RESUMO
Background Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have a fundamental role in cancer. Sequestering FGFs with GSK3052230 (FP-1039) blocks their ability to activate FGFRs while avoiding toxicities associated with small molecule inhibitors of FGFR, including hyperphosphatemia and retinal, nail, and skin toxicities. Methods A multicenter, open-label, phase Ib study evaluated weekly GSK3052230 added to pemetrexed/cisplatin in patients with treatment-naive, unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. Doses were escalated according to a 3 + 3 design, followed by cohort expansion at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Endpoints included safety, overall response rate, progression-free survival, and pharmacokinetics. Results 36 patients were dosed at 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg doses of GSK3052230. Three dose-limiting toxicities were observed at 20 mg/kg and one at 15 mg/kg. The MTD was defined as 15 mg/kg and used for cohort expansion. The most common treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were nausea (56%), decreased appetite (36%), infusion reactions (36%), decreased neutrophil counts (36%), and fatigue (33%). The confirmed ORR was 39% (95% CI: 23.1-56.5) (14/36 PRs) and 47% had stable disease (17/36), giving a disease control rate of 86%. At 15 mg/kg GSK3052230 (n = 25), the ORR was 44% (95% CI: 24.4-65.1), and the median PFS was 7.4 months (95% CI: 6.7-13.4). Four patients had disease control for over 1 year, and three were still ongoing. Conclusion At 15 mg/kg weekly, GSK3052230 was well tolerated in combination with pemetrexed/cisplatin and durable responses were observed. Importantly, AEs associated with small molecule inhibitors of FGFR were not observed, as predicted by the unique mechanism of action of this drug.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Imunoglobulina G/administração & dosagem , Mesotelioma Maligno/tratamento farmacológico , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/administração & dosagem , Pemetrexede/administração & dosagem , Receptor Tipo 1 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Fator 2 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/efeitos adversos , Ligantes , Masculino , Mesotelioma Maligno/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/efeitos adversos , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/farmacocinética , Pemetrexede/efeitos adversos , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Treatment options for patients with advanced esophageal or esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer are limited. Current guidelines for first-line treatment of advanced esophageal or EGJ cancer recommend chemotherapy containing a platinum and a fluoropyrimidine agent. Pembrolizumab demonstrated antitumor activity in previously treated patients with advanced esophageal cancer and in patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer. AIM: To describe the design and rationale for the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III KEYNOTE-590 study, which will be conducted to investigate pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with advanced esophageal or EGJ cancer. Clinical trial registry & ID: ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT03189719.