Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 35
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Base de dados
País/Região como assunto
Ano de publicação
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Small ; 20(30): e2400019, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38770741

RESUMO

Miniaturized flow cytometry has significant potential for portable applications, such as cell-based diagnostics and the monitoring of therapeutic cell manufacturing, however, the performance of current techniques is often limited by the inability to resolve spectrally-overlapping fluorescence labels. Here, the study presents a computational hyperspectral microflow cytometer (CHC) that enables accurate discrimination of spectrally-overlapping fluorophores labeling single cells. CHC employs a dispersive optical element and an optimization algorithm to detect the full fluorescence emission spectrum from flowing cells, with a high spectral resolution of ≈3 nm in the range from 450 to 650 nm. CHC also includes a dedicated microfluidic device that ensures in-focus imaging through viscoelastic sheathless focusing, thereby enhancing the accuracy and reliability of microflow cytometry analysis. The potential of CHC for analyzing T lymphocyte subpopulations and monitoring changes in cell composition during T cell expansion is demonstrated. Overall, CHC represents a major breakthrough in microflow cytometry and can facilitate its use for immune cell monitoring.


Assuntos
Citometria de Fluxo , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Humanos , Linfócitos T/citologia , Algoritmos
2.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther ; 47(4): 239-251, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38654516

RESUMO

In recent years, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of predatory journals has increased significantly. Predatory journals exploit the "open-access model" by engaging in deceptive practices such as charging high publication fees without providing the expected quality and performing insufficient or no peer review. Such behaviors undermine the integrity of scientific research and can result in researchers having trouble identifying reputable publication opportunities, particularly early-career researchers who struggle to understand and establish the correct criteria for publication in reputable journals. Publishing in journals that do not fully cover the criteria for scientific publication is also an ethical issue. This review aimed to describe the characteristics of predatory journals, differentiate between reliable and predatory journals, investigate the reasons that lead researchers to publish in predatory journals, evaluate the negative impact of predatory publications on the scientific community, and explore future perspectives. The authors also provide some considerations for researchers (particularly early-career researchers) when selecting journals for publication, explaining the role of metrics, databases, and artificial intelligence in manuscript preparation, with a specific focus on and relevance to publication in veterinary medicine.


Assuntos
Publicações Periódicas como Assunto , Medicina Veterinária , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/normas , Editoração , Humanos , Animais , Pesquisadores , COVID-19 , Publicação de Acesso Aberto , Revisão da Pesquisa por Pares
3.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(11)2024 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38892310

RESUMO

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer types, indicating a poor survival prognosis with a more aggressive biology of metastasis to the lung and a short response duration to available therapies. Ibulocydine (IB) is a novel (cyclin-dependent kinase) CDK7/9 inhibitor prodrug displaying potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer cell types. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine whether IB inhibits metastasis and eventually overcomes the poor drug response in TNBC. The result showed that IB inhibited the growth of TNBC cells by inducing caspase-mediated apoptosis and blocking metastasis by reducing MMP-9 expression in vitro. Concurrently, in vivo experiments using the metastasis model showed that IB inhibited metastasis of MDA-MB-231-Luc cells to the lung. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IB inhibited the growth of TNBC cells and blocked metastasis by regulating MMP-9 expression, suggesting a novel therapeutic agent for metastatic TNBC.


Assuntos
Movimento Celular , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/genética , Humanos , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/patologia , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/metabolismo , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Animais , Camundongos , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Camundongos Nus
4.
Vet Med (Praha) ; 69(1): 8-17, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38465002

RESUMO

Asian sand dust (ASD), also called China dust or yellow dust, mainly occurs in East Asia during spring and autumn. Because ASD enters the body mainly through the respiratory system, it can cause respiratory disorders or worsen underlying diseases. Because of this, it has become an important health concern that threatens the well-being of humans and animals. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15 and 30 mg/kg of Pycnogenol (PYC15 and 30 groups), a pine bark extract, on ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. We evaluated the inflammatory cell counts, inflammatory cytokines, and matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in animal models. PYC administration significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration into lung tissue; this was accompanied by a reduction in the levels of proinflammatory mediators including interleukin (IL)-1ß (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.01) and tumour necrosis factor-α (P < 0.01) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of ASD-exposed mice (ASD group). Histological analysis revealed that PYC suppressed ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation. Moreover, PYC suppressed the levels of matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in the lung tissue of ASD-exposed mice, indicating that PYC reduced ASD-induced pulmonary inflammation by suppressing MMP-9. Together, these results indicate that PYC as the potential to treat ASD-driven pulmonary inflammation.

5.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) ; 69(15): 167-173, 2023 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38279455

RESUMO

Inflammatory responses are involved in various diseases, such as insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and hypogonadism. This study investigates the effects of SCE on anti-inflammation and molecular mechanisms in LPS-induced macrophages. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were treated with LPS for 24 hr, followed by SCE, schisandrin C (Sch C) (1, 10, and 100 µM), and gomisin N (GN) (1, 10, and 100 µM) for 24 hr. Gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured by qPCR. Protein expression of NLPR3 inflammasome was examined by western blot analysis. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNFα, were significantly reduced after SCE treatment. Sch C significantly inhibits these pro-inflammatory cytokines, while GN suppresses only IL6. Furthermore, Sch C significantly prevented the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome complexes such as NLRP3 and caspase-1. Sch C is the major active compound of SCE on anti-inflammation through attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome.


Assuntos
Lignanas , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR , Compostos Policíclicos , Schisandra , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/genética , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/metabolismo , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Frutas , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/farmacologia , Ciclo-Octanos
6.
Clin Case Rep ; 12(4): e8744, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38654936

RESUMO

Multidisciplinary team collaboration in the diagnosis of rare tumors such as parosteal lipoma is highly important, especially when suspicious of malignancy. The use of radiological and physical examinations is imperative to monitor recurrence and quality of life.

7.
Antibiotics (Basel) ; 13(4)2024 Apr 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38667048

RESUMO

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a mixture of therapeutically active C1, C1a, C2 and other minor components. Despite its decades-long use in pigs and other species, its intramuscular (IM) pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PKs/PDs) are unknown in piglets. Furthermore, the PKs of many drugs differ between healthy and sick animals. Therefore, we investigated the PKs of gentamicin after a single IM dose (10 mg/kg) in healthy piglets and piglets that were intranasally co-infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida (PM). The plasma concentrations were measured using validated liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The gentamicin exposure was 36% lower based on the area under the plasma concentration-time curve and 16% lower based on the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) in the infected piglets compared to the healthy piglets, while it was eliminated faster (shorter half-life and larger clearance) in the infected piglets compared to the healthy piglets. The clearance and volume of distribution were the highest for the C1 component. C1, C1a and C2 accounted for 22-25%, 33-37% and 40-42% of the total gentamicin exposure, respectively. The PK/PD target for the efficacy of aminoglycosides (Cmax/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 10) could be exceeded for PM, with a greater magnitude in the healthy piglets. We suggest integrating this PK information with antibiotic susceptibility data for other bacteria to make informed antibiotic and dosage regimen selections against piglet infections.

8.
Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) ; 39(1): 127-139, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38417829

RESUMO

BACKGRUOUND: Hepatic steatosis, which involves the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes, presents a significant global health concern due to its association with obesity and metabolic disorders. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatic steatosis; however, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for this process remain unknown. METHODS: This study investigated the involvement of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the forkhead box O6 (FoxO6) transcription factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. We monitored the NLRP3 inflammasome and lipogenesis in mice overexpressing the constitutively active (CA)-FoxO6 allele and FoxO6-null mice. In an in vitro study, we administered palmitate to liver cells overexpressing CA-FoxO6 and measured changes in lipid metabolism. RESULTS: We administered palmitate treatment to clarify the mechanisms through which FoxO6 activates cytokine interleukin (IL)-1ß through the NLRP3 inflammasome. The initial experiments revealed that dephosphorylation led to palmitate-induced FoxO6 transcriptional activity. Further palmitate experiments showed increased expression of IL-1ß and the hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome complex, including adaptor protein apoptotic speck protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and pro-caspase-1. Furthermore, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a key regulator of cellular redox conditions upstream of the NLRP3 inflammasome, was induced by FoxO6 in the liver and HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study shed light on the molecular mechanisms underpinning the FoxO6-NLRP3 inflammasome axis in promoting inflammation and lipid accumulation in the liver.


Assuntos
Inflamassomos , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR , Animais , Camundongos , Inflamassomos/metabolismo , Inflamação/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/genética , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/metabolismo , Palmitatos
9.
Food Sci Biotechnol ; 33(8): 1939-1946, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38752108

RESUMO

Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a key event in extracellular matrix accumulation, causing hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, identifying chemicals that inhibit HSC activation is an important therapeutic strategy for hepatic fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of paeonol on HSC activation. In LX-2 cells, paeonol inhibited the expression of collagen and decreased the expression of HSC activation markers. In mice with thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis, paeonol treatment decreased the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase and mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin, platelet-derived growth factor-ß, and connective-tissue growth factor. Investigation of the underlying molecular mechanism of paeonol showed that paeonol inhibits the SMAD2/3 and STAT3 signaling pathways that are important for HSC activation. On the basis of these results, paeonol should be investigated and developed further for hepatic fibrosis treatment. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01440-9.

10.
Orthopedics ; : 1-6, 2024 Aug 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39163606

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We conducted a study to investigate the relationship between a mental health diagnosis (MHD) and postoperative outcomes in orthopedic patients with bone and soft tissue sarcoma. We hypothesized that patients with sarcoma with a preoperative MHD would have worse outcomes and more postoperative complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 356 patients who underwent surgical treatment for bone or soft tissue sarcoma. Patients were divided into two groups: those with a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and/or schizophrenia and those with no previous MHD. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests. RESULTS: Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences between the MHD group and the control group in three outcomes: length of stay, 90-day readmission rate, and incidence of surgical site infections. Subgroup analysis of the MHD group yielded significantly higher 90-day readmission rates for patients who were diagnosed during sarcoma treatment. CONCLUSION: Patients with sarcoma and an MHD had a longer postoperative hospital stay, an increased 90-day readmission rate, and a greater risk of surgical site infection. Given the rising prevalence of mental health disorders nationwide, orthopedic surgeons should be aware of differences in postoperative outcomes between patients with sarcoma with and without mental illness. [Orthopedics. 20XX;4X(X):XXX-XXX.].

11.
J Orthop Res ; 42(9): 2088-2094, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38578623

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to identify trends in the use of functional outcome measures within orthopedic oncology. The search engine, PubMed, was reviewed for all articles over an 11-year period from 2011 to 2021 from five major journals that publish in the field of orthopedic oncology. The functional outcome measures used in the articles were recorded along with study date, study design, clinical topic/pathology, and level of evidence. Out of 5968 musculoskeletal tumor-focused articles reviewed, 293 (4.9%) included at least one outcome measure. A total of 28 different outcome tools were identified. The most popular were Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score (61.1%) and Toronto Extremity Salvage (TESS) score (14.0%), followed by 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) (4.1%) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (3.8%). The use of MSTS scores decreased by 0.7% each year, whereas PROMIS increased by 1.2% each year. Seventy-four articles used more than one outcome measure. Of these 74 articles, 61 had the MSTS as one of the outcome measures. Orthopedic oncology utilizes functional outcome measures less commonly in comparison to other orthopedic subspecialties. However, this may be due in large part to orthopedic oncologists putting more emphasis on outcomes such as local recurrence, implant failure, and mortality. MSTS score is the most widely used functional outcome measure, but the utilization of PROMIS has increased recently, and could be the next step in evaluating outcomes in orthopedic oncology as it is patient-derived rather than physician-derived.


Assuntos
Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Ortopedia/tendências , Neoplasias Ósseas/terapia , Oncologia/tendências , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente
12.
J Ginseng Res ; 48(2): 181-189, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38465217

RESUMO

Background: Cigarette smoke is generally accepted as a major contributor to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by emphysematous lesions. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against cigarette smoke condensate (CSC)-induced emphysema. Methods: Mice were instilled with 50 mg/kg of CSC intranasally once a week for 4 weeks, KRG was administered to the mice once daily for 4 weeks at doses of 100 or 300 mg/kg, and dexamethasone (DEX, positive control) was administered to the mice once daily for 2 weeks at 3 mg/kg. Results: KRG markedly decreased the macrophage population in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and reduced emphysematous lesions in the lung tissues. KRG suppressed CSC-induced apoptosis as revealed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling staining and Caspase 3 immunohistochemistry. Additionally, KRG effectively inhibited CSC-mediated activation of Bcl-2-associated X protein/Caspase 3 signaling, followed by the induction of cell survival signaling, including vascular endothelial growth factor/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B in vivo and in vitro. The DEX group also showed similar improved results in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion: Taken together, KRG effectively inhibits macrophage-mediated emphysema induced by CSC exposure, possibly via the suppression of pro-apoptotic signaling, which results in cell survival pathway activation. These findings suggest that KRG has therapeutic potential for the prevention of emphysema in COPD patients.

13.
J Psychosom Res ; 179: 111618, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38412653

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to explore the relationship between weekend catch-up sleep (WCUS) and the risk of prediabetes/diabetes and to assess how this risk varies based on WCUS duration, using a large population sample in South Korea. METHODS: Data were sourced from the 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, involving 2472 subjects aged 30 years and above, employed, and not using blood glucose-lowering medications. Prediabetes/diabetes risk was examined based on the presence of WCUS. Participants were categorized into four groups by WCUS duration (< 1, ≥ 1 and < 2, ≥ 2 and < 3, and ≥ 3 h) to evaluate the prediabetes/diabetes risk across varying WCUS durations. RESULTS: No significant difference in prediabetes/diabetes risk was observed between the WCUS and non-WCUS groups. In subgroup analysis, a WCUS duration of 1 to 2 h was related to a lower odds ratio of prediabetes (aOR = 0.618, 95% CI = 0.382-0.999), while 3 h or more was associated with a higher odds ratio of diabetes (aOR = 3.098, 95% CI = 1.561-6.149). CONCLUSIONS: In individuals who experience insufficient sleep during weekdays and manage to achieve the optimal average sleep duration of 1 to 2 h of WCUS, WCUS was associated with improved blood glucose regulation. However, compensating for excessive weekday sleep deprivation with WCUS of 3 h or more was associated with impaired blood glucose regulation.


Assuntos
Estado Pré-Diabético , Humanos , Estado Pré-Diabético/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Glicemia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Sono/fisiologia , Privação do Sono/complicações
14.
Comput Biol Med ; 175: 108494, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38688124

RESUMO

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Aortic dissection (AD) is a serious condition requiring rapid and accurate diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of AD by presenting a novel method for aortic segmentation in computed tomography images that uses a combination of a transformer and a UNet cascade network with a Zoom-Out and Zoom-In scheme (ZOZI-seg). METHODS: The proposed method segments each compartment of the aorta, comprising the true lumen (TL), false lumen (FL), and thrombosis (TH) using a cascade strategy that captures both the global context (anatomical structure) and the local detail texture based on the dynamic patch size with ZOZI schemes. The ZOZI-seg model has a two-stage architecture using both a "3D transformer for panoptic context-awareness" and a "3D UNet for localized texture refinement." The unique ZOZI strategies for patching were demonstrated in an ablation study. The performance of our proposed ZOZI-seg model was tested using a dataset from Asan Medical Center and compared with those of existing models such as nnUNet and nnFormer. RESULTS: In terms of segmentation accuracy, our method yielded better results, with Dice similarity coefficients (DSCs) of 0.917, 0.882, and 0.630 for TL, FL, and TH, respectively. Furthermore, we indirectly compared our model with those in previous studies using an external dataset to evaluate its robustness and generalizability. CONCLUSIONS: This approach may help in the diagnosis and treatment of AD in different clinical situations and provide a strong basis for further research and clinical applications.


Assuntos
Dissecção Aórtica , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Algoritmos
15.
J Orthop Res ; 42(7): 1599-1607, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38323639

RESUMO

Osteoporosis is the most common chronic metabolic bone disease, and the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures is rapidly increasing with the aging population. While bisphosphonates can reduce bone loss and risk of fracture, these drugs are systemic, rely on long-term use, and patient compliance is low. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is an FDA-approved protein that can offer a more targeted therapeutic than systemic treatments. DWIVA is a peptide sequence corresponding to the wrist epitope of BMP-2, and DWIVA-functionalized hydrogels feature osteoinductive propertiesin vitro and in vivo. This study reports that self-forming DWIVA-functionalized hydrogels injected into the intramedullary canal of rat femurs induce a local increase in trabecular bone in as little as 2 weeks. Increases in bone volume, trabecular thickness, and trabeculae count from DWIVA-laden hydrogels persist for at least 4 weeks, and the inclusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly enhances the development of mineralized bone. Histological analysis of decalcified femurs also shows that hydrogel injections containing DWIVA peptide and MSCs stimulate unmineralized bone tissue formation and induce an increased count of osteoblasts and osteoclasts at the injection site after 4 weeks. Overall, the MSC-laden DWIVA peptide-functionalized hydrogels presented rapidly induce targeted bone formation and have the potential to form nascent bone within bones in jeopardy of an osteoporotic fracture such as the femur.


Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2 , Hidrogéis , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/administração & dosagem , Animais , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Feminino , Transplante de Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/métodos , Fêmur/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Desenvolvimento Ósseo/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos/administração & dosagem , Peptídeos/farmacologia
16.
Psychiatry Investig ; 21(5): 457-463, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38810994

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the existing literature on the relationship between hypnotics and dementia, considering both potential link and inconclusive or lack of association. METHODS: Data from studies that investigate the association between hypnotic medications and dementia were reviewed. Studies included both cohort studies and systematic reviews, participants with various type of dementia and hypnotics including benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs (ZDs). RESULTS: The existing literatures presents conflicting evidence regarding the association between hypnotics, including BZDs and ZDs, and the risk of dementia. Some studies suggest a potential link between prolonged use of hypnotics and an increased risk of dementia. However, other studies indicate inconclusive or lacking evidence regarding this association. Factors such as study design, sample characteristics, and control of confounding variables contribute to the variability in findings. CONCLUSION: The relationship between hypnotics and dementia remains complex and controversial. While some studies suggest a potential association, others find inconclusive or conflicting evidence. Future research should focus on addressing methodological limitations, considering classifying dementia subtypes, and try to adjust medication lag time.

17.
Nutrients ; 16(14)2024 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39064710

RESUMO

Ageratum conyzoides, an annual herbaceous plant that inhabits tropical and subtropical regions, has been traditionally used in Asia, Africa, and South America for phytotherapy to treat infectious and inflammatory conditions. However, the pharmacological effects of standardized ethanolic extract of Ageratum conyzoides (ACE) on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remain unexplored. The objective of this research is to examine the potential physiological impacts of ACE, a traditionally utilized remedy for inflammatory ailments, in a rat model with BPH induced by testosterone propionate (TP). Rats were subcutaneously administered TP (3 mg/kg) to induce BPH and concurrently orally administered ACE (20, 50, and 100 mg/kg) daily for 42 days. ACE markedly improved BPH characteristics, including prostate weight, prostate index, and epithelial thickness, while also suppressing androgens and related hormones. The findings were supported by a decrease in androgen receptor and downstream signals associated with BPH in the prostate tissues of the ACE groups. Furthermore, increased apoptotic signals were observed in the prostate tissue of the ACE groups, along with heightened detection of the apoptotic nucleus compared to the BPH alone group. These changes seen in the group that received finasteride were similar to those observed in this group. These findings suggest that ACE shows promise as an alternative phytotherapeutic agent for treating BPH.


Assuntos
Ageratum , Apoptose , Proliferação de Células , Extratos Vegetais , Próstata , Hiperplasia Prostática , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Masculino , Animais , Hiperplasia Prostática/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperplasia Prostática/induzido quimicamente , Hiperplasia Prostática/patologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Próstata/efeitos dos fármacos , Próstata/patologia , Ratos , Ageratum/química , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Testosterona/sangue , Propionato de Testosterona , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia
18.
Psychiatry Investig ; 2024 Aug 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39155554

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder characterized by recurrent airway obstruction during sleep. Previous western studies have investigated the link between medical disorders and the pathophysiology of OSA. The prevalence and comorbidity rates of OSA; however, vary across different countries and racial groups. This study aimed to delve into medical comorbidities in patients with OSA using a large nationwide healthcare database in Korea. METHODS: This nationwide study used the Korean National Health Insurance claims database (2010-2019). The effect of OSA on the incidence of medical disorders was estimated using the Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) model. The results were reported as crude and adjusted HRs with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analysis was conducted by sex and age. RESULTS: In total, 103,785 patients with OSA and 207,570 patients without OSA were included. OSA group had significantly higher HRs for ischemic heart disease and stroke even after adjusting for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The OSA group also showed an increased risk of metabolic syndrome-related diseases, chronic kidney disease, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Female patients with OSA exhibited notably higher rates of comorbid liver cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma. The cardiovascular burden of patients increased in accordance with the patients' age. CONCLUSION: Korean patients with OSA have a significantly increased risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, which aligns with the previous studies conducted in the western countries. This result holds particular significance as it represents the first nationwide, population-based study conducted in Asia.

19.
J Ginseng Res ; 48(1): 52-58, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38223821

RESUMO

Background: Skeletal muscle denervation leads to motor neuron degeneration, which in turn reduces muscle fiber volumes. Recent studies have revealed that apoptosis plays a role in regulating denervation-associated pathologic muscle wasting. Korean red ginseng (KRG) has various biological activities and is currently widely consumed as a medicinal product worldwide. Among them, ginseng has protective effects against muscle atrophy in in vivo and in vitro. However, the effects of KRG on denervation-induced muscle damage have not been fully elucidated. Methods: We induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice by dissecting the sciatic nerves, administered KRG, and then analyzed the muscles. KRG was administered to the mice once daily for 3 weeks at 100 and 400 mg/kg/day doses after operation. Results: KRG treatment significantly increased skeletal muscle weight and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle fiber volume in injured areas and reduced histological alterations in TA muscle. In addition, KRG treatment reduced denervation-induced apoptotic changes in TA muscle. KRG attenuated p53/Bax/cytochrome c/Caspase 3 signaling induced by nerve injury in a dose-dependent manner. Also, KRG decreases protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, reducing restorative myogenesis. Conclusion: Thus, KRG has potential protective role against denervation-induced muscle atrophy. The effect of KRG treatment was accompanied by reduced levels of mitochondria-associated apoptosis.

20.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci ; 22(3): 431-441, 2024 Aug 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39069682

RESUMO

Objective: : Diagnosing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults is often hard. This study aimed to determine differences in absolute EEG power and frontal asymmetry between individuals with ADHD and non-ADHD in young adults aged 18-30 years. Methods: : Young adult (age: 18-30 years) outpatients (n = 103) including ADHD patients (n = 51) and non-ADHD patients (n = 52) were enrolled. QEEG was performed for both groups for each region of the brain. The absolute power of each frequency measured in three frontal regions (Lt., Mid., Rt.) of the scalp area was compared between the two groups. Differences between the two groups including theta/beta ratio were compared. Frontal asymmetries were also evaluated for prefrontal (Fp2-Fp1), middle frontal (F4-F3), lateral frontal (F8-F7) pairs at all frequencies. Correlation analysis was performed for absolute powers, frontal asymmetry, and Stroop tests. Results: : Demographic data, neuropsychological tests, and psychiatric symptoms were not significantly different between the two groups. Delta band was significantly increased while beta band was decreased in the middle frontal area of the ADHD group as compared with those of the non-ADHD group. For frontal asymmetries, all frequencies in the middle frontal area were more rightward in ADHD patients than in non-ADHD patients. Absolute powers in delta, beta band, and frontal asymmetry in all frequencies had correlations with Stroop tests. Conclusion: : This study revealed that ADHD patients had significant differences in absolute powers in delta, beta bands, and frontal asymmetries in all frequencies. Our findings suggest that QEEG can be a helpful tool for diagnosing ADHD in psychiatric patients.

SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA