[New developments in depot inotophoresis of copper compounds]. / Neue Entwicklungen zur Depot-Ionophorese von Kupferverbindungen.

By means of two methods of the depot ionophoresis using an exterior voltage source and the galvanic pin element, polyvalent bactericidal compounds can be transported from a depot of copper calcium hydroxide into all arms of the apical delta. The method of working and long-term effects are described.

[Mineral sealing of dental enamel for caries prevention; basis and possibilities]. / Mineralische Schmelzversiegelung zur Kariesprophylaxe, ihre Grundlagen und Möglichkeiten.

When sealing enamel minerally with enamel sealing liquid, highly polymerised silicic acids are deposited in water medium from fluorosilicates. This method makes it possible to cover the enamel completely as can be proved by scan electronmicroscopic and solution experiments. Even the predilection sites for caries are covered. As fluorides which are deposited at the same time, especially copper fluoride, diffuse into the silicic acid polymerisate and are able to produce effects in the vicinity, this method represents a combination of enamel sealing with optimal local fluoridation.

[Preparation of not completely accessible root canals by means of depot iontophoresis with an exterior iontrophoresis device]. / Zur Aufbereitung nicht voll zugänglicher Wurzelkanäle durch Depot-Ionophorese mit äusserer Spannungsquelle.

The two depot ionophoresis processes (depot ionophoresis with the depot ionophoresis device is used here) are shown experimentally and argued theoretically to be capable of dissolving the content of the entire root canal system by alkaline proteolysis and of removing the oligopeptides (peptones) formed from the canal system via the apical foramen by electrophoresis. The canal is then freed from all organic residues. In this way the majority of roots which cannot be prepared mechanically are fundamentally treatable.

[Closing of the filling cleft with copper and mercury compounds in fillings of silver-tin amalgams]. / Füllungsspaltdichtung durch Kupfer und Hg-Bindung bei Silber-Zinn-Amalgamen.

After measuring the tearing pressure of bubbles, the remaining marginal fissures (unavoidable with silver-tin amalgams) were completely eliminated by cauterizing cavities with an activated copper suspension. The effect is based on the activated copper forming voluminous basic Cu compounds. This procedure gives the silver-tin amalgam the bactericidal characteristics of a copper amalgam but essentially higher marginal strength. As expected, the teeth were not discolored. Measurement of mercury vapor showed a distinct decrease in the release of mercury vapor in the direction of the cavity.

[Effect of calciumhydroxide and its modified forms]. / Zur Wirkung des Calciumhydroxids und modifizierter Präparate.

As diffusion experiments show, the singular physicochemical properties which give calcium hydroxide a special place in dentistry only apply to water-containing pastes. With organic hardeners, setting preparations based on "calcium hydroxide" do not have this property and cannot replace water-containing pastes of calcium hydroxide. Partial carbonation of Ca (OH)2 by absorption of CO2 from air does not lead to any lowering of pH of the Ca(OH)2 paste. The pH of the calcium hydroxide determined potentiometrically at 20 degrees C was 13.0.

[Solubility and absorption of magnesium fluoride in the intestinal tract]. / Zur Löslichkeit und Resorption von Magnesiumfluorid im Intestinaltrakt.

The solubility rate of various substances was determined via solubility experiments using magnesium fluoride on various specific surfaces. This rate controls the resorption of fluorine ions from MgF2 during its passage through the intestinal tract. The solubility rate for MgF2, as for other hard-to-dissolve substances, is proportional to the specific surface and the mass of the substance. In light of this information, resorption tests with magnesium fluoride showed that this compound is "biodisposable". The amount of fluorine which will be resorbed from MgF2 can be estimated.

[The salivary fluoride level after administration of fluorides and fluoride complex salts]. / Der Fluorspiegel des Speichels nach Einnahme von Fluoriden und Fluorokomplexsalzen.

Compounds of fluorine and Si or Fe are found in nature and are sometimes formed from F ions in the stomach. The chemistry of the release of resorbable F ions from such compounds in the intestinal tract is described. To demonstrate fluorine availability at the enamel surface daily profiles of fluorine concentration in the saliva of seven subjects after a single administration of a NaF and Na3FeF6 tablet are presented and their effect on the remineralization of the dental enamel described.

[Simulation studies on depot iontophoresis]. / Simulationsversuche zur Depot-Ionophorese.

The rapidity with which OH-ions as well as long-acting Cu-compounds are transported from a depot of copper calcium hydroxide through all canals of the apical delta to all openings of the delta even when mechanically inaccessible is demonstrated by means of model experiments in extracted teeth.