15.00%); axillary cording rate: SLNB (3.08%), immediate ALND (10.65%), delayed ALND (5.00%); new functional deficit: SLNB (5.58%), immediate ALND (13.66%) and delayed ALND (20%); pain SLNB (14.02%), immediate ALND (15.97%), delayed ALND (17.65%); shoulder flexion/abduction restrictions: SLNB (8.14%/5.14%), immediate ALND (16.45%/15.79%) and delayed ALND (17.65%/20.00%). ALND was associated with increased risk of developing lymphoedema, shoulder dysfunction and development of more than one morbidity. No statistically significant difference in lymphoedema and morbidity outcome was observed between immediate and delayed ALND. CONCLUSION: Immediate and delayed ALND have comparable outcomes, but both are associated with increased postoperative arm lymphoedema and morbidity outcomes compared to SLNB alone. Preoperative appropriate selection of patients for axillary surgery treatment may improve lymphoedema outcomes in breast cancer patients.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Linfedema , Braço , Austrália/epidemiologia , Axila , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo/efeitos adversos , Linfedema/epidemiologia , Linfedema/etiologia , Morbidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Biópsia de Linfonodo Sentinela/efeitos adversos
15.
Eur J Haematol ; 86(4): 317-23, 2011 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21255081

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the difference of bilirubin concentrations between α- and ß-thalassemia carriers and the role of variation status in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 gene on such a difference. METHODS: A total of 2713 university freshmen who attended a regular physical examination were enrolled in underwent screenings for thalassemias. Finally, 123 subjects whose mean corpuscular volume was ≤80 fL and who had no iron deficiency anemia were tested by PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for α- and ß-thalassemias, respectively, and tested by PCR-RFLP for the five known variations of the UGT1A1 gene. RESULTS: Among the 123 subjects, 76 and 47 were diagnosed with heterozygous α-thalassemia and with heterozygous ß-thalassemia, respectively. Between the α- and ß-thalassemia heterozygotes, variation status of the UGT1A1 gene was not statistically different (P = 0.898), while hemoglobin and bilirubin concentrations differed significantly (P = 0.005 and 0.001, respectively). Bilirubin concentrations were significantly higher among individuals with compound heterozygous variations/homozygous variation in the UGT1A1 gene than in those possessing the wild type and heterozygous variation (P < 0.001 for both α- and ß-thalassemia heterozygotes). Compound heterozygous variations/homozygous variation in the UGT1A1 gene and anemia were the main causes of hyperbilirubinemia in α- and ß-thalassemia heterozygotes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The difference in bilirubin concentrations between α- and ß-thalassemia heterozygotes may be attributable to more bilirubin being produced in ß-thalassemia heterozygotes than in α-thalassemia heterozygotes, while variation status of the UGT1A1 gene affects bilirubin concentrations in both α- and ß-thalassemia heterozygotes.


Assuntos
Bilirrubina/sangue , Talassemia alfa/sangue , Talassemia alfa/genética , Talassemia beta/sangue , Talassemia beta/genética , Anemia Ferropriva/sangue , Feminino , Glucuronosiltransferase/genética , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Estudantes , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem , Talassemia alfa/enzimologia , Talassemia alfa/epidemiologia , Talassemia beta/enzimologia , Talassemia beta/epidemiologia
16.
ANZ J Surg ; 91(9): 1772-1778, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33908181

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) use for surgical staging is increasing, though remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of MRI in surgical decision-making to determine if mastectomy prompted by MRI was appropriate. METHODS: A single-centre observational study in Perth, Western Australia, with the inclusion of all preoperative and postoperative studies (e.g. involved margins after breast-conserving surgery) undergoing staging breast MRI from 1 January 2015 to 26 August 2019. A standard protocol using gadolinium contrast was used. The reference standard was postoperative histopathology or, for studies without additional surgery after MRI following breast-conserving surgery, the next and subsequent annual screening episodes. By reviewing the final histopathology, the medical case notes and multidisciplinary team decision process, we evaluated whether the reported MRI disease extent was accurate in prompting an appropriate upgrade to mastectomy. Outcomes are reported with descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Of 130 cancers staged with MRI; seven were excluded as information was incomplete, 104 were performed preoperatively and 19 postoperatively. The majority (60%) staged lobular carcinoma (invasive 59%, in situ 1%) compared to ductal carcinoma (invasive 31%, in situ 8%). For preoperative MRI, half (54% - 56/104) underwent subsequent mastectomy. Of these, MRI prompted mastectomy in 45% (25/56), all appropriate for disease extent. In the postoperative staging group, two mastectomies were performed, one planned before imaging, the other prompted when MRI diagnosed residual disease and confirmed on histopathology. No false-negative staging MRI was identified. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, MRI prompted an upgrade to mastectomy in 21% (26/123), appropriate for cancer extent.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama , Carcinoma Lobular , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma Lobular/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Mastectomia , Mastectomia Segmentar , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Estudos Retrospectivos
17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33617998

RESUMO

Carbonylcyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) is a protonophore, which causes uncoupling of proton gradient in the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus inhibiting the rate of ATP synthesis. However, this information is manly derived from mammals, while its effects on the mitochondrial homeostasis of aquatic animals are largely unknown. In this study, the mitochondrial homeostasis of a carp fish Megalobrama amblycephala was investigated systematically in a time-course manner by using CCCP. Fish was injected intraperitoneally with CCCP (1.8 mg/kg per body weight) and DMSO (control), respectively. The results showed that CCCP treatment induced hepatic mitochondrial oxidative stress, as was evidenced by the significantly increased MDA and PC contents coupled with the decreased SOD and MnSOD activities. Meanwhile, mitochondrial fission was up-regulated remarkably characterized by the increased transcriptions of Drp-1, Fis-1 and Mff. However, the opposite was true for mitochondrial fusion, as was indicative of the decreased transcriptions of Mfn-1, Mfn-2 and Opa-1. This consequently triggered mitophagy, as was supported by the accumulated mitochondrial autophagosomes and the increased protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, LC3-II and P62 accompanied by the increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio. Mitochondrial biogenesis and function both decreased significantly addressed by the decreased activities of CS, SDH and complex I, IV and V, as well as the protein levels of PGC-1ß coupled with the decreased transcriptions of TFAM, COX-1, COX-2 and ATP-6. Unlikely, DMSO treatment exerted little influence. Overall, CCCP treatment resulted in the imbalance of mitochondrial homeostasis in Megalobrama amblycephala by promoting mitochondrial oxidative stress, fission and mitophagy, but depressing mitochondrial fusion, biogenesis and function.


Assuntos
Carbonil Cianeto m-Clorofenil Hidrazona/análogos & derivados , Carpas/metabolismo , Potencial da Membrana Mitocondrial/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Carbonil Cianeto m-Clorofenil Hidrazona/toxicidade , Homeostase/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos
18.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci ; 35(7): 432-439, 2019 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31017737

RESUMO

Variations at the six nucleotides -3279 (T > G), -53 (A[TA]6 TAA > A[TA]7 TAA), 211 (G > A), 686 (C > A), 1091 (C > T), and 1456 (T > G) in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene were determined in 178 Taiwanese patients with Gilbert's syndrome and in 200 healthy adults. Every subject was classified as a genotype depending on variation status of the six nucleotides in the UGT1A1 gene. The UGT1A1 activity for each genotype was calculated and then those genotypes were divided into 10 subgroups (Q1~Q10) according to their UGT1A1 activities, by using 10% as an interval. There were 24 genotypes observed, with UGT1A1 activity ranged 9%~100% of normal. There were two and six subjects with Gilbert's syndrome and none of healthy controls carrying genotypes in the Q1 and Q2 subgroups, respectively. The odds of developing Gilbert's syndrome were significantly higher for subjects carrying genotypes in the Q3, Q4, and Q5 subgroups than for those with genotype in the Q10 subgroup (odds ratios: 240.22, 59.80, and 14.67, respectively, P < .001 for each). Among the 178 patients of Gilbert's syndrome, serum bilirubin value was inversely correlated with UGT1A1 activity (r = -.306, P < .001). The sensitivity was 72.0% and the specificity was 90.5% by using UGT1A1 activity ≦40% of normal as the cut-off point to distinguish between healthy subjects and patients of Gilbert's syndrome. Our results demonstrate that UGT1A1 activity is certainly a determinate for serum bilirubin value and UGT1A1 activity ≦40% of normal is a proper risk factor for the development of Gilbert's syndrome.


Assuntos
Bilirrubina/sangue , Doença de Gilbert/genética , Glucuronosiltransferase/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Povo Asiático , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Genótipo , Doença de Gilbert/sangue , Doença de Gilbert/diagnóstico , Doença de Gilbert/etnologia , Glucuronosiltransferase/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Risco , Taiwan
19.
Surgery ; 166(3): 297-304, 2019 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31072665

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence has suggested that sarcopenia is linked with cancer prognosis, but only limited data have focused on the impact of myosteatosis on cancer outcomes. This study evaluates the influence of myosteatosis on postoperative complications and survival in those patients who underwent radical resection of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Patients who underwent elective radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and had computed tomographic images available were identified from a prospectively collected database between 2008 and 2013. Myosteatosis was diagnosed by the cutoff values obtained from the method of optimum stratification. To obtain 2 well-balanced cohorts for available variables influencing clinical outcomes, the myosteatosis group was matched 1:1 with nonmyosteatosis group by using a propensity score match. RESULTS: Of 973 patients, 584 were matched for analyses. Compared with the nonmyosteatosis group, the myosteatosis group manifested significantly higher severe postoperative complications rates, shorter overall survival, and disease-free survival. Before matching, multivariate analyses identified that myosteatosis was an independent risk factor for severe postoperative complications, and Cox proportions hazards model showed that myosteatosis was an independent predictor for shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. In addition, subgroup analyses of each muscle phenotype showed that patients with both sarcopenia and myosteatosis had a poorer overall survival and disease-free survival than other patients. CONCLUSION: Myosteatosis in gastric cancer is associated with poor prognosis. Classifying the skeletal muscle into subranges of radio density is a promising strategy to understand the impact of skeletal muscle on unfavorable surgical outcomes in gastric cancer patients.


Assuntos
Sarcopenia/complicações , Neoplasias Gástricas/complicações , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Composição Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Comorbidade , Feminino , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Gastrectomia/métodos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imagem Multimodal , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Pontuação de Propensão , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
20.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids ; 1864(3): 213-223, 2019 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30553054

RESUMO

This study was conducted to understand the effect of high-fat diet challenge on lipid transport and endoplasmic reticulum stress in blunt snout bream. Ninety fish (average weight: 41.84 ±â€¯0.07 g) were randomly fed a control diet (6% fat) or a high-fat diet (11% fat) for 9 weeks. The growth performance and feed utilization efficiency were evaluated at the end of the trial. The liver samples of both groups were harvested for molecular analysis and histological evaluation. Compared to the Control group, the high-fat diet group showed no effects on either growth performance or energy intake in blunt snout bream. However, high-fat diet resulted in a massive accumulation of lipid and pathological structural alternations, and disrupted expression of lipid transport-related genes and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver of the fish. In vitro, after exposure of the isolated primary hepatocytes from blunt snout bream to oleic acid, the cells showed increased intracellular TG accumulation, decreased VLDL secretion, which was attributed to altered expression levels of lipid transport-related genes through the activated IRE1/XBP1 signaling. The oleic acid-induced detrimental effects were alleviated by co-incubating the cells with an IER1 inhibitor, 4µ8c. In conclusion, high-fat diet could lead to aberrant lipid secretion by activating the ER stress-associated IRE1/XBP1 pathway. Inhibiting the activity of IRE1 represents a promising target to rescue the side-effects of high-fat diet on the liver function of blunt snout bream.


Assuntos
Cyprinidae/metabolismo , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/fisiologia , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/fisiologia , Animais , Transporte Biológico , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Endorribonucleases/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Lipídeos , Fígado/metabolismo , Ácido Oleico/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo
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