An outbreak of adenovirus D8 keratoconjunctivitis in Leicester, United Kingdom, from March to August 2019.

We report a large epidemic (n = 126) of keratoconjunctivitis predominantly with two lineages of adenovirus (AdV) type D8 in patients seen in eye casualty between march and August 2019. Other AdV species identified by viral sequencing included B, C, and E. Despite various features of more severe eye disease being present, these were not significantly different between the different AdV species, with similar rates of pseudomembrane formation and keratitis observed in patients with AdV species B as for those with AdV species D.

Bilateral Persistent Placoid Maculopathy Following COVID-19 Vaccines: Real or Coincidence?

COVID-19 vaccinations have been accompanied by reports of inflammatory uveitis. Herein, we report the first case of bilateral persistent placoid maculopathy (PPM) following COVID-19 vaccinations in a previously healthy 58-year-old man who presented with bilateral decrease in vision approximately 2 weeks after the second dose of AstraZenaca® ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 vaccine. Fundus examination revealed bilateral well-delineated whitish plaque-like macular lesions involving the fovea. Clinical and multimodal imaging findings were suggestive of PPM. Infective and autoimmune screen were all negative except for a raised MPO-ANCA. Medical review excluded systemic autoimmune and infectious diseases. Patient was monitored closely and his visual acuity improved and stabilised after a tapering regime of oral prednisolone. Mycophenolate mofetil was given as long-term steroid sparing immunosuppression. Our case demonstrated a likely localised autoimmune inflammatory response to the COVID-19 vaccine affecting choriocapillaris. Further research is needed to clarify the association between COVID-19 vaccines and inflammatory placoid lesions of the retina.

Network Communication Encoding: A Study for Authentication Protocols.

The use of internet has increased significantly in the COVID-19 pandemic, and this has set the ground for various cyber-attacks, which are executed over the network during data transmission. This scenario is proven to be multifold for accessing the cloud remotely deployed in university premises. To provide secure authentication and compatibility over heterogeneous systems for cloud accessibility, every network communication applies an encoding scheme to standardize data transmission. With many wireless and ad-hoc networks where the nature of communication is difficult to monitor, the encoding scheme prevents malicious code injection during data transmission. The objective of this paper is to study encoding schemes available for data transmission and their application in terms of authentication protocols such as Kerberos and LDAP. Furthermore, it will also emphasize on the design of integration model of Kerberos and LDAP to Cloud and Shared Storage to evaluate the impact of ASN.1 vulnerability.