[Possible identification of electroencephalographic changes caused by hereditary and process factors in schizophrenia]. / O vozmozhnostiakh razgranicheniia élektroéntsefalograficheskikh izmenenii, obuslovlennykh nasledstvennymi protsessual'nymi faktorami pri shizofrenii.

A comparative study of the quantitative differences of EEG parameters in the pairs of mono- and dizygotic twins suffering from schizophrenia has shown that the magnitudes of some parameters were substantially lower in the monozygotic twins than in the dizygotic ones. Examinations of healthy relatives of the schizophrenic twins revealed an increased frequency of the same signs (in the magnitude and direction), as in the patients. Less distinct in the mono- dizygotic pairs were differences between the reactive changes of the biopotentials and the latter's spatio-temporal organization inside the pairs. In the monozygotic pairs, these changes and organization were disturbed to a greater degree in the twin partner with a more rapid progress of the disease.

[Features of the cerebral electrical activity of parents whose children suffer schizophrenia]. / Osobennosti élektroaktivnosti gollovnogo mozga u roditelei, deti kotorykh stradaiut shizofreniei.

A study of the brain bioelectroactivity in 107 parents (62 mothers and 45 fathers) of schizophrenic children permitted to detect in the cortical rhythms of the parents an increased frequency of the encountered signs which are significantly more often seen in the EEG of schizophrenic patients. A quantitative distrubtion of such signs and their systemic combinations appeared to be different when comparing the EEG of fathers and mothers of the patients. The achieved data may be considered as supplementary proof supporting the concept of the role of hereditary factors in the etiologh of the disease.

[Dynamics of the development of EEG responses in school age boys and girls (data of observations over 9 years)]. / Dinamika formirovaniia EEG u mal'chikov i devochek shkol'nogo vozrasta (po dannym 9-letnego nabliudeniia).

The EEGs were recorded four times with an interval of 3 years in 25 children. There were 13 boys and 12 girls aged 8 to 17 years (forms 1-10). During data processing, use was made of the frequency and amplitude analysis of the EEG. The data obtained indicate that the EEGs of schoolchildren are determined to a great measure by hormonal influences related to the stages of puberty. In boys, the EEGs undergo the same age-associated changes as those in girls, with a 2-3-year time lag. For adequate interpretation of the EEG pattern in schoolchildren it is necessary to bear in mind the child's age and the stage of puberty.

[EEG characteristics of the parents in relation to the form of the course of schizophrenia in the children]. / Osobennosti EEG roditelei v sviazi s formoi techeniia shizofrenii u detei.

The study is concerned with the traits of brain electroactivity in 35 parents (19 mothers and 16 fathers) whose children had attack-like schizophrenia and in 65 parents (36 mothers and 29 fathers) where the process in the children had a continuous course. The results of the study demonstrated certain differences in both groups according to the frequency in the cortical rhythms of some encephalographical signs and their interconnected combinations. The traits of the EEG, indicating the existence of a tendency to some changes in the functional state of the brain in parents correlated with the indices of their clinical state.

[Relationship between the clinical and electroencephalographic features of similarities between schizophrenic twins and the patient's sex]. / Klinicheskie i élektroentsefalograficheskie osobennosti vnutriparnogo skhodstva bol'nykh shizofreniei bliznetsov v sviazi s faktorom pola.

Clinical and electroencephalographic peculiarities in monozygotic (15 pairs) and dizygotic (28 pairs) twins suffering from schizophrenia were studied. In addition to the traditional comparison of the mono- and dizygotic twins as regards the clinical and encephalographic similarities and differences in each pair of them, peculiarities of male and female pairs of the twins were also compared (in each group). A tendency to a greater variability of the characteristics examined was revealed among the female twins.

[Various neurophysiological aspects of examination of children with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome]. / Nekotorye neirofiziologicheskie aspekty issledovaniia detei s sindromom Zhilia de la Turetta.

EEG mapping was used to study the ECG and brain electric activity in 45 normal children and in 33 patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Significant differences were discovered in the test parameters in groups of patients and normal children as well as in subgroups of patients with different varieties of the syndrome. Analysis of the ECG has shown that 78% of children with typical Tourette's syndrome manifest neurovegetative regulation impairment in the form of bradycardia and cardiac arrhythmia. In tourette-like disorders within the framework of schizophrenia and encephalopathy and in normal test subjects, such alterations occur much more seldom. The data of the EEG mapping and analysis of spectral power of different rhythmic ranges attest to the existence of mainly nonspecific changes in the EEG common to all varieties of the syndrome. At the same time a tendency was recorded toward definite abnormalities in one or another patients' group. The data obtained can be of help for differential diagnosis of the syndrome under study.

[Neuropsychological study of memory in the complex clinical, psychological and neurophysiologic examination of children with schizophrenia]. / Neiropsikhologicheskoe issledovanie pamiati v kompleksnom kliniko-psikhologo-neirofiziologicheskom izuchenii bol'nykh shizofreniei detei.

Combined clinical, psychologic and neurophysiological investigation was conducted in children with slow-progredient schizophrenia: with dominant affective disorders and hypomaniac states (Group I, 14 patients), and with predominant neurosis-like and psychopathy-like pathology (Group II, 12 patients). The patients distinctly differed in not only the clinical course of the disease but also according to neuropsychological investigations of memory, pathopsychological and EEG studies. These data are reliably intercorrelated. A high incidence of visual mnestic, marked perception disorders, and frequent focal signs of lesion of parieto-occipital cortex with cortical irritation were all characteristics of the Group I. In Group II a high inhibitability of the traces characteristic of the diencephalic-brainstem dysfunction, predominant impairment of objective-substantional thinking and the symptoms of brainstem irritation were marked.

[The clinical and neurophysiological aspects of Rett's syndrome]. / Klinicheskii i neirofiziologicheskii aspekty sindroma Retta.

36 children with Rett's syndrome were examined in respect to the illness stage and psychopathologic trends. It is supposed that relationship of EEG abnormalities to clinical stages reflects gradual involvement of different brain structures in the pathological process. Possibility of temporary interruptions in the disease progression is demonstrated.

[The clinical, neurophysiological and differential diagnostic aspects in a study of severe forms of early childhood autism]. / Klinicheskie, neirofiziologicheskie i differentsial'no-diagnosticheskie aspekty izucheniia tiazhelykh form rannego detskogo autizma.

Clinical, pathopsychological and neurophysiological studies have been carried out in 85 children with infantile autistic psychosis and in 38 girls with Rett's syndrome. New improved differential diagnostic criteria between these two forms of early childhood autism have been suggested. EEG spectral density values in alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and theta subbands are established to be their neurophysiological markers. Special attention was paid to close relationship between ontogenetic neuromorphogenesis of the brain cortical structures (e.g. physiological lysis of cortical cell populations at the age 8-30 months of the child's life) and the defect severity in the onset of illness at the same age range in patients with the studied forms of early childhood autism. The data obtained are discussed in terms of new approaches to understanding pathogenesis of different forms of early childhood autism.