Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism and Population Genetic Structure of 57 Autosomal InDel Loci in Beichuan Qiang Population.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the genetic information of 57 autosomal InDel loci (A-InDels) included in AGCU InDel 60 fluorescence detection kit in the Beichuan Qiang population of Sichuan Province and evaluate its application value in forensic medicine. METHODS: A total of 200 unrelated healthy individuals from Beichuan Qiang population of Sichuan Province were typing detected by AGCU InDel 60 fluorescence detection kit. Allele frequencies and population genetic parameters of the 57 A-InDels were statistically analyzed and compared with the available data of 26 populations. RESULTS: After Bonferroni correction, there was no linkage disequilibrium between the 57 A-InDels, and all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Except for rs66595817 and rs72085595, the minor allele frequencies of 55 A-InDels were above 0.3. PIC ranged from 0.298 3 to 0.375 0, CDP was 1-2.974 8×10-24, CPEduo was 0.999 062 660, and CPEtrio was 0.999 999 999. The calculation of the genetic distance showed that Beichuan Qiang population had the closest genetic distances with Beijing Han and South China Han populations, but far away from African populations. CONCLUSIONS: The 57 A-InDels in AGCU InDel 60 fluorescence detection kit have a good genetic polymorphism in Beichuan Qiang population of Sichuan Province, which can be used as effective supplemental for individual identification and paternity identification in forensic medicine.

Oxygen sensitive polymeric nanocapsules for optical dissolved oxygen sensors.

Immobilization of the oxygen-sensitive probes (OSPs) in the host matrix greatly impacts the performance and long-term usage of the optical dissolved oxygen (DO) sensors. In this work, fluorescent dyes, as the OSPs, were encapsulated with a crosslinked fluorinated polymer shell by interfacial confined reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer miniemulsion polymerization to fabricate oxygen sensitive polymeric nanocapsules (NCs). The location of fluorescent dyes and the fluorescent properties of the NCs were fully characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrometer, x-ray photoelectron spectrometer and fluorescent spectrum. Dye-encapsulated capacity can be precisely tuned from 0 to 1.3 wt% without self-quenching of the fluorescent dye. The crosslinked fluorinated polymer shell is not only extremely high gas permeability, but also prevents the fluorescent dyes from leakage in aqueous as well as in various organic solvents, such as ethanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran (THF). An optical DO sensor based on the oxygen sensitive NCs was fabricated, showing high sensitivity, short response time, full reversibility, and long-term operational stability of online monitoring DO. The sensitivity of the optical DO sensor is 7.02 (the ratio of the response value in fully deoxygenated and saturated oxygenated water) in the range 0.96-14.16 mg l-1 and the response time is about 14.3 s. The sensor's work curve was fit well using the modified Stern-Volmer equation by two-site model, and its response values are hardly affected by pH ranging from 2 to 12 and keep constant during continuous measurement for 3 months. It is believed that the oxygen sensitive polymeric NCs-based optical DO sensor could be particularly useful in long-term online DO monitoring in both aqueous and organic solvent systems.

Forensic characteristics of 4866 violent injury cases in Sichuan Province, China.

To evaluate the characteristics of violent injury cases in Sichuan Province, China. Overall, 4866 violent injury cases in Sichuan province, China from 2014 to 2017 were included. The injury evaluation report was used to classify and summarize the injury information, case and injury characteristics, and to describe the characteristics for each risk factor. The majority of cases were males (n = 3851, 79.14%), aged 20-60 (n = 3867, 79.47%), and living in rural areas (n = 3094, 65.55%). Many cases occurred in public areas (n = 3351, 74.19%) and in the evening (n = 1005, 29.49%). Passion was the main motive for the violent injuries (n = 2098, 82.11%) and the main types of injuries were those to the brain, face, and auricula (n = 3075, 63.21%). Blunt instruments (n = 2951, 64.86%) were most commonly used to inflict injury, and the injury evaluation determined that the majority of injuries were simple (n = 2669, 54.85%) and slight (n = 1685, 34.63%). For cases resulting from passion and money, blunt instruments were more commonly used, while sharp instruments were more commonly used for injuries resulting from emotion and revenge (p < 0.05). Compared with grievous injuries, public and entertainment areas and the use of blunt instruments were risk factors for slight injuries. The use of blunt instruments was a risk factor for simple injuries. The cases of violent injury in the Sichuan Province of China have certain characteristics and causes. In order to reduce the frequency of such cases, corresponding intervention measures should be actively conducted at the identified high risk places, times, and populations.

[Study of tyrosine online fluorescence spectrum under high pressure].

The effect of pressure on fluorescence of tyrosine (Tyr) and Tyr in different concentration of Cu2+ was investigated. The results showed that Tyr fluorescence intensity was enhanced with increasing pressure in the absence of Cu2+, with the fluorescence intensity increasing by about 9% when the pressure reached 60 MPa. Furthermore, Tyr fluorescence quenched by Cu2+ and the quenching became stronger when the concentration of Cu2+ was higher. The effect of pressure on the fluorescence of Tyr was different under various Cu2+ concentrations. When Cu2+ concentration was lower, the fluorescence intensity increased relatively weakly (under 60 MPa and [Copper ion]/[Tyr] = 1, fluorescence intensity increased by 14.4%) and vice versa, the fluorescence intensity increased relatively strongly (under 60 MPa and [Copper ion]/[Tyr] = 40, fluorescence intensity increased by 38.4%).

Guanidyl-functionalized graphene/polysulfone mixed matrix ultrafiltration membrane with superior permselective, antifouling and antibacterial properties for water treatment.

Mixed matrix membranes blended with graphene-based nanomaterials have great potential in water and wastewater treatment on account of their multiple functionalities. To solve the complicated biofouling problem and diversify the applications of membranes, novel synergistic antibacterial guanidyl-functionalized graphene/polysulfone (GFG/PSF) mixed matrix ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by a non-solvent induced phase separation method. The guanidyl-functionalized graphene nanosheets were achieved by a two-step grafting process consisting of amination and guanidination and exhibited high dispersibility in the casting solution, which showed good compatibility with the polymer matrix. Besides the advantages of partially reduced graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets in creating a stronger interaction with the bacterial cell membrane to destroy the bacteria, the induced bidendate binding between guanidyl groups and phosphate groups on the cell wall can make high sterilization rate even at low concentrations. Different techniques including XRD, FTIR, XPS, SEM, TEM, EDX, contact angle meter, filtration and antibacterial experiments were employed to characterize and investigate the performance of nanosheets and membranes. Compared with pure PSF membrane, the GFG/PSF mixed matrix membranes not only exhibited superior permeability and prominent antifouling property performance toward bovine serum albumin (BSA), but also displayed excellent antimicrobial activity and long-term duration toward Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.