Sperm proteins ODF2 and PAWP as markers of fertility in breeding bulls.

Low fertility is the single most important factor limiting livestock reproductive performance, adversely affecting the cattle industry and causing millions of dollars of economic loss. In the livestock industry, male fertility is of crucial importance for the reproductive performance of livestock. However, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers to predict bull fertility in artificial insemination service. The objective of this study was to identify sperm proteins as biomarkers for bull fertility. To discover candidate sperm quality biomarkers, sperm proteome profiling was conducted in extreme high- and extreme low-fertile bulls selected from a pool of 1000 AI sires with varied fertility. Thirty-two differentially expressed proteins were identified. Among them, high levels of sperm outer dense fiber of sperm tails 2 (ODF2) and post-acrosomal assembly of sperm head protein (PAWP/WBP2NL) represented the most extreme differences in quantity between high- and low-fertility bulls. Protein immunodetection and flow cytometry used to validate these putative fertility markers in a combined cohort of 154 AI sires. Both ODF2 and PAWP correlated significantly with fertility. In conclusion, ODF2 and PAWP can be used to assess semen quality and predict sire fertility.

Thoracoscopic management of iatrogenic cardiac perforations.

AIMS: Iatrogenic cardiac perforation is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication of invasive cardiac procedures. When nonsurgical management fails, urgent cardiac surgery is required. The standard surgical approach is usually through full sternotomy. However, we propose a less invasive and equally effective technique with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). METHODS: This single-center retrospective study in a tertiary hospital identified all patients requiring surgical intervention due to iatrogenic cardiac perforation over a period of 5 years. Patients were grouped by surgical approach, being either sternotomy or VATS. Primary endpoints were operating time, length of ICU stay, hospital stay, 30-day mortality, and all-round mortality. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were identified: 11 in the sternotomy group and 14 in the VATS-group. Preoperative baseline characteristics were equal. Significant difference was found for 30-day mortality (p < .05). There was no difference for the other endpoints. CONCLUSIONS: VATS is a promising alternative to standard sternotomy for iatrogenic cardiac perforations after invasive cardiac procedures.

Minimal access compared to sternotomy for aortic root and arch surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Partial upper sternotomy is an established technique for aortic valve surgery in numerous centers. Based on the favorable results, this access can be extended for more complex procedures. We assessed the outcomes of aortic root and arch surgery through partial versus full sternotomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2013 to December 2020, 100 patients underwent proximal aortic surgery. The minimal access approach was used in 73 patients. Operative variables and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and compared between both groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in cross-clamping and extracorporeal circulation times, as well as no difference in postoperative acute renal failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, and re-exploration for bleeding. However, there was a significant difference in favor of partial upper sternotomy in red blood cell transfusion (0 vs. 234 mL; p = 0.01), postoperative drainage volume (300 vs. 750 mL; p < 0.001), ventilation time (median 3 vs. 24 h; p < 0.001), sepsis (1 [1.4%] vs. 4 [14.8%]; p = 0.02), intensive care unit (median 2 vs. 4 days; p = 0.002) and hospital stay (median 7 vs. 10 days; p < 0.001). Only one patient required intraoperative conversion due to massive bleeding. There was no difference in 30-day mortality between both groups. CONCLUSION: The partial upper sternotomy approach is safe and feasible for aortic root and arch surgery with morbidity and mortality rates similar to full sternotomy, with the advantages of less blood loss and transfusions need, faster extubation, and shorter length of hospital stay.

Protamine Induced Anaphylactic Shock after Peripheral Vascular Surgery.

Anaphylactic reactions to protamine are quite rare and almost exclusively reported during cardiac surgery. In this report, we illustrate a rare case of protamine reaction after peripheral vascular surgery a couple of months after cardiac surgery and how the patient survived this critical complication.

Sperm miR-15a and miR-29b are associated with bull fertility.

MicroRNAs modulate male fertility by regulating gene expression. In this study, dynamics of sperm miR-15a, miR-29b and miR-34a from high fertility (HF) and low fertility (LF) bulls using RT-qPCR were evaluated. Bioinformatic tools were employed to ascertain genes of interest of the sperm miRNAs. The expression levels of p53, BCL2, BAX and DNMT1 in bull spermatozoa were determined by immunoblotting. MicroRNA levels of miR-15a and miR-29 were higher in LF sires when compared with those present in HF bulls. Expression levels of miR-34a did not differ between the two groups. We found an inverse correlation between miR-15a and bull fertility. MiR29-b was also negatively associated with fertility scores. BCL2 and DNMT1 were higher in HF bulls while BAX was higher in the LF group. Our data showed a positive correlation between BCL2 and bull fertility. In addition, DNMT1 was positively associated with bull fertility. Furthermore, levels of BAX were negatively linked with bull fertility scores. Identification of miRNAs found in the spermatozoa of sires with different in vivo fertility helps understand the alterations in the fertilising capacity from cattle and other mammals. These potential biomarkers can be used in reproductive biotechnology as fertility markers to assess semen quality and predict male fertility.

Outcomes of cardiac surgery after mediastinal radiation therapy: A single-center experience.

BACKGROUND: Mediastinal radiation therapy (MRT) is a widely used therapy for thoracic malignancies. This therapy has the potential to cause cardiovascular injuries, which may require surgery. The primary aim of this study is to identify the perioperative outcomes of cardiac surgery in patients with a history of MRT. Second, potential predictors of mortality and adverse events were identified. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted among 59 patients with prior MRT who underwent cardiac surgery between December 2009 and March 2015. Included surgeries consisted of procedures through median- and ministernotomy. Baseline, perioperative, and follow-up data were obtained and analyzed. RESULTS: The majority of patients had a history of breast cancer (n = 43), followed by Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 10) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 3). Preoperative estimated mortality with the Euroscore II was 3.4%. Overall 30-day mortality was 6.8% (n = 4), with a total in-hospital mortality of 10.2% (n = 6). Postoperatively, nine rethoracotomies (15.3%) had to be performed. During a mean follow-up of 53 months, an additional 10 patients (16.9%) died, of which 60% (n = 6) as a result of cancer-related events. Cox proportional modeling showed no differences in mortality between primary malignancies (P > .05). CONCLUSION: This study shows that cardiac surgery after mediastinal radiotherapy is associated with increased short- and long-term mortality when compared to preoperative mortality risks predicted by the Euroscore II. Surgery-related events caused all short-term mortality cases, while malignancy-related events were the main cause of death during the follow-up. Mortality was higher in patients with a previous stroke and a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Effects of Rhinoplasty on Smile Esthetic and Gingival Appearance.

Rhinoplasty alone or combined with septoplasty is one of the cornerstone management techniques in facial esthetic surgery. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of rhinoplasty maneuvers on facial and smile esthetics. The study included a total of 27 adult patients. Measurements of gingival length (GL), right and left maxillary incisor-upper lip distance (MIULD), right and left inter-lip distance (ILD), and right and left gingival pocket depth (GPD) were performed and rounded to the nearest millimeter in full smile and at rest. All measurements were obtained at baseline and at the postoperative 1st and 6th months by the same clinician. As compared with the baseline values, significant decreases were determined in the left and right GLs in full smile, left and right MIULD, and left ILD at the postoperative 1st month and in the GL, left and right MIULD, and left and right ILD at the postoperative 6th month. In conclusion, rhinoplasty maneuvers can improve smile esthetics by changing the GL thereby increase patient satisfaction.

Expression dynamics of Integrin Subunit Beta 5 in bovine gametes and embryos imply functions in male fertility and early embryonic development.

Integrins have been shown to act as signalling receptors, and they primarily recognise extracellular matrix ligands on the oocyte surface. However, their possible roles in oocyte activation and embryo development are not clearly understood. The objectives of this study were to evaluate expression of Integrin Subunit Beta 5 (ITGß5) in bovine sperm, oocytes, and early embryos and to ascertain the evolutionary conservation of ITGß5. To accomplish these objectives, we used western blotting to study expression levels of ITGß5 protein in sperm and RT-qPCR to determine expression levels of ITGß5 transcripts in oocytes and embryos. We have also used bioinformatic analysis to determine the evolutionary conservation of the ITGß5 protein among various species. Western blotting showed that ITGß5 protein was detectable in bull sperm. Moreover, results of RT-qPCR showed that levels of ITGß5 were significantly higher in the two-cell embryos, followed by the 8-16-cell embryos. However, no significant difference in expression levels were noted for the morula and blastocyst stages as compared to MII oocytes. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that ITGß5 is conserved among various species. We conclude that expression of ITGß5 in bovine gametes and embryos implies an important role in fertilisation and embryogenesis.

Four-dimensional flow MRI of stented versus stentless aortic valve bioprostheses.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate aortic velocity, wall shear stress (WSS) and viscous energy loss (EL) of stented and stentless bioprostheses using 4D flow MRI 1 year after surgical aortic valve replacement. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study 28 patients with stented (n = 14) or stentless (n = 14) bioprosthesis underwent non-contrast-enhanced 4D-flow MRI at 1.5 T. Analyses included a comparison of velocity, WSS and EL in the ascending aorta during peak systole for both spatially averaged values and a comparison of local differences using per-voxel analysis. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in peak and mean velocity (stented vs. stentless: 2.45 m/s vs. 2.11 m/s; p = 0.09 and 0.60 m/s vs. 0.62 m/s; p = 0.89), WSS (0.60 Pa vs. 0.59 Pa; p = 0.55) and EL (10.17 mW vs. 7.82 mW; p = 0.10). Per-voxel analysis revealed significantly higher central lumen velocity, and lower outer lumen velocity, WSS and EL for stentless versus stented prostheses. CONCLUSION: One year after aortic valve implantation with stented and stentless bioprostheses, velocity, WSS and EL were comparable when assessed for averaged values in the ascending aorta. However, the flow profile described with local analysis for stentless prosthesis is potentially favourable with a significantly higher central velocity profile and lower values for outer lumen velocity, WSS and EL. KEY POINTS: • Stentless bioprostheses can be implanted instead of stented aortic valve bioprostheses. • Haemodynamic performance of valve prosthesis can be assessed using 4D flow MRI. • Averaged ascending aorta PSV, WSS and EL are comparable 1 year post-implantation. • Centreline velocity is highest, WSS and EL is lowest for stentless prosthesis.

Office-Based Diagnosis of Demodex Using Smartphone.

Demodex is an important pathogen in ophthalmology. It is believed to cause a variety of eyelid and eyelash diseases. Currently, light microscopes are being used for imaging demodex. However, microscopes are not available everywhere. Also, it is not cost-effective to perform light microscopy in every case. In this case, we demonstrate a new method: imaging demodex using cell phone. A 90-diopter noncontact double aspheric lens was attached to the posterior camera of the smartphone with clear tape. An eyelash of a patient with blepharitis was removed. A video was taken using smartphone. There was a moving demodex parasite in the root of the eyelash. A clear video image could be taken using the smartphone. A smartphone and a 90-diopter lens are adequate for the imaging and diagnosis of demodex.

Testis specific histone 2B is associated with sperm chromatin dynamics and bull fertility-a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Bull fertility is the degree of sperm's ability to fertilize and activate the egg and support embryo development, and this is critical for herd reproductive performance. We used the bull as a unique model organism for the study of male fertility because cattle genetics and physiology is similar to those of other mammals including humans. Moreover, reliable fertility data along with well-established in vitro systems are available for bovine. The objective of this original study was to ascertain evolutionary diversification and expression dynamics of Testis Specific Histone 2B (TH2B) in sperm from Holstein bulls with different fertility scores. METHODS: The intensity of TH2B was determined by using flow cytometry in sperm from 13 high and 13 low fertility bulls. Expression levels of TH2B were measured using immunofluorescence and Western blotting in sperm from five high and five low fertility bulls. Sequence identity, evolutionary distance and interactome of TH2B were evaluated by dotmatcher, STRING and Cytoscape. Data were analyzed using linear mixed effects model and regression plots were drawn. RESULTS: The intensity of TH2B as measured by flow cytometry was significantly affected by an interaction between fertility group and fertility score (P = 0.0182). The intensity of TH2B in sperm from the high fertility group decreased (P = 0.0055) as fertility increased. TH2B was constantly detectable in sperm and expression levels of TH2B decreased in relation to fertility in sperm from the high fertility group (P = 0.018). TH2B biological functions include male gamete generation, chromosome organization, DNA packaging, DNA conformation change, chromatin organization, nucleosome organization, chromatin disassembly, spermatid nucleus elongation, spermatid nucleus differentiation, sperm motility, chromatin organization, chromatin condensation, chromatin silencing, nucleus organization, and chromatin remodeling (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We elucidated the cellular localization and molecular physiology of TH2B using both computational and cell biology approaches. In addition to advancing the fundamental science of mammalian male gamete, the present findings can be potentially used to evaluate semen quality and predict male fertility in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study did not involve any live animals. We did not perform any anesthesia, euthanasia, or any kind of animal sacrifice. The cryopreserved semen samples were obtained from Alta Genetics, Inc., Watertown, WI, USA. All samples were preserved in liquid nitrogen.

When Not to Go SOLO? Contraindications Based on Implant Experience.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Because of the design and specific implantation technique of the stentless Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis, patient selection is crucial. The aim of the study was to discuss the contraindications to this prosthesis based on the authors' implant experience. METHODS: Between April 2005 and February 2015, one surgeon at the authors' center performed 292 aortic valve replacements using a bioprosthesis, with the initial intention of implanting a SOLO valve in every patient. A search was conducted for all of these patients and data collected on whether a SOLO valve was used, or not. RESULTS: A SOLO valve was implanted in 238 patients (82%), and a stented bioprosthesis in 54 (18%). The predominant reasons not to implant a SOLO valve were asymmetric commissures (26%) and a large aortic annulus (24%). Only one patient had structural valve deterioration, and none of the patients had to undergo reoperation because of aortic valve insufficiency or paravalvular leakage. CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetric commissures, large aortic annulus (>27 mm), calcified aortic sinuses, dilated sinotubular junction, aberrant location of coronary ostia and whenever the stent of a stented bioprosthesis is useful, were contraindications to implant a SOLO valve. When these contraindications were taken into account, a very good durability could be achieved with the SOLO valve during mid-term follow up.

Quantitative Scheimpflug camera study of the lens density in healthy Turkish population.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between the age and the density of anterior, posterior, and nuclear parts of lens and detect the normal lens density (LD) values in different age groups. 370 eyes of 370 voluntary healthy Turkish subjects were included. These were divided in four groups according to their age. These were Group 1 (51-65 years), Group 2 (41-50 years), Group 3 (31-40 years) and Group 4 (20-30 years). LD values of anterior, nuclear, posterior, and total (average) were measured using Pentacam HR Scheimpflug camera system. Both eyes of each subject were scanned twice in automatic release and 50-picture 3-dimensional (3D) scan modes by one experienced observer. 207 of the participants were females and 163 were males, with a mean age of 40.57 ± 13.06 years. The differences between groups in terms of nuclear area, posterior area, and average LD measurements were significant but anterior area was not. The nuclear area and average LD had high positive correlation with age (r = 0.72, p < 0.001, r = 0.63, p < 0.001, respectively); posterior area LD had a weak negative correlation with age (r = -0.16, p = 0.001). The mean LD values between female and male subjects showed no significant difference. The anterior region of the lens has the highest and nuclear area has the lowest value of LD in young people. In older people, the anterior area did not show a significant change, nuclear and total areas showed a significant increase but posterior area showed a significant decrease.

Sperm protamine-status correlates to the fertility of breeding bulls.

During fertilization, spermatozoa make essential contributions to embryo development by providing oocyte activating factors, centrosomal components, and paternal chromosomes. Protamines are essential for proper packaging of sperm DNA; however, in contrast to the studies of oocyte-related female infertility, the influence of sperm chromatin structure on male infertility has not been evaluated extensively. The objective of this study was to determine the sperm chromatin content of bull spermatozoa by evaluating DNA fragmentation, chromatin maturity/protamination, PRM1 protein status, and nuclear shape in spermatozoa from bulls with different fertility. Relationships between protamine 1 (PRM1) and the chromatin integrity were ascertained in spermatozoa from Holstein bulls with varied (high vs. low) but acceptable fertility. Sperm DNA fragmentation and chromatin maturity (protamination) were tested using Halomax assay and toluidine blue staining, respectively. The PRM1 content was assayed using Western blotting and in-gel densitometry, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry. Fragmentation of DNA was increased and chromatin maturity significantly reduced in spermatozoa from low-fertility bulls compared to those from high-fertility bulls. Field fertility scores of the bulls were negatively correlated with the percentage of spermatozoa displaying reduced protamination and fragmented DNA using toluidine blue and Halomax, respectively. Bull fertility was also positively correlated with PRM1 content by Western blotting and flow cytometry. However, detection of PRM1 content by Western blotting alone was not predictive of bull fertility. In immunocytochemistry, abnormal spermatozoa showed either a lack of PRM1 or scattered localization in the apical/acrosomal region of the nuclei. The nuclear shape was distorted in spermatozoa from low-fertility bulls. In conclusion, we showed that inadequate amount and localization of PRM1 were associated with defects in sperm chromatin structure, coinciding with reduced fertility in bulls. These findings are highly significant because they reveal molecular and morphological phenotypes of mammalian spermatozoa that influence fertility.

Sperm superoxide dismutase is associated with bull fertility.

Decreasing mammalian fertility and sperm quality have created an urgent need to find effective methods to distinguish non-viable from viable fertilising spermatozoa. The aims of the present study were to evaluate expression levels of ?-tubulin 2C (TUBB2C), heat shock protein 10 (HSP10), hexokinase 1 (HXK1) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in spermatozoa from Holstein bulls with varying fertility using western blotting and to analyse the biological networks of these key sperm proteins using a bioinformatics software (Metacore; Thomson-Reuters, Philadelphia, PA, USA). The rationales behind this study were that the sperm proteins play crucial roles in fertilisation and early embryonic development in mammals and ascertaining the biological networks of the proteins helps us better understand sperm physiology and early mammalian development. The results showed that expression of SOD1 was higher in spermatozoa from high fertility bulls (PPin vivo bull fertility. The findings are important because they illuminate molecular and cellular determinants of sperm viability and the identified protein markers can be used to determine bull fertility.

Prolidase Enzyme Activity in Conjunctiva and Pterygium Tissues.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine prolidase activity in conjunctival tissue and its relationship with pterygium. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prolidase activity was measured in 23 pterygium and 25 healthy conjunctival tissues and the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS: Prolidase enzyme activity could not be measured in either the healthy conjunctival or in pterygium tissues. The mean serum prolidase levels of the control and pterygium groups were 967.46±353.64 and 858.29±301.83, respectively. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the groups with regard to serum prolidase levels (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, absence of prolidase activity in pterygium tissue indicates that there is no collagen turnover in this tissue. We may explain this finding with the elastin-rich structure of the conjunctiva.

The Relationship between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Olfactory Function.

BACKGROUND: Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of many neurodegenerative diseases, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease. OBJECTIVE: Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate olfactory functions in patients with AMD. METHODS: A total of 69 subjects with AMD and 69 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. After a complete ophthalmic evaluation, the AMD patients were subclassified as early- and late-stage AMD. Psychophysical testing of olfactory function was performed using the validated Sniffin' Sticks test. RESULTS: This study was carried out in 138 subjects, with a mean age of 74.3 ± 8.9 years (range 51-89). The current investigation showed the following two major findings: (1) patients with AMD had decreased olfactory abilities, especially in odor discrimination and odor identification, even at early stages compared to controls, whereas patients had decreased olfactory abilities in all subtasks of olfactory testings in advanced stages of AMD disease, and (2) as the visual acuity of AMD patients decreased, the olfactory abilities of these patients worsened. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that AMD had significant negative effects on all orthonasal olfactory tasks, particularly in advanced stages. Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, odor discrimination and identification seemed to be more affected than odor detection threshold tasks.

Postoperative changes in olfactory function after transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy.

PURPOSE: Transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy (TCL-DCR) is used much in recent years for the surgery of nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). Although TCL-DCR is accepted to be minimally invasive, safe, and effective, there is no report focusing on postoperative changes in olfactory function after this procedure. Hence, the aim of this current study was to investigate the changes in olfactory function after TCL-DCR procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out in 42 volunteers (16 men and 26 women) between the ages of 20 and 81 years. All participants received detailed lateralized olfactory tests preoperatively and at the postoperative first week, first month, third month, and sixth month. After lateralized olfactory tests were performed, the results were grouped according to the side of the nasal passage where the operation was performed for NLDO: the nonoperated side served as the control. RESULTS: The current investigation produced 2 major findings: (1) olfactory function decreased significantly after TCL-DCR procedure at the operated side of the nose compared with the nonoperated side; (2) olfactory abilities of the patients returned to normal within 3 months. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that transcanalicular diode laser could be used safely in terms of olfactory function for dacryocystorhinostomy. Temporary decrease of olfactory function on the side having TCL-DCR should be taken into account when obtaining informed patient consent.

Measurement of M-mode echocardiographic parameters in healthy adult Van cats.

Cardiomyopathies are the most common type of cardiac diseases in cats. Although some normal echocardiographic values for cats have been published, there are variations based on breeds and gender. The objective of this study is to determine normal reference values for M-mode echocardiographic parameters in nonsedated healthy adult Van cats and to compare those values with data reported for nonsedated healthy cats of other breeds. A total of 40 clinically healthy Van cats of both sexes belonging to the Van Cat Research and Application Center of Yuzuncu Yil University were used. Body weight (BW) and 16 M-mode echocardiographic variables were measured in 40 healthy Van cats. The effect of gender and age on each echocardiographic parameter was analyzed and the relationship between BW and each parameter investigated. There was a significant relationship between gender and left atrial dimension during ventricular systole (LAD) and aortic root dimension at end-diastole (AOD) as well as between BW and interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole (IVSd) and end-systole (IVSs), left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole (LVIDd), left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole (LVPWd), LAD, AOD, the left ventricular end diastolic volume (EDV) and the stroke volume (SV). A relationship between age and the SV parameter alone was also established. This present study is the first work on cardiac reference values for Van cats highlighting the differences in some M-mode echocardiographic parameters of healthy adult Van cats and other cat breeds, which should be considered when interpreting echocardiographic findings, in order to draw the correct conclusions regarding cardiac health.

Sperm long non-coding RNAs as markers for ram fertility.

It is critical in sheep farming to accurately estimate ram fertility for maintaining reproductive effectiveness and for production profitability. However, there is currently a lack of reliable biomarkers to estimate semen quality and ram fertility, which is hindering advances in animal science and technology. The objective of this study was to uncover long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in sperm from rams with distinct fertility phenotypes. Mature rams were allocated into two groups: high and low fertility (HF; n = 31; 94.5 ± 2.8%, LF; n = 25; 83.1 ± 5.73%; P = 0.028) according to the pregnancy rates sired by the rams (average pregnancy rate; 89.4 ± 7.2%). Total RNAs were isolated from sperm of the highest- and lowest-fertility rams (n = 4, pregnancy rate; 99.2 ± 1.6%, and 73.6 ± 4.4%, respectively) followed by next-generation sequencing of the transcripts. We uncovered 11,209 lncRNAs from the sperm of rams with HF and LF. In comparison to each other, there were 93 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs in sperm from the two distinct fertility phenotypes. Of these, 141 mRNAs were upregulated and 134 were downregulated between HF and LF, respectively. Genes commonly enriched for 9 + 2 motile cilium and sperm flagellum were ABHD2, AK1, CABS1, ROPN1, SEPTIN2, SLIRP, and TEKT3. Moreover, CABS1, CCDC39, CFAP97D1, ROPN1, SLIRP, TEKT3, and TTC12 were commonly enriched in flagellated sperm motility and sperm motility. Differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in the top 16 KEGG pathways. Targets of the differentially expressed lncRNAs elucidate functions in cis and trans manner using the genetic context of the lncRNA locus, and lncRNA sequences revealed 471 mRNAs targets of 10 lncRNAs. This study illustrates the existence of potential lncRNA biomarkers that can be implemented in analyzing the quality of ram sperm and determining the sperm fertility and is used in breeding soundness exams for precision livestock farming to ensure food security on a global scale.