RESUMO
In 76 patients with acute pneumonia the absolute and relative numbers of T- and B-lymphocytes and their functional activity were determined on the basis of the data on the immunoglobulin level and lymphocyte blast-transformation with phytohemagglutinine. The character of the immune response of the patients was found to depend on the activity of the inflammatory process, its spread and the features of the clinical course of the disease. The most pronounced changes in the immune system of the patients (a sharp decrease in the number and function of T- and B-lymphocytes) were observed in croupous pneumonia and in the prolonged course of local pneumonia, as well as in cases of considerable lesion of the pulmonary tissue (3-6 and more segments).
Assuntos
Pneumonia/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Bronquite/complicações , Bronquite/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
A comprehensive study was conducted to determine the activity of tuberculous infection in 115 patients who formed 3 groups: 1) patients with primary forms of tuberculosis; 2) those who were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT); and 3) those who were infected with bronchopulmonary diseases. The detection of MBT DNA in the blood by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a highly sensitive four-primed diagnostic kit established that 80 patients with tuberculosis had positive results and their decrease as the patient had a course of tuberculostatic therapy. The fact that a third of patients from Groups 2 and 3 had highly positive results of PCR required that a preventive course of double therapy be used for 3 to 6 months.
Assuntos
Brônquios/fisiopatologia , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , HumanosAssuntos
Mucosa Respiratória/patologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose Pulmonar/patologia , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Broncoscopia , Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/patologia , Radiografia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológicoAssuntos
Brônquios/imunologia , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Pneumonia Estafilocócica/imunologia , Doença Aguda , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Bronquite/etiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina A Secretora/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Lactente , Lactoferrina/análise , Muramidase/análise , Pneumonia Estafilocócica/complicaçõesAssuntos
Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Sinusite/etiologia , Situs Inversus/etiologia , Formação de Anticorpos , Brônquios/ultraestrutura , Bronquiectasia/genética , Bronquiectasia/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Pulmão/anormalidades , Linhagem , Sinusite/genética , Sinusite/imunologia , Situs Inversus/genética , Situs Inversus/imunologia , SíndromeAssuntos
Agricultura , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Benzenossulfonatos/análise , Inseticidas/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Benzenossulfonatos/administração & dosagem , Cromatografia Gasosa/métodos , Cromatografia em Camada Fina/métodos , Inseticidas/administração & dosagem , UcrâniaRESUMO
Of 190 children under 14 with nonspecific pulmonary diseases (NSPD) 32.4% had lingering pneumonia, 20.9% recurrent bronchitis. 54% of lung disease hospital inpatients had M. tuberculosis. Normergic and hyperergic tuberculin sensitivity was revealed in 85.6 and 14.4% of cases, respectively. 20.5% of the examinees had inverted reactions. Clinical symptoms were slight in 13% of children. The rest had evident disease. The addition of antituberculous drugs to nonspecific therapy in 10.2% of the children has improved treatment outcomes.
Assuntos
Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/complicações , Pneumonia/complicações , Tuberculose Pulmonar/complicações , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Bronquite/complicações , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Epidemiological and BCG vaccination background and clinicoroentgenological signs of tuberculosis were analysed with reference to epidemiological and BCG vaccination background in 177 infants. In infants tuberculosis was represented primarily by intrathoracic lymph node tuberculosis running as infiltrative, tumorous and minor. Disseminated tuberculosis and meningitis occurred as a rule within the first year of life. The disease most frequently arose due to tuberculosis contact. More than half of the children from the infection foci developed complications. In conditions of massive exogenic superinfection BCG vaccination fails to prevent infection and further progression of the disease.
Assuntos
Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Radiografia , Tuberculose/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose/transmissão , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/diagnóstico , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/transmissão , Tuberculose Meníngea/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Meníngea/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose Meníngea/transmissãoRESUMO
Antituberculosis antibodies were detected in 164 children and adolescents who had tuberculosis and who were infected with mycobacteria. The diagnostic value of indirect hamagglutination tests with phosphatide antigen and tuberculin, complement uptake, passive hemolysis, and enzyme immunoassay for evaluating the progression of tuberculosis was defined in patients at a specialized sanatorium. The significance of the tests increases when they are concurrently used.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Tuberculose/imunologia , Adolescente , Criança , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Estâncias para Tratamento de Saúde , Hemaglutinação , Humanos , Tuberculina/análise , Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculose/diagnósticoRESUMO
The results of analysis of 3076 case histories of patients who were studied in a specialized hospital of Leningrad in the period of 1984-1989 made it possible to give the present-day characteristic of tuberculosis infection in children aged up to 14 years. Study was conducted according to the accepted scheme and comprised analysis of a general composition of patients, clinical diagnosis structure, specific features of the different forms of tuberculosis, registration of complications, age, sex and territory factors and results of other investigations. Special emphasis was given to the characteristic of a group of children suffering from tuberculosis. The findings obtained give evidence on the unfavourable changes in the structure of clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis in children during the last five years.
Assuntos
Tuberculose Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitais Pediátricos/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , População UrbanaRESUMO
Medium-weight molecules (MWM) were measured in the plasma of 67 children and adolescents aged 11 to 17 years who were infected with and suffered from various types of tuberculosis. The highest values of MWM were found in patients with tuberculous exudative pleuritis and infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis. During treatment, there was a significant reduction in the mean levels of MWM in 20 follow-up patients. It is concluded that it is expedient to employ this test to detect insidious tuberculosis activity during sanatorium treatment and to use it as a criterion for therapeutical efficiency.
Assuntos
Estâncias para Tratamento de Saúde , Peptídeos/sangue , Tuberculose Pulmonar/sangue , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Peso Molecular , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/sangue , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/diagnóstico , Tuberculose dos Linfonodos/reabilitação , Tuberculose Pleural/sangue , Tuberculose Pleural/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pleural/reabilitação , Tuberculose Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/reabilitaçãoRESUMO
Methods of detection of tuberculous infection in 127 children and adolescents treated in special hospitals and sanatoria have seen analyzed. The diagnosis was made using tuberculin in 62.2%, epidemiological evidence in 12.6%, fluorographic findings in 7.8%, survey of risk groups in 7.1%. 10.2% of the patients sought medical advice. A favourable course of the disease was seen in cases detected at tuberculin diagnosis and risk group examination. Complications occurred primarily in those who sought medical advice.
Assuntos
Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fluoroscopia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculose/diagnóstico por imagem , Tuberculose/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Forty eight children aged 3 to 14 years treated at hospital for various tuberculous abnormalities were examined. The findings suggest that the use of antituberculosis agents in children with normal acid and pepsin production failed to have a noticeable effect on the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the 6-month use of highly and moderately effective antituberculosis agents produced no effect on the aggressive properties of gastric juice. It is necessary to prescribe enveloping and mucus-forming agents to reduce the potential side effect of tuberculostatic therapy.