RESUMO
We study disordered interacting bosons described by the Bose-Hubbard model with Gaussian-distributed random tunneling amplitudes. It is shown that the off-diagonal disorder induces a spin-glass-like ground state, characterized by randomly frozen quantum-mechanical U(1) phases of bosons. To access criticality, we employ the "n-replica trick," as in the spin-glass theory, and the Trotter-Suzuki method for decomposition of the statistical density operator, along with numerical calculations. The interplay between disorder, quantum, and thermal fluctuations leads to phase diagrams exhibiting a glassy state of bosons, which are studied as a function of model parameters. The considered system may be relevant for quantum simulators of optical-lattice bosons, where the randomness can be introduced in a controlled way. The latter is supported by a proposition of experimental realization of the system in question.
RESUMO
We present the outcomes of lateral, subtotal, and total petrosectomies in patients with invasion of the temporal bone by specific primary cancers, with particular emphasis on survival in the advanced stages of disease. We made a retrospective study of 20 consecutive patients (squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone, n=11, and primary cancer of the parotid gland with infiltration of the lateral skull base, n=9) treated by total, subtotal, or lateral petrosectomy at the University Department of Otolaryngology, a tertiary referral centre, between June 2006 and December 2010. Fourteen of the 20 patients were alive at the time of analysis, and follow-up ranged from 36-60 months. Six of seven patients whose disease relapsed (4 local and 3 distant metastases) died. The three-year, disease-free survival was 65% and the overall survival 68%. Survival between those with temporal bone and parotid tumours did not differ significantly. The combined group survival was affected by involvement of invaded resection margins (n=6, p=0.03). Involved margins were significant in the development of recurrence (p=0.03). Tumour stage, nodal involvement, type of operation, sex, age, skin involvement, facial palsy, and previous history of disease had no impact on prognosis. There was a significant difference in the survival curves of patients with carcinoma of the temporal bone with and without facial paresis (n=6 compared with n=5; p=0.046). Two of 11 free flaps required revision of the anastomoses, but none was lost.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Invasividade Neoplásica , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Osso Temporal/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Humanos , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The interaction of dioxygen with various tetrahedral aluminum alkyls, (tBu)3Al.OEt2 (1), tBu2Al(mu-OtBu)2AltBu2 (6), (tBu)2Al(mesal) (2) [mesal=methyl salicylate anion], R2Al(mu-pz)2AlR2 [pz=deprotonated pyrazole, R= Me (3a), Et (3b), and tBu (3c)], R2Al(mu-3,5-Me2pz)2AIR2[3,5-Me2pz = deprotonated 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, R= Me (4a), and Et (4b)], and Et2B(mu-pz)2AlEt2 (5), has been investigated. We were particularly interested in the effect of steric hindrances both caused by the metal-bonded substituents and those that result from the nature of the bifunctional ligand used in the oxygenation reaction. In the reaction of 1 with O2, only the formation of the monoalkoxide compound6 was observed. The latter di-tert-butyl compound as well as all planar aluminapyrazoles, that is, the tert-butyl derivative 3c and lower alkylaluminum derivatives with the more demanding 3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl ligands 4a and 4b, are stable under an atmosphere of dry oxygen and ambient conditions. Inspection of the space-filling representation of these compounds has undoubtedly shown that the bulky tert-butyl groups or pyrazolyles ligands, respectively, provide steric protection for the metal center from the dioxygen attack. In contrast, the dialkylaluminum derivatives of pyrazole, 3a and 3b, and the diethylaluminum bis(1-pyrazolyl)borate complex 5, all with the metal center eclipsed with respect to the plane defined by the four nitrogen atoms, react smoothly with O2 to form the alkyl(alkoxy)aluminum complexes. In the reaction of 5 with O2 for example, the Et-B bonds remained intact, and the dimeric five-coordinate compound [Et2B(mu-pz)2 Al(mu-OEt)Et]2 (9) was isolated in good yield. The interaction of mononuclear di-tert-butyl chelate complex 2 with O2 at -15 degrees C gives (tBuOO)(tBuO)Al(mu-OtBu)2Al(mesal)2 (7) in high yield, and the presence of the alkylperoxo moiety is a particularly significant point in the resulting product. All the compounds have been characterized spectroscopically, and the structures of 3c, 4a, 6, 7, and 9 have been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Structural features of 1-6 are discussed and are considered in relation to the possible approach pathways of the O2 molecule to the four-coordinate metal center. This analysis and the observed apparent dissimilarity in the reactions of model four-coordinate aluminum alkyls with O2 clearly show that the stereoelectronic prerequisites are responsible for the fundamentally different reactivity.
RESUMO
Growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and neurotrophins, recently identified in the inner ear of guinea pigs, exert their proliferative properties partly through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK1/2). In order to demonstrate presence of ERK1/2 in the inner ear we performed immunohistochemical analysis using specific antibodies to inactive and activated ERK1/2 on paraffin-sections of temporal bones from guinea pigs (n=5). In the cochlea clear immunoreactivity to inactive ERK1/2 was predominant in the spiral ligament, in the organ of Corti (intensive staining in supporting cells, faint staining in sensory cells) and limbus epithelium, while spiral ganglion cells and nerve fibres revealed weak staining. Activated ERK1/2 could be detected sparely in the spiral ligament exclusively. In the vestibule inactive ERK1/2 was located in the sensory epithelium, in nerve fibres and in vascular endothelium, while activated ERK1/2 could be detected in few nerve fibres and synaptic endings (buttons and calyces) on hair cells of the maculae and crests and in the endothelium of few blood vessels. These findings provide evidence that activated ERK1/2, as a general downstream signal of growth factors, may be contributed in the inner ear physiology.
Assuntos
Orelha Interna/enzimologia , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/análise , Animais , Proteínas de Bactérias , Feminino , Cobaias , Peroxidase do Rábano Silvestre , Imuno-Histoquímica , Proteína Quinase 3 Ativada por Mitógeno , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/biossíntese , Coloração e RotulagemRESUMO
In 1996 the Polish Skull Base Surgery Society was founded and assembled mainly otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons from several dozen clinics and hospital wards. Its main aim was to encourage co-operation between those two specialties. For this reason among others a common project entitled: "Epidemiology of acoustic neuromas in Poland" was launched in 1997. Information was collected from questionnaires in seven neurosurgery and in three laryngology centres in the years from 1997-1998. So far, no epidemiology of acoustic neuromas was established for the population of Poland. In this span of time 72 patients were operated. The agreement upon similar criteria, terminology and ways of evaluating the treatment results was quite a problem. Most cases were found in patients in their fifties (19 cases) and sixties (15 cases), mostly women. The average duration of the symptoms was 43 months. Large tumours predominated in the study group--T4 in the Samii (67%), and > 26 mm in the Tos (74%) classification. Most commonly, the patients were subjected to computer tomography in the preoperative period. All patients were treated surgically, with the retrosinusoid approach predominating. Only in one case, the translabyrinthal approach was used. Authors of this work are all participants of the project. Despite the fact that the number of performed operations is not too high, the fact of co-operative studies on the results by representatives of those two specialties can be considered a success. Hopefully, in the next years it will gradually be possible to widen the scope of the project and obtain more precise information.
Assuntos
Neuroma Acústico , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neuroma Acústico/complicações , Neuroma Acústico/diagnóstico , Neuroma Acústico/epidemiologia , Neuroma Acústico/cirurgia , Polônia/epidemiologia , Período Pós-Operatório , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
In the years 1980-1995 60 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck of different localization were treated at the Department of Otolaryngology. Majority of the tumors originated of the major salivary glands was parotid gland (24 cases). The most common location among the tumor of the minor salivary glands was the palate (5 cases). The tumors arising from others mucous glands, most frequently has located in the maxillo-etmoideal complex (12 cases). The authors stress diagnostic difficulties, the necessity of a proper selection of the surgical method and postoperative radiotherapy, describing the treatment results in the patients. Radical surgical procedure of the adenoid cystic carcinoma yields optimal local control and survival rates.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/mortalidade , Osso Etmoide/patologia , Maxila/patologia , Neoplasias Maxilares/mortalidade , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cranianas/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/radioterapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Maxilares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Maxilares/radioterapia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cranianas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cranianas/radioterapia , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
The span of time between the appearance of the first symptoms of larynx cancer and the moment it is diagnosed in Poland amounts to approximately 6 months. It is the result primarily of the fact that patients tend to consult a doctor late after the symptoms show as they underestimate them due to their lack of knowledge concerning their nature. In some cases the diagnosis may be difficult to give even for a specialist. The paper presents the cases of three patients with an unusual course of larynx cancer.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Laríngeas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Rouquidão/diagnóstico , Rouquidão/etiologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/complicações , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
In the years 1958-1999 the ENT Department at the University School of Medical Sciences in Poznan treated 125 patients suffering from adenoid cystic carcinoma located in the head and neck area. The aim of this study was to assess treatment results over a span of 41 years. The cases treated included 68 women and 57 men. The highest incidence of the disease was observed in men in their 70's--16 cases and women in their 50's--19 cases. In a majority of cases, the cancer started in major salivary glands, specifically parotid--51, submandibular--11, sublingual--4. Other places included minor salivary glands located in the palate--15, cheek--8, oral cavity--5 and tongue--4. Other glands affected by the tumor were those in the ethmoidomaxillary area--23. The treatment of choice was surgery with subsequent radiation. All patients were subjected to surgical treatment, 89 of them being subsequently radiated. Local recidivation was observed in 12 patients (i.e. 10%), metastases to neighbouring lymph nodes in 9 patients (i.e. 7%). Distant metastases affected the lungs--4 cases, liver--1 and bone--1.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/terapia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/epidemiologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/classificação , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/secundário , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/classificação , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/cirurgia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Otolaringologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Polônia , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/terapia , Distribuição por Sexo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
4 cases of larynx contact ulcer cured with the use of laser resection of vocal process of arytenoid cartilage were presented. Advantages of using laser been in microsurgery of larynx were discussed.
Assuntos
Cartilagem Aritenoide/patologia , Cartilagem Aritenoide/cirurgia , Terapia a Laser , Prega Vocal/patologia , Prega Vocal/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Distúrbios da VozRESUMO
Aggressive fibromatosis in the otolaryngological region is a curious clinical entity, demanding accurate histopathologic interpretation. It is rare connective tissue tumor, which growth infiltratively with a destructive biological behaviour similar to malignant tumours and a high recurrence rate. Morphologically reactive fibromatosis and fibrosarcoma should be considered amongst others in differential diagnosis. CT and MR scans are useful in determining the extent of the tumors and help to distinguish the tumor from nerves, vessels and bone. Surgery is the treatment of choice. Our observations of the course of disease in the maxillary sinus, nasal cavity and nasopharynx confirmed the date in literature.
Assuntos
Fibroma/patologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/patologia , Criança , Doença Crônica , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Fibroma/cirurgia , Fibrossarcoma/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/cirurgia , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/cirurgiaRESUMO
In the years 1958-1997 111 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma in the head and neck of different localization were treated at the Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery. Majority of the tumors originated of the major salivary glands, mainly in the parotid gland (47 cases). The most common location among the tumor of the minor salivary glands was the palate (14 persons). The tumors arising from other mucous glands, most frequently has located in the maxillo-ethmoideal complex (20 cases). The authors stress diagnostic difficulties, the necessity of a proper selection of the surgical method and postoperative radiotherapy, describing the treatment results in the patients. Radial surgical procedure of the adenoid cyctic carcinoma yelds optimal local control and survival rates.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/epidemiologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Adenoide Cístico/terapia , Área Programática de Saúde , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polônia/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
In the years 1958-1997 were surgically treated in the Department of Otolaryngology Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan 365 patients with pleomorphic adenomas. Majority of the tumors originated of the major salivary glands was parotid gland (273 cases). The given materials confirms the viewpoint that enucleation in the pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid salivary gland--based on total removal of the tumor together with the capsule and pouch constitute a completely sure surgical procedure.
Assuntos
Adenoma Pleomorfo/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Parotídeas/epidemiologia , Adenoma Pleomorfo/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Área Programática de Saúde , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Neoplasias Parotídeas/cirurgia , Polônia/epidemiologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
In recent years there has been a lot of research done on using DNA-cytometry in the evaluation of larynx cancer. Everyone unanimously emphasizes that aneuploidal and polyploidal neoplasms require special therapeutical treatment. The definition of proliferating activity of neoplasm is of utmost importance. Other than diploidal amount of DNA is characteristic for cells fast dividing and incorrectly dividing. For the evaluation of own material, 20 cases of larynx cancer were collected and underwent a routine morphological and electron microscope evaluation, also flow-cytometry of DNA on Coulter apparatus was carried out. Generally, it can be said that cytometry of DNA in comparison with morphological examination has a secondary function but is nevertheless and important test. It allows the doctor to be more objective in evaluating the population of dividing cells.
Assuntos
DNA , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patologia , Laringe/patologia , Ploidias , Humanos , Neoplasias Laríngeas/diagnóstico , Invasividade NeoplásicaRESUMO
The inner part of cochlear implant is inserted into inner ear during surgery through mastoid and middle ear. It is a classical method, used in the majority cochlear centers in the world. This is not a suitable method in case of chronic otitis media and middle ear malformation. In these cases Colletti proposed the middle fossa approach and cochlear implant insertion omitting middle ear structures. In patient with bilateral chronic otitis media underwent a few ears operations without obtaining dry postoperative cavity. Cochlear implantation through the middle fossa approach was performed in this patient. The bone fenster was cut, temporal lobe was bent and petrosus pyramid upper surface was exposed. When the superficial petrosal greater nerve, facial nerve and arcuate eminence were localised, the cochlear was open in the basal turn and electrode were inserted. The patient achieves good results in the postoperative speech rehabilitation. It confirmed Colletti tesis that deeper electrode insertion in the cochlear implantation through the middle fossa approach enable use of low and middle frequencies, which are very important in speech understanding.
Assuntos
Cóclea/cirurgia , Implante Coclear/métodos , Perda Auditiva Bilateral/cirurgia , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Surdez/reabilitação , Eletrodos Implantados , Perda Auditiva Bilateral/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Otite Média/complicações , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
115 cochlear implantation were performed in ENT Department Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan in 1994-2001. Nucleus Mini System 22 and Nucleus 24 of Cochlear Ltd were used in these operations. Two approaches were performed: middle fossa approach in one case and traditional one. The aim of this study was evaluation of cochleogram and cochlear view as the ways of assessment of successful inner ear implantation. One of X-ray projection were performed in implanted patients 24 hours after implantation. In cochleograms the degree of electrodes rotation in cochlea was calculated. The number of inserted electrodes in cochlea was calculated in cochler view projection. Described X-ray projection were performed in 70 patients. On X-ray projection (cochleograms) rotation degree of electrodes in majority were equal or higher than 250 grades (according to literature it is sufficient for successful speech rehabilitation). X-ray projection--cochlear view confirmed full insertion of electrode.
Assuntos
Cóclea/diagnóstico por imagem , Implante Coclear , Surdez/diagnóstico , Surdez/cirurgia , Humanos , Radiografia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Diabetes is often complicated by serious medical conditions which could be related to the development of auditory system and cranial nerves lesions, disorder of sound localisation and decreased olfactory and taste ability. Cranial nerve palsies in diabetes are considered as an integral part of the main disease. Twenty nine children with diabetes and non-diabetics control group, without a history of exposure to noise, ototoxic drugs, or ear disease aged 4-19 years old were examined. Hearing impairment may be present in children with disease duration above 3-5 years and in children with other complications. Sound localisation tests were performed by the method of Zakrzewski from a free auditory field, measuring the angle of directional hearing acuity in 35 diabetics age from 16 to 78 years. Longer duration of diabetes was associated with higher directional hearing acuity. Higher hearing loss was observed with higher directional values in diabetics. The authors investigated smell and taste in 35 diabetics. All patients were treated with insulin. Impairment value of smell identification thresholds was much more frequent than impairment of smell perception. In no case raised threshold of taste perception.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Transtornos da Audição/complicações , Transtornos do Olfato/complicações , Localização de Som/fisiologia , Distúrbios do Paladar/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Transtornos da Audição/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos do Olfato/diagnóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Distúrbios do Paladar/diagnósticoRESUMO
Cedax is the antibiotic drug of the third generation cephalosporin type. In the Department of Otolaryngology of the University Medical School in Poznan tests were carried out on the effectiveness of this drug in the prevention of perioperative infections (tonsillectomy, adenotomy, septoplastics, nasal polypectomy, mucotomy). The experiment comprised 50 patients who were administered Cedax once a day of the period of five consecutive days, beginning on the day of the surgery. Control group compare 50 patients who did not receive the antibiotic cover. For the comparison of both groups the following symptoms were taken into account: general condition of the patient, body temperature in the first few days after the surgery, the healing of the operative wound (the condition of mucosa, healing "per primam" or "per secundam"), the presence and type of nasal discharge. A high degree of efficiency of ceftibuten has observed.
Assuntos
Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/prevenção & controle , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Ceftibuteno , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
A group of 66 patients with acute inflammatory upper respiratory tract diseases were examined in the ENT Department of Poznan Medical Academy between November 1996 and November 1997. Specimens for bacteriological cultures were collected from the ear, nose and throat. The subjects were treated with ceftibuten. Clinical improvement was reported in all cases. In 44 patients, ceftibuten treatment eliminated pathogenic bacteria (as evidenced by microbiological analysis).
Assuntos
Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ceftibuteno , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
We study the quantum phase transition properties of a three-dimensional periodic array of Josephson junctions with charging energy that includes both the self and mutual junction capacitances. We use the phase fluctuation algebra between number and phase operators, given by the Euclidean group E2, and we effectively map the problem onto a solvable quantum generalization of the spherical model. We obtain a phase diagram as a function of temperature, Josephson coupling, and charging energy. We also analyze the corresponding fluctuation conductivity and its universal scaling form in the vicinity of the zero-temperature quantum critical point.
RESUMO
We study the quantum-critical point scenario within the unified theory of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism based on the SO(5) symmetry. Closed-form expression for the quantum-critical scaling function for the dynamic spin susceptibility is obtained from the lattice SO(5) quantum nonlinear sigma-model in three dimensions, revealing that in the quantum-critical region the frequency scale for spin excitations is simply set by the absolute temperature. Implications for the non-Fermi liquid behavior of the normal-state resistivity due to spin fluctuations in the quantum-critical region are also presented.