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1.
Public Health ; 229: 13-23, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38382177

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the P4 suicide screener in a multinational sample. The primary goal was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale and investigate its convergent validity by analyzing its correlation with depression, anxiety, and substance use. STUDY DESIGN: The study design is a cross-sectional self-report study conducted across 42 countries. METHODS: A cross-sectional, self-report study was conducted in 42 countries, with a total of 82,243 participants included in the final data set. RESULTS: The study provides an overview of suicide ideation rates across 42 countries and confirms the structural validity of the P4 screener. The findings indicated that sexual and gender minority individuals exhibited higher rates of suicidal ideation. The P4 screener showed adequate reliability, convergence, and discriminant validity, and a cutoff score of 1 is recommended to identify individuals at risk of suicidal behavior. CONCLUSIONS: The study supports the reliability and validity of the P4 suicide screener across 42 diverse countries, highlighting the importance of using a cross-cultural suicide risk assessment to standardize the identification of high-risk individuals and tailoring culturally sensitive suicide prevention strategies.


Assuntos
Comparação Transcultural , Ideação Suicida , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Prevenção do Suicídio
2.
Exp Eye Res ; 110: 70-5, 2013 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23499777

RESUMO

Pterygium is one of the most frequent pathologies in ophthalmology, and is a benign, fibrovascular lesion originating from the bulbar conjunctiva. It is composed of an epithelium and highly vascular, subepithelial, loose connective tissue. The etiology of pterygium is not clearly understood; the most widely recognized originating factor is ultraviolet radiation. It has been proposed that pterygium and neoplasia have common features, raising the possibility that pterygium is a neoplastic-like growth disorder. In this study, proteomic analysis was performed to show that peroxiredoxin 2 is overexpressed in pterygia compared to healthy conjunctivas. Twelve pterygium specimens were obtained together with healthy conjunctival tissue from the same eyes. Total proteins of pterygia and healthy conjunctivas were analyzed in SDS-PAGE. This analysis showed protein bands expressed exclusively in pterygium samples at the range of 20-25 kDa. After this, 2D electrophoresis was performed for the separation of total proteins; differential spots expressed in pterygium were excised and sequenced. Mass spectrometry (MS) data were searched in the NCBInr and EST databases using the MASCOT program. The spot was identified as peroxiredoxin 2. Real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry showed that peroxiredoxin 2 was increased in pterygium compared to healthy conjunctiva. Although, these results suggest that overexpression of peroxiredoxin 2 in pterygium could protect the cell against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, further studies are required to establish the functional role of peroxiredoxin 2 in pterygium to determine its role in peroxidation and apoptosis in this pathology.


Assuntos
Proteínas do Olho/metabolismo , Peroxirredoxinas/metabolismo , Pterígio/enzimologia , Adulto , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Western Blotting , Túnica Conjuntiva/enzimologia , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Proteínas do Olho/química , Proteínas do Olho/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Focalização Isoelétrica , Masculino , Espectrometria de Massas , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Peso Molecular , Oxirredução , Peroxirredoxinas/química , Peroxirredoxinas/genética , Proteômica , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
3.
Clin Dev Immunol ; 2013: 919742, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24368924

RESUMO

Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is one of the most common eye disorders in ophthalmology. In mice models, it has been suggested that control of allergic conjunctivitis is a delicate balance between Tregs and inflammatory migrating effector cells. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency of Tregs and the frequency of homing receptors expressing cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC). The analyses of phenotypic markers on CD4+ T cells and both soluble or intracellular cytokines were performed by flow cytometry. CD4+CD25+ cells were 15 times more frequent in PBMC from patients than HC; the vast majority of these CD4+CD25+ cells were FOXP3-, and most of CD4+ T cells were CCR4+ and CCR9+ cells. Upon allergen-stimulation, no significant changes were observed in frequency of Treg; however, an increased frequency of CD4+CCR4+CCR9+ cells, CD4+CD103+ cells and CD4+CD108+ cells with increased IL-5, IL-6, and IL-8 production was observed. These findings suggest an immune dysregulation in PAC, characterized by diminished frequency of Tregs and increased frequency of circulating activated CD4+ T cells; upon allergen-stimulation, these cells were expressing cell-surface molecules related to mucosa homing and were able to trigger an inflammatory microenvironment.


Assuntos
Conjuntivite Alérgica/imunologia , Linfócitos T Auxiliares-Indutores/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Adolescente , Antígenos de Dermatophagoides/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Conjuntivite Alérgica/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Feminino , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead , Humanos , Imunofenotipagem , Subunidade alfa de Receptor de Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Contagem de Linfócitos , Masculino , Fenótipo , Receptores CCR/metabolismo , Receptores CCR4/metabolismo , Receptores de Quimiocinas/metabolismo , Linfócitos T Auxiliares-Indutores/metabolismo , Linfócitos T Reguladores/metabolismo
4.
Int J Immunogenet ; 38(3): 233-42, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21320290

RESUMO

The genetic and immunophenotypic characteristics of a 3-year-old patient with Blau syndrome (BS), an early onset sarcoidosis caused by mutations in NOD2, were investigated. Molecular analysis of NOD2 gene was achieved by PCR and direct nucleotide sequencing. Immunophenotyping included cytometric analysis of memory-effector markers on T-cells, and cytokine in serum, aqueous humour and vitreous. A novel M513R mutation in NOD2 was demonstrated. Immunophenotyping revealed higher frequency of CCR4+ cells and CCR9+ cells on CD4+ cells; most CD8+ cells were CCR7- and CCR9+. IL6 and IL-8 were detected in a gradient manner: vitreous humour>aqueous humour>serum. The immunophenotype in this patient was characterized by a differential expression of chemokine receptors on T cells and by a particular ocular microenvironment enriched in IL-6 and IL-8. To our knowledge, this is the first study analysing the immunological features of BS at aqueous humour, vitreous and blood levels. Our results expand the knowledge of the genetic and immunopathological basis of BS.


Assuntos
Humor Aquoso/imunologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/genética , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/imunologia , Imunofenotipagem , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Mutação/genética , Proteína Adaptadora de Sinalização NOD2/genética , Sinovite/genética , Sinovite/imunologia , Uveíte/genética , Uveíte/imunologia , Artrite , Sequência de Bases , Pré-Escolar , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/patologia , Citocinas/biossíntese , Citocinas/imunologia , Feminino , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Receptores de Quimiocinas/genética , Receptores de Quimiocinas/imunologia , Sarcoidose , Sinovite/patologia , Receptores Toll-Like/imunologia , Receptores Toll-Like/metabolismo , Uveíte/patologia , Corpo Vítreo/imunologia
5.
Cephalalgia ; 30(9): 1031-40, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20799383

RESUMO

The main known function of the pineal gland in humans is the production of melatonin. Benign cysts of the gland have been related to headache, although the mechanism of production of this assumed clinical manifestation has not been clearly determined, due to the lack of large prospective studies. The question is complicated by the fact that pineal cysts are frequently found on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Much has been published about the possible role of benign pineal cysts in the pathophisiology of headaches and the potential of melatonin in headache therapy, as well as in other disorders. The aim of this article is to review the current state of the subject. We have tried to place accurately the relation between headache and pineal cysts based on the available evidence, as well as the actual role of melatonin in physiology and pharmacology, more specifically in headache therapy. We include a clinical case to illustrate the subject.


Assuntos
Cefaleia Histamínica/complicações , Cistos/complicações , Cistos/patologia , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/complicações , Glândula Pineal/patologia , Doença Crônica , Cefaleia Histamínica/fisiopatologia , Cistos/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Melatonina/fisiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos de Enxaqueca/fisiopatologia , Glândula Pineal/fisiopatologia
6.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 82(2): 95-101, 2007 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17323249

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of TLR4 on human limbal epithelial cells cultivated in vitro, and to determine its cellular function after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Limbal epithelial cells were isolated from sclera-corneal rims and stimulated for 24 hours with different doses of LPS from E. coli and from Pseudomonas. After stimulation, the cells were harvested, stained with antibodies against human TLR4 and analysed by flow cytometry. mRNA was obtained and RT-PCR was performed for the identification of TLR4. Secretion of TNF-alpha by these cells was evaluated by ELISA of the supernatant. RESULTS: Limbal epithelial cells expanded in vitro constitutively expressed the TLR4 molecule. After stimulation of cells with LPS the average fluorescence intensity increased, indicating that the expression of extracellular TLR4 was augmented. The expression of TLR4 mRNA was also increased with LPS stimulation, with maximum expression measured at 10 ng/ml LPS. The level of TNF-alpha in the supernatant was not different between the stimulated and the non-stimulated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Although stimulation of in vitro limbal epithelial cells with LPS up-regulates the extracellular expression of TLR4, the function of TLR4 does not seem to be associated with the secretion of TNF-alpha by these cells. These results are consistent with the proposal that the corneal epithelium is an immunosilent site in the eye.


Assuntos
Células Epiteliais/imunologia , Limbo da Córnea/citologia , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/fisiologia , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/biossíntese
7.
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol ; 81(7): 391-400, 2006 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16888692

RESUMO

PURPOSE: B7 molecules are a family of proteins that co-stimulate T cells during immune activation. Normally the corneal epithelial cells (CEC) do not express these molecules on their cell surface. Toll-like receptors play an important role in the innate immune response to invading pathogens and recently have been demonstrated to be expressed on mice cornea. The objective of this study was to determine whether adenoviral infection induces B7 molecules and TLR9 on human CEC. METHODS: CEC were isolated from human corneas treated with dispase-II, and grown in the presence of supplemented hormonal epithelial medium until confluence. Then CEC were then infected with adenovirus 5 (Ad5) and cultured for different times. The CEC were then recovered and stained against human CD80, CD86, TLR-9 and cytokeratin. All cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Ad5 infection of CEC induced the expression of B7 molecules and TLR-9 after 24 hours in culture, rising to maximum levels at 72 hours. B7 expression at 72 hours was as follows: CD80 expression on infected CEC was 62% (standard error [SE] 2.6) versus 3% (SE 1.2) on non-infected CEC (p<0.001); CD86 expression on infected CEC was 95% (SE 2.1) versus 5% (SE 1.2) on non-infected CEC (p<0.001). TLR-9 expression at 72 hours was 80% (SE 1.2) on infected CEC versus 5% (SE 1) on non-infected CEC (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ad5 infection induced the expression of B7 molecules and TLR-9 on CEC.


Assuntos
Infecções por Adenovirus Humanos/imunologia , Antígeno B7-1/biossíntese , Antígeno B7-2/biossíntese , Córnea/citologia , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/virologia , Ceratoconjuntivite/imunologia , Ceratoconjuntivite/virologia , Receptor Toll-Like 9/biossíntese , Células Cultivadas , Humanos
8.
Eye (Lond) ; 28(4): 459-65, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24480839

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical characteristics of ocular involvement in patients with pemphigus at an ophthalmological referral center. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on patients with the immunopathological diagnosis of pemphigus examined between 1 January 2000 and 1 April 2010. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA), ocular symptoms, and ocular surface inflammatory and scarring changes were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 15 patients were identified, with a mean age of 68.27 ± 14.35 years, and 80% (n=12) were female. Extraocular involvement was reported in one patient. All of the eyes showed cicatricial changes in the conjunctiva. In all, 6 eyes (20%) were classified as stage I; 12 eyes (40%) as stage II; 10 eyes (33%) as stage III; and 2 eyes (7%) as stage IV. A statistically significant association was found between BCVA and the severity of ocular involvement. The mean BCVA logMAR was 1.66 (20/914), with a range from logMAR 0 (20/20) to logMAR 4 (NLP). Other ocular diseases were found in 8 (53.3%), systemic diseases in 10 (66.7%), and the use of pemphigus-inducing drugs in 10 patients (66.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The present report represents the largest series of ocular involvement in pemphigus confirmed by immunopathology. The clinical manifestations varied from conjunctival hyperemia to corneal scarring and perforation. There was a strong association between scarring changes and low BCVA. Ocular and systemic diseases as well as the use of pemphigus-inducing drugs may predispose to ocular cicatricial changes observed in this series.


Assuntos
Cicatriz/patologia , Doenças da Túnica Conjuntiva/patologia , Pênfigo/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças da Túnica Conjuntiva/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças da Túnica Conjuntiva/etiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pênfigo/complicações , Pênfigo/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Acuidade Visual
9.
Cell Immunol ; 218(1-2): 34-45, 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12470612

RESUMO

We purified a 70 kDa O-glycoprotein that binds to the GalNAc specific lectin from Amaranthus leucocarpus (ALLr) and determined its expression pattern on T lymphocytes from different murine lymphoid organs. High level of ALLr expression was demonstrated in 95-98% of both CD4(+)8(+) and CD4(-)8(+) thymocytes, and in 80-95% of CD8(+) T cells from peripheral blood, lymph nodes, and spleen, whereas a minor fraction of CD4(+)8(-) thymocytes (46-67%) and peripheral CD4(+) T cells (9-40%) showed low ALLr expression. Peripheral CD19(+) B cells were ALLr negative and most of the peripheral ALL(+) T cells showed a CD62L(hi)CD45RB(hi)CD44(lo/-) phenotype, indicating features of naive cells. Mitogenic activation of peripheral T cells increased 3-fold the number of ALL(+)CD4(+) T cells 24 h after stimulation, as opposed to a >80% decrease in CD8(+) T cells 72 h after stimulation. Our results suggest that ALL detects a non-described surface O-glycoprotein selectively expressed by naive CD8(+) T cells and by early activated CD4(+) T cells.


Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Ativação Linfocitária , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/isolamento & purificação , Lectinas de Plantas/metabolismo , Receptores Mitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/química , Animais , Antígenos CD/análise , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/química , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/química , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem da Célula , Cromatografia de Afinidade , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Glicosilação , Imunofenotipagem , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Peso Molecular , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Receptores Mitogênicos/metabolismo , Ácidos Siálicos/análise , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/metabolismo
10.
Scand J Immunol ; 53(5): 520-7, 2001 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11309162

RESUMO

Connectivity, the self-defined interactions between antigen-recognising molecules in a network system can in part be assessed by measuring the reactivity of a given serum against an ordered set of immunoglobulin (Ig)G F(ab')2 fractions, separated by means of isoelectric focusing so that, the serum reactivity against the whole set of fractions defines a characteristic pattern of connectivity. Deviations from the normal condition (healthy donors) have so far been documented for two autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and pemphigus vulgaris, as well as for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. We tested here if bacterial infections lead to alterations in connectivity. In addition, we wanted to test if two antigenically related bacteria would produce similar or otherwise distinctive connectivity patterns. Connectivity analysis was applied on the sera from tuberculosis and leprosy patients and the sera from healthy donors were used as control. No statistically significant differences between the three groups studied were found. These results have implications for theories that set the origin of autoimmune diseases in microbial infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to analyze the connectivity status in bacterial infections.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/imunologia , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Hanseníase/imunologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Humanos , Fragmentos Fab das Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/biossíntese , Imunoglobulina M/biossíntese , Focalização Isoelétrica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mycobacterium leprae/imunologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia
11.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 47(6): 190-6, 2000.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11558396

RESUMO

The allergic condition is determined genetically and they affect of the general population's 20-30% in developed countries, in the last decade have been increased the prevalence. Inside the imbalance that is manifested in the atopic patients it is on one hand the antigen-presenting cells (monocytes and B cells) and on the other hand, the lymphocytes T CD4+. The association of molecules like CD80, CD 86 (co-stimulatory molecules) in monocytes and B cells and CD30, CD62L, ALL, CD11a, CD28, CD124 and CD152 in CD4+, they have shown to be of particular interest in allergic sufferings. However we don't find a difference statistically significant among patient and controls and among nasal challenges with saline solution with specific allergen. For what we suggest that the changes in the activation, proliferation and cooperation are given in the les ion place, without an apparent repercussion in cells of peripheral blood.


Assuntos
Alérgenos/imunologia , Antígenos de Superfície/imunologia , Glicoproteínas/imunologia , Rinite Alérgica Perene/imunologia , Adulto , Antígenos de Dermatophagoides , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Macrófagos/imunologia , Masculino , Linfócitos T/imunologia
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