Crohn's disease from past to present: Research trends and global outcomes with scientometric analysis during 1980 to 2022.

Currently, there is no comprehensive bibliometric study in the literature on Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to analyze articles published on CD using bibliometric and statistical methods. The aim was to identify current research trends, show global productivity, and determine important players such as countries, journals, institutions, and authors. A total of 16,216 articles published on CD between 1980 and 2022 were analyzed using various statistical and bibliometric methods. Bibliometric network visualization maps were used to perform trend topic analysis, citation analysis, and international collaboration analysis. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis. The top 3 contributing countries to the literature were the United States of America (USA) (n = 4344, 26.7%), the United Kingdom (UK) (n = 2036, 12.5%) and Germany (n = 1334, 8.2%). The most active institutions were Udice French Research Universities (n = 696), Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris (n = 570), and Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Inserm (n = 479). The most productive journals were Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (n = 1100), Journal of Crohn's & Colitis (n = 579), and Gut (n = 510). The most prolific author was Colombel JF. (n = 290). The most frequently researched topics from past to present included infliximab, ulcerative colitis, surgery, pediatrics, adalimumab, magnetic resonance imaging, inflammation, perianal CD/perianal fistula, azathioprine, magnetic resonance enterography, small bowel, stricture/strictureplasty, recurrence, therapy/treatment, ustekinumab, mucosal healing, biomarkers, fistula, quality of life, ultrasonography, epidemiology, capsule endoscopy, laparoscopic surgery/laparoscopy, endoscopy, disease activity, postoperative recurrence, and the Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2 gene. We have seen an exponential increase in worldwide publications on CD. In recent years, the major research topics related to CD have been ustekinumab, vedolizumab, fecal calprotectin, therapeutic drug monitoring, biologics, biomarkers, exclusive enteral nutrition, microbiome/microbiota, magnetic resonance enterography, anti-TNF, postoperative complications, and mucosal healing. We determined that countries with large economies, particularly the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada, Italy, Japan and China, have taken the lead in research contributions to the development of CD literature.

Crucial markers showing the risk of coronary artery disease in obesity: ADMA and neopterin.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is responsible for high morbidity and mortality, both in developed and developing countries. It is associated with many chronic and metabolic diseases. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) has been demonstrated to be a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction in humans and increased ADMA associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has been reported in many states. Neopterin (NP) produced by monocytes/macrophages in response to stimulation by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is emphasized in recent findings. The current study aims to investigate ADMA and NP levels which may assume a role in guiding the early diagnosis of coronary artery disease in obesity. METHODS: This is an original research study in which ADMA and NP levels of 50 patients (25 male/25 female) diagnosed with obesity were compared with those of 30 healthy individuals (15 male/15 female) as control. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used while determining parameters. RESULTS: ADMA and NP levels in obese individuals were found to be significantly higher than in those enrolled in the control. ADMA values were found to be higher in obese subjects (0.71±0.24 µmol/L) as compared with levels found in healthy subjects (0.58±0.16 µmol/L) (p<0.05). A significant increase of serum neopterin levels was found in obese subjects (8.8±3.5 µmol/L) as compared with controls (4.9±1.69 µmol/L) (p<0.05). Also, there was a strong positive correlation between NP and ADMA values in obese individuals (r=0.954). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that obese subjects have higher ADMA and neopterin levels. These results demonstrated that both ADMA and NP levels may be potential risk factors for coronary heart disease in obesity.

A Prospective Noninterventional, Observational Study to Describe the Effectiveness and Safety of Trandolapril and Verapamil Single-Pill Combination in the Management of Patients with Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Harvest TR Study.

Maintaining regular blood pressure control usually requires multidrug regimens rather than monotherapy. The objective of this study was to describe the effectiveness and safety of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker in a single-tablet combination in patients with hypertension, a heart rate higher than 70 beats/min, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was conducted in Turkey as a prospective, noninterventional, observational study. At 22 clinical sites, the data of 200 patients with hypertension were used for efficacy analysis; however, 262 patients received at least one dose of trandolapril/verapamil fixed-dose combination at two dose strengths. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate, PR interval, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and albumin/creatinine ratios were recorded during 8 weeks of treatment. With treatment, the mean (±SD) SBP that was recorded as 162.8 (±14.642) mm Hg at baseline was reduced to 131.7 ± 11.1 mm Hg at week 8 (p < 0.05). Similarly, the mean DBP was reduced from 93.76 ± 9.16 mm Hg to 77.6 ± 7.6 mm Hg (p < 0.001). Following 8 weeks of treatment, SBP and DBP values were reduced below 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg in most patients (81.5%), respectively. The mean heart rate as evaluated using electrocardiography measurements was reduced to 78.25 beats/min at week 8 as compared with baseline during trandolapril/verapamil single-pill combination treatment (p < 0.001). Treatment with trandolapril and verapamil was well tolerated over 8 weeks with no unexpected safety signals. In conclusion, the single-pill combination of trandolapril and verapamil was considered effective in reducing and controlling blood pressure in patients with hypertension and T2DM. There was a significant improvement in HbA1c and ACR levels in a smaller subgroup of the patient cohort. The trandolapril/verapamil combination was evaluated as being safe and well-tolerated following a treatment period of 8 weeks. This trial was registered with NCT02298556.