Differential Mechanisms of Microbial As(III) and Sb(III) Oxidation and Their Contribution to Tailings Reclamation.

Mine tailings are extremely oligotrophic environments frequently contaminated with elevated As and Sb, making As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation potentially important energy sources for the tailing microbiome. Although they have been proposed to share similar metabolic pathways, a systemic comparison of the As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation mechanisms and energy utilization efficiencies requires further elucidation. In this study, we employed a combination of physicochemical, molecular, and bioinformatic analyses to compare the kinetic and genetic mechanisms of As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation as well as their respective energy efficiencies for fueling the key nutrient acquisition metabolisms. Thiobacillus and Rhizobium spp. were identified as functional populations for both As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation in mine tailings by DNA-stable isotope probing. However, these microorganisms mediated As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation via different metabolic pathways, resulting in preferential oxidation of Sb(III) over As(III). Notably, both As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation can facilitate nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization in mine tailings, with Sb(III) oxidation being more efficient in powering these processes. Thus, this study provided novel insights into the microbial As(III) and Sb(III) oxidation mechanisms and their respective nutrient acquisition efficiencies, which may be critical for the reclamation of mine tailings.

Improving on mapping long-term surface water with a novel framework based on the Landsat imagery series.

Surface water plays a crucial role in the ecological environment and societal development. Remote sensing detection serves as a significant approach to understand the temporal and spatial change in surface water series (SWS) and to directly construct long-term SWS. Limited by various factors such as cloud, cloud shadow, and problematic satellite sensor monitoring, the existent surface water mapping datasets might be short and incomplete due to losing raw information on certain dates. Improved algorithms are desired to increase the completeness and quality of SWS datasets. The present study proposes an automated framework to detect SWS, based on the Google Earth Engine and Landsat satellite imagery. This framework incorporates implementing a raw image filtering algorithm to increase available images, thereby expanding the completeness. It improves OTSU thresholding by replacing anomaly thresholds with the median value, thus enhancing the accuracy of SWS datasets. Gaps caused by Landsat7 ETM + SLC-off are respired with the random forest algorithm and morphological operations. The results show that this novel framework effectively expands the long-term series of SWS for three surface water bodies with distinct geomorphological patterns. The evaluation of confusion matrices suggests the good performance of extracting surface water, with the overall accuracy ranging from 0.96 to 0.97, and user's accuracy between 0.96 and 0.98, producer's accuracy ranging from 0.83 to 0.89, and Matthews correlation coefficient ranging from 0.87 to 0.9 for several spectral water indices (NDWI, MNDWI, ANNDWI, and AWEI). Compared with the Global Reservoirs Surface Area Dynamics (GRSAD) dataset, our constructed datasets promote greater completeness of SWS datasets by 27.01%-91.89% for the selected water bodies. The proposed framework for detecting SWS shows good potential in enlarging and completing long-term global-scale SWS datasets, capable of supporting assessments of surface-water-related environmental management and disaster prevention.

Graphene-like wrapped Ni@C catalyst with magnetic recyclability for selective hydrogenation of nitro-aromatics.

The graphene-like wrapped Ni@C catalysts were facilely synthesized by a modified sol-gel method. Nickel nitrate and citric acid (CA) were adopted as the raw materials to form sol-gel mixture. Under the circumstances, the additive CA were employed not only as a complexing agent but also as a carbon source. It is found that the calcination temperature and the mole ratios between Ni and CA are the key factors affecting the physical property and the catalytic performance of catalysts in the conversion of nitroarenes into corresponding anilines. The results show that the Ni@C-500(1:1) catalyst exhibited the best performance in the hydrogenation ofo-chloronitrobenzenes (o-CNB) too-chloroanilines (o-CAN). The yield ofo-CAN was achieved at 100% wheno-CNB was completely converted at 40.0 °C under 2.0 MPa H2for 2.0 h. Furthermore, the Ni@C-500(1:1) catalyst could be separated and recovered easily after reaction by an external magnetic field. The investigated results indicate that the Ni@C-500(1:1) catalyst remained higher activity after using twelve times. More importantly, this kind of catalyst is also active for the selective hydrogenation of other nitroarenes into the corresponding anilines. This new synthetic method may pave a way for producing low-cost Ni@C catalysts on a large scale, which is attractive for industrial anilines applications.

Rabeprazole plus amoxicillin dual therapy is equally effective to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in central China: A single-center, prospective, open-label, randomized-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance emerges as a major issue for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. High-dose dual therapy has recently shown encouraging results in H. pylori eradication, but it has yet to be validated in this H. pylori highly infected area; it is also not known if this concept can be extended to antibiotics other than amoxicillin, and factors that affect the eradication. We investigate if rabeprazole plus amoxicillin or furazolidone regimens could be a first-line therapy for H. pylori eradication, and factors that affect the curing rate. METHODS: This is a single-center, prospective, open-label, randomized-controlled trial. Naive patients (n=292) were randomly treated with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BQT), rabeprazole plus amoxicillin (RADT), or furazolidone (RFDT) groups. RADT and FADT use three times daily regimens. H. pylori diagnosis and eradication were determined and confirmed by 13 C-urea breath test. RESULTS: In per-protocol (PP) analysis, H. pylori eradication rate was 91.2% in BQT group, 89.6% in RADT, and 51.0% in RFDT group. In intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, infection was eradicated in 86.7% of patients in BQT group, 85.8% in RADT, and 48.1% in RFDT groups, respectively. Noninferiority was confirmed between BQT and RADT groups. The incidence of side effects in BQT group was significantly higher than that in RADT group. Successful eradication was associated with lower body surface area (BSA) and low body mass index (BMI) in BQT group. Smoking and high BSA index reduced H. pylori eradication rate in RADT group. CONCLUSIONS: Rabeprazole-amoxicillin dual therapy is equally effective to the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for H. pylori eradication with fewer side effects and saves use of one antibiotic per each treatment. Successful eradication is also associated with low BSA and non-smoking condition, which deserves future stratified analysis for refinement and optimization.

Mycobacteriaceae Mineralizes Micropolyethylene in Riverine Ecosystems.

Microplastic (MP) contamination is a serious global environmental problem. Plastic contamination has attracted extensive attention during the past decades. While physiochemical weathering may influence the properties of MPs, biodegradation by microorganisms could ultimately mineralize plastics into CO2. Compared to the well-studied marine ecosystems, the MP biodegradation process in riverine ecosystems, however, is less understood. The current study focuses on the MP biodegradation in one of the world's most plastic contaminated rivers, Pearl River, using micropolyethylene (mPE) as a model substrate. Mineralization of 13C-labeled mPE into 13CO2 provided direct evidence of mPE biodegradation by indigenous microorganisms. Several Actinobacteriota genera were identified as putative mPE degraders. Furthermore, two Mycobacteriaceae isolates related to the putative mPE degraders, Mycobacterium sp. mPE3 and Nocardia sp. mPE12, were retrieved, and their ability to mineralize 13C-mPE into 13CO2 was confirmed. Pangenomic analysis reveals that the genes related to the proposed mPE biodegradation pathway are shared by members of Mycobacteriaceae. While both Mycobacterium and Nocardia are known for their pathogenicity, these populations on the plastisphere in this study were likely nonpathogenic as they lacked virulence factors. The current study provided direct evidence for MP mineralization by indigenous biodegraders and predicted their biodegradation pathway, which may be harnessed to improve bioremediation of MPs in urban rivers.

[Risk Factors of Bleeding-related Perioperative Cardiac Arrest].

Objective To reveal the incidence,mortality,and risk factors of bleeding-related perioperative cardiac arrest(POCA). Methods We carried out a single-center retrospective case-control study which enrolled all the POCA cases reported from January 2010 to September 2020 in the patient safety incident reporting system of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.For the screening of risk factors,the patients were respectively assigned into the POCA group and the control group at a ratio of 1∶3 according to the same sex,age,American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)physical status,and type of surgery in the same month.Potential risk factors for POCA were first selected by univariate analysis.The significant risk factors were then checked based on the clinical experience and further included in the multivariate Logistic regression model. Results Totally 16 bleeding-related POCA cases were collected from the patient safety incident reporting system among the study period,with an overall incidence of 0.36/10 000.The blood loss volume of POCA group and control group was(7 037.50±5 477.70)ml and(375.63±675.14)ml,respectively(P<0.001),and 14(87.5%)patients suffering from bleeding-related POCA died within three days after anesthesia.According to the univariate analysis,patients' body mass index[(21.79±3.57)kg/m2 vs.(24.26±3.91)kg/m2,P=0.043],hemoglobin level[(113.44±31.08)g/L vs.(131.75±19.70)g/L,P=0.039],and alanine aminotransferase level[(17.31±7.73)U/L vs.(26.91±24.73)U/L,P=0.022]were significantly lower in the POCA group than in the control group.Further Logistic regression analysis showed that smaller body mass index and lower preoperative hemoglobin level were independently associated with the occurrence of bleeding-related POCA. Conclusions Bleeding-related POCA rarely occurred but had high mortality.Adequate precautions should be taken for the patients who are to receive surgeries with high risk of intraoperative massive bleeding.Elevating preoperative hemoglobin level might decrease the incidence of bleeding-related POCA.

Predictors of prolonged hypotension requiring vasopressor support after resection of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

OBJECTIVE: Prolonged hypotension is a common complication after resection of pheochromocytoma (PCC) or paraganglioma (PGL). The objective of our study was to identify preoperative or intraoperative clinical factors that can predict prolonged hypotension after PCC/PGL resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 414 patients who underwent resection of PCC or PGL at our institution between January 2013 and January 2020 were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not vasopressor support was required postoperatively. Associations between preoperative and intraoperative variables and prolonged hypotension were evaluated. RESULTS: Two hundred and one (48.6%) patients had postoperative hypotension that required vasopressor support with a median duration of 20 h. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that increased 24-h urinary norepinephrine (NE) levels (odds ratio [OR] = 1.091, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.052-1.132, p < .001), longer operative time (OR = 1.008, CI: 1.004-1.011, p < .001) and lower preoperative phenoxybenzamine dose (OR = 0.336, CI: 0.150-0.753, p = .008) were predictors of prolonged hypotension. Moreover, operative time, body mass index, 24-h urinary level of NE and preoperative phenoxybenzamine dose were significantly correlated with the duration of postoperative vasopressor support. CONCLUSIONS: Increased urine NE level, longer operative time and lower preoperative phenoxybenzamine dose were predictors of prolonged hypotension requiring vasopressor support. Clinicians can identify these factors to manage their patients better and prevent severe complications.

Prediction of Droplet Sliding on the Continuity of the Three-Phase Contact Line.

Many animals and plants have evolved wonderful hydrophobic abilities to adapt to the complex climate environment. The microstructure design of a superhydrophobic surface focuses on bionics and will be restricted by processing technology. Although certain functions can be achieved, there is a lack of unified conclusion on the wetting mechanism and a few quantitative analyses of the continuity of the three-phase contact line. Therefore, the relationship between the surface microstructure of the lattice pattern and the critical sliding angle of the water droplet in the Cassie state was investigated in this paper, and we proposed a method to quantitatively analyze the continuity of the three-phase contact line by a dimensionless length f. The results showed that the three-phase contact line was an important factor to determine the sliding performance of the droplet. The upward traction force generated by the surface tension through the force analysis on the three-phase contact line can enhance the sliding ability of the droplet on the solid surface. There was a good negative linear correlation between the critical sliding angle and dimensionless length, which provided a guiding basis for the optimal design of superhydrophobic surfaces.

Exploring Contact Angle Hysteresis Behavior of Droplets on the Surface Microstructure.

It is confirmed that surfaces with specific microstructures could exhibit good superhydrophobic properties, and there are also a lot of conclusions about droplet hysteresis behavior. However, most of the research methods are based on two-dimensional ideal model and experimental observation at the macroscale. Further research needs to be conducted about the hysteresis behavior of droplets on the microstructure surface under three-dimensional conditions. In this paper, the influence of curvature variation of the liquid surface between pillars on the contact angle hysteresis (CAH) has been investigated. The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Analyses were conducted on the morphology change and force of the liquid surface between pillars, and an index was proposed to describe the degree of difficulty of liquid surface movement. It was revealed that a change in the direction of the surface tension at the three-phase interface caused by curvature variation of the liquid surface between pillars played an important role in the movement of the liquid surface. The greater the surface tension component in the normal direction of the liquid surface, the more likely it was for the liquid surface to advance or recede. The local curvature of the liquid surface increased or the angles between the pillars increased, and the effect of the CAH would be weakened.

Identification of Antimonate Reducing Bacteria and Their Potential Metabolic Traits by the Combination of Stable Isotope Probing and Metagenomic-Pangenomic Analysis.

Microorganisms play an important role in altering antimony (Sb) speciation, mobility, and bioavailability, but the understanding of the microorganisms responsible for Sb(V) reduction has been limited. In this study, DNA-stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) and metagenomics analysis were combined to identify potential Sb(V)-reducing bacteria (SbRB) and predict their metabolic pathways for Sb(V) reduction. Soil slurry cultures inoculated with Sb-contaminated paddy soils from two Sb-contaminated sites demonstrated the capability to reduce Sb(V). DNA-SIP identified bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas and Geobacter as putative SbRB in these two Sb-contaminated sites. In addition, bacteria such as Lysinibacillus and Dechloromonas may potentially participate in Sb(V) reduction. Nearly complete draft genomes of putative SbRB (i.e., Pseudomonas and Geobacter) were obtained, and the genes potentially responsible for arsenic (As) and Sb reduction (i.e., respiratory arsenate reductase (arrA) and antimonate reductase (anrA)) were examined. Notably, bins affiliated with Geobacter contained arrA and anrA genes, supporting our hypothesis that they are putative SbRB. Further, pangenomic analysis indicated that various Geobacter-associated genomes obtained from diverse habitats also contained arrA and anrA genes. In contrast, Pseudomonas may use a predicted DMSO reductase closely related to sbrA (Sb(V) reductase gene) clade II to reduce Sb(V), which may need further experiments to verify. This current work represents a demonstration of using DNA-SIP and metagenomic-binning to identify SbRB and their key genes involved in Sb(V) reduction and provides valuable data sets to link bacterial identities with Sb(V) reduction.

Fertility outcomes in women after controlled ovarian stimulation with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist long protocol: fresh versus frozen embryo transfer.

BACKGROUND: Along with progress in embryo cryopreservation, especially the vitrification, freeze all strategy has become more acceptable than ever. Some studies have found comparable or higher live birth rate with frozen embryo transfer (FET) than with fresh embryo transfer(ET)in gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol. However from our literature research, there have been no reports about live birth rate comparison between fresh ET and FET with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) long protocol. The aim of this study is to retrospectively investigate whether patients benefit from freeze all strategy in GnRH-a protocol using real-world data. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study, in which women undergoing fresh ET or FET with GnRH-a long protocol at Chongqing Reproductive and Genetics Institute from January 2016 to December 2018 were evaluated. The primary outcome was live birth rate. The secondary outcomes were implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss and ectopic pregnancy rate. RESULTS: A total of 7,814 patients met inclusion criteria, implementing 5,216 fresh ET cycles and 2,598 FET cycles, respectively. The demographic characteristics of the patients were significantly different between fresh ET and FET groups, except BMI. After controlling for a broad range of potential confounders including age, infertility duration, BMI, AMH, number of oocytes retrieved and of available embryos, multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate and pregnancy loss rate between two groups (all P > 0.05). However, the implantation rate and live birth rate in fresh ET group were significantly higher than FET group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Under GnRH-a long protocol, compared to FET, fresh ET was associated with higher implantation rate and live birth rate in infertile patients that underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF). The freeze all strategy should be individualized and made with caution especially with GnRH-a long protocol.

A retrospective cohort study on red blood cell morphology changes in pre-school age children under nitrous oxide anesthesia.

BACKGROUND: Megaloblastic anemia or bone marrow changes could occur after prolonged nitrous oxide inhalation via vitamin B12 inactivation related DNA synthesis impairment. Previous researches have studied hematological changes with nitrous oxide exposure, but only in adults or adolescents. Pre-school age children with active hematopoietic red bone marrow are more vulnerable to potential side effects of nitrous oxide and might experience growth impairment. The purpose of our study was to analyze red blood cell morphology changes under nitrous oxide anesthesia in pre-school age children. METHODS: One hundred thirty-six children under 5 years old scheduled for hemivertebra resection were analyzed. According to fresh gas type in anesthesia records, 71 children who received nitrous oxide in oxygen during anesthesia maintenance were categorized into the nitrous oxide group and the other 65 who received air in oxygen were the air group. Complete blood counts in perioperative period were assessed for anemia, macrocytosis, microcytosis, anisocytosis, hyperchromatosis and hypochromatosis. The peak value and change percentage were calculated for mean corpuscular volume and red cell distribution width. RESULTS: Forty-two children in the air group (64.6%) and 30 in the nitrous oxide group (42.3%) developed anemia (P = 0.009). None developed macrocytosis in both groups. Postoperative mean corpuscular volume peaked (mean [95% confidence interval]) at 83.7(82.9-84.4) fL, and 83.2(82.4-83.9) fL and postoperative red cell distribution width at 13.8% (13.4-14.2%), and 13.9% (13.6-14.2%) for the air group and the nitrous oxide group. Both the relative change of mean corpuscular volume (P = 0.810) and red cell distribution width (P = 0.456) were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: No megaloblastic red blood cell changes were observed with nitrous oxide exposure for 4 h in pre-school age children undergoing hemivertebra resection.

MALT1 positively correlates with Th1 cells, Th17 cells, and their secreted cytokines and also relates to disease risk, severity, and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the association of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) risk and also to explore its association with T helper type 1 (Th1) cells, Th17 cells, disease severity, and prognosis in AIS patients. METHODS: One hundred twenty first-episode AIS patients and 120 non-AIS patients with high-stroke-risk factors (as controls) were recruited. Besides, in the cluster of differentiation 4-positive (CD4+ ) T cells, the MALT1 gene expression was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction; meanwhile, Th1 and Th17 were detected by flow cytometry. Moreover, serum interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: MALT1 expression was increased in AIS patients compared with controls and also it could differentiate AIS patients from controls, with an area under curve of 0.905 (95% confidence interval: 0.869-0.941). In AIS patients, MALT1 positively correlated with Th1 cells, Th17 cells, IFN-γ, and IL-17. Besides, MALT1 positively correlated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. Furthermore, the Kaplan-Meier curve and univariate Cox's regression analyses showed no correlation of MALT1 high expression with recurrence-free survival (RFS) in AIS patients, although after adjustment using multivariant Cox's regression, high MALT1 expression independently correlated with worse RFS in AIS patients. CONCLUSION: MALT1 expression is increased and positively correlates with disease severity, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells, whose high expression severs as an independent risk factor for worse RFS in AIS patients.

A Light-Controllable Chemical Modulation of m6 A RNA Methylation.

Bioactive small molecules with photo-removable protecting groups have provided spatial and temporal control of corresponding biological effects. We present the design, synthesis, computational and experimental evaluation of the first photo-activatable small-molecule methyltransferase agonist. By blocking the functional N-H group on MPCH with a photo-removable ortho-nitrobenzyl moiety, we have developed a promising photo-caged compound that had completely concealed its biological activity. Short UV light exposure of cells treated with that caged molecule in a few minutes resulted in a considerable hypermethylation of m6 A modification in transcriptome RNAs, implicating a rapid release of the parent active compound. This study validates for the first time the photo-activatable small organic molecular concept in the field of RNA epigenetic research, which represents a novel tool in spatiotemporal and cellular modulation approaches.

Anaesthetic management of a large paraganglioma resection in a woman with isolated L-looped transposition of the great arteries: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Reports of anaesthetic management of paraganglioma resection in patients with isolated L-transposition of the great arteries (L-TGA) are rare. We focus on the preoperative evaluation, intraoperative management, and postoperative care of a frail patient with "physiologically corrected" L-TGA for paraganglioma resection. CASE PRESENTATION: We performed general anaesthesia for a 46-year-old patient with "physiologically corrected" L-TGA undergoing open large retroperitoneal paraganglioma resection. Although the preoperative medical therapy had attained its goals, the patient went through three periods of severe episodic hypertension and tachycardia as tumour manipulation released catecholamines. Goal-directed fluid therapy based on pulse pressure variation (PPV) and point-of-care transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) imaging enabled anaesthesiologists to make rapid judgments and to regulate blood pressure in a timely manner, thereby reducing the risk of heart failure caused by massive rapid fluid bolus therapy. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit because of intraoperative hemodynamic changes and significant blood loss. Despite transient myocardial injury (elevated troponin I), no lethal arrhythmia or complications occurred perioperatively, and the patient recovered well and was discharged 1 week later. CONCLUSIONS: Goal-directed fluid therapy combined with the adoption of TEE could effectively guide fluid administration, which is helpful for anaesthesia management during operation. We recommend the routine use of TEE in such cases.

Chemical Deprenylation of N6 -Isopentenyladenosine (i6 A) RNA.

N6 -isopentenyladenosine (i6 A) is an RNA modification found in cytokinins, which regulate plant growth/differentiation, and a subset of tRNAs, where it improves the efficiency and accuracy of translation. The installation and removal of this modification is mediated by prenyltransferases and cytokinin oxidases, and a chemical approach to selective deprenylation of i6 A has not been developed. We show that a selected group of oxoammonium cations function as artificial deprenylases to promote highly selective deprenylation of i6 A in nucleosides, oligonucleotides, and live cells. Importantly, other epigenetic modifications, amino acid residues, and natural products were not affected. Moreover, a significant phenotype difference in the Arabidopsis thaliana shoot and root development was observed with incubation of the cation. These results establish these small organic molecules as direct chemical regulators/artificial deprenylases of i6 A.

A Rapid Colorimetric Method to Visualize Protein Interactions.

As key molecules in most biological pathways, proteins physically contact one or more biomolecules in a highly specific manner. Several driving forces (i.e., electrostatic and hydrophobic) facilitate such interactions and a variety of methods have been developed to monitor these processes both in vivo and in vitro. In this work, a new method is reported for the detection of protein interactions by visualizing a color change of a cyanine compound, a supramolecule complex of 3,3-di-(3-sulfopropyl)-4,5,4',5'-dibenzo-9-methyl-thiacarbocyanine triethylammonium salt (MTC). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies suggest that the hydrophobic nature of the protein surfaces drives MTC into different types of aggregates with distinct colors. When proteins interact with other biomolecules, the hydrophobic surface of the complex differs, resulting in a shift in the form of MTC aggregation, which results in a color change. As a result, this in vitro method has the potential to become a rapid tool for the confirmation of protein-biomolecule interactions, without the requirements for sophisticated instrumentation or approaches.

Electron localization in niobium doped CaMnO3 due to the energy difference of electronic states of Mn and Nb.

The electron localization in Nb-doped CaMnO3 is analyzed in terms of the space and energy distribution of electronic states employing first-principles calculations. The energy difference of Mn 3d states and Nb 4d states makes NbO6 octahedra impede electrical conduction, so the random distribution of Nb in lattices leads to the localization of electrons near the bottom of the conduction bands. Therefore, although more carriers are introduced when Nb-doping content increases, both the electrical conductivity and absolute thermopower decrease in Nb heavy doped CaMnO3. The calculated transport properties agree well with the experimental data, supporting the analysis of localization.

Vitamins supplementation affects the onset of preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia may affect between 2-8% of all pregnancies. It seriously affects maternal health after pregnancy. This meta-analysis was performed to define the efficacy of vitamins supplementation on the risk of preeclampsia. Potential articles were systematically searched on the databases of Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science up to May 2016. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were used to analyze the relationship of vitamins supplementation with risk of preeclampsia. Cochran Q test was used to test inter-study heterogeneity. Begg's funnel plot was adopted to assess the potential publication bias. 28 eligible studies were selected. Pooled results indicated that vitamins supplementation could reduce the risk of preeclampsia (RR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.64-0.86). The studies with non-randomized controlled trial (RCT) analysis also suggested the significant relationship of vitamins supplementation with risk of preeclampsia (RR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.42-0.85). However, negative results were observed in studies with RCT analysis. Subgroup analysis by vitamin type was performed among the studies with RCT analysis. The results indicated that vitamin D supplementation could significantly reduce the risk of preeclampsia (RR = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.22-0.78). Similar results were observed in the studies with multivitamins supplementation (RR = 0.69, 95%CI = 0.51-0.93). Vitamins supplementation could reduce the onset of preeclampsia.

[Retrospective Analysis of 16 Cases Receiving Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Operating Room among 127 053 Anesthetics Undergoing Non-cardiac Surgeries].

Objective To identify the high-risk factors of cardiac arrest during non-cardiac surgery and to provide experience for the effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Method The baseline data,co-morbidities,causes of cardiac arrest,treatment responsees,and survivals of 16 patients undergoing CPR among 127 053 patients receiving non-cardiac surgeries in our center from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main causes of intraoperative CPR included the co-existing cardiovascular diseases,massive intraoperative blood loss/high-risk surgical procedures,and allergy-related factors. Nine patients survived after immediate CPR in the operating room,with a 30-day survival rate of 77.8%. Conclusions Intraoperative cardiac arrest is a rare but potentially catastrophic event during non-cardiac surgeries. The success rate of CPR decreases in elderly patients undergoing high-risk emergency surgeries,especially when massive blood loss occurs during the surgery.