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1.
Blood ; 131(17): 1931-1941, 2018 04 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29475961

RESUMO

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (EBV+-DLBLs) tend to occur in immunocompromised patients, such as the elderly or those undergoing solid organ transplantation. The pathogenesis and genomic characteristics of EBV+-DLBLs are largely unknown because of the limited availability of human samples and lack of experimental animal models. We observed the development of 25 human EBV+-DLBLs during the engraftment of gastric adenocarcinomas into immunodeficient mice. An integrated genomic analysis of the human-derived EBV+-DLBLs revealed enrichment of mutations in Rho pathway genes, including RHPN2, and Rho pathway transcriptomic activation. Targeting the Rho pathway using a Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, fasudil, markedly decreased tumor growth in EBV+-DLBL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Thus, alterations in the Rho pathway appear to contribute to EBV-induced lymphomagenesis in immunosuppressed environments.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Transformação Celular Viral , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/metabolismo , Herpesvirus Humano 4/metabolismo , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Proteínas rho de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/virologia , Animais , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/genética , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/patologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/genética , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/virologia , Camundongos , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/virologia , Proteínas rho de Ligação ao GTP/genética
2.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 34(8): 1592-1598, 2024 Aug 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39081248

RESUMO

Genotype V (GV) Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) has been predominantly reported in the Republic of Korea (ROK) since 2010. GV JEV exhibits higher virulence and distinct antigenicity compared to other genotypes, which results in reduced efficacy of existing vaccines. Research on GV JEV is essential to minimize its clinical impact, but the only available clinical strain in the ROK is K15P38, isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient in 2015. We obtained this virus from National Culture Collection for Pathogens (NCCP) and isolated a variant forming small plaques during our research. We identified that this variant has one amino acid substitution each in the PrM and NS5 proteins compared to the reported K15P38. Additionally, we confirmed that this virus exhibits delayed propagation in vitro and an attenuated phenotype in mice. The isolation of this variant is a critical reference for researchers intending to study K15P38 obtained from NCCP, and the mutations in the small plaque-forming virus are expected to be useful for studying the pathology of GV JEV.


Assuntos
Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie) , Encefalite Japonesa , Genótipo , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/genética , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/classificação , Encefalite Japonesa/virologia , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , República da Coreia , Virulência , Ensaio de Placa Viral , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Feminino , Mutação , Linhagem Celular , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Replicação Viral
3.
Emerg Microbes Infect ; 13(1): 2362392, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38808613

RESUMO

Japanese encephalitis (JE), caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection, continues to pose significant public health challenges worldwide despite efficient vaccines. The virus is classified into five genotypes, among which genotype V (GV) was not detected for a long period after its initial isolation in 1952, until reports emerged from China and the Republic of Korea (ROK) since 2009. The characteristics of the virus are crucial in estimating its potential epidemiological impact. However, characterization of GV JEVs has so far been limited to two strains: Muar, the original isolate, and XZ0934, isolated in China. Two additional ROK GV JEV isolates, NCCP 43279 and NCCP 43413, are currently available, but their characteristics have not been explored. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that GV virus sequences from the ROK segregate into two clades. NCCP 43279 and NCCP 43413 belong to different clades and exhibit distinct in vitro phenotypes. NCCP 43279 forms larger plaques but demonstrates inefficient propagation in cell culture compared to NCCP 43413. In vivo, NCCP 43279 induces higher morbidity and mortality in mice than NCCP 43413. Notably, NCCP 43279 shows more severe blood-brain barrier damage, suggesting superior brain invasion capabilities. Consistent with its higher virulence, NCCP 43279 displays more pronounced histopathological and immunopathological outcomes. In conclusion, our study confirms that the two ROK isolates are not only classified into different clades but also exhibit distinct in vitro and in vivo characteristics.


Assuntos
Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie) , Encefalite Japonesa , Genótipo , Filogenia , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/genética , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/classificação , Animais , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Encefalite Japonesa/virologia , Encefalite Japonesa/veterinária , Encefalite Japonesa/epidemiologia , Camundongos , Humanos , Virulência , Linhagem Celular , Feminino
4.
Emerg Microbes Infect ; 13(1): 2343910, 2024 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38618740

RESUMO

Japanese encephalitis (JE), caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), is a highly threatening disease with no specific treatment. Fortunately, the development of vaccines has enabled effective defense against JE. However, re-emerging genotype V (GV) JEV poses a challenge as current vaccines are genotype III (GIII)-based and provide suboptimal protection. Given the isolation of GV JEVs from Malaysia, China, and the Republic of Korea, there is a concern about the potential for a broader outbreak. Under the hypothesis that a GV-based vaccine is necessary for effective defense against GV JEV, we developed a pentameric recombinant antigen using cholera toxin B as a scaffold and mucosal adjuvant, which was conjugated with the E protein domain III of GV by genetic fusion. This GV-based vaccine antigen induced a more effective immune response in mice against GV JEV isolates compared to GIII-based antigen and efficiently protected animals from lethal challenges. Furthermore, a bivalent vaccine approach, inoculating simultaneously with GIII- and GV-based antigens, showed protective efficacy against both GIII and GV JEVs. This strategy presents a promising avenue for comprehensive protection in regions facing the threat of diverse JEV genotypes, including both prevalent GIII and GI as well as emerging GV strains.


Assuntos
Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie) , Encefalite Japonesa , Genótipo , Vacinas contra Encefalite Japonesa , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/genética , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/imunologia , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie)/classificação , Animais , Encefalite Japonesa/prevenção & controle , Encefalite Japonesa/imunologia , Encefalite Japonesa/virologia , Vacinas contra Encefalite Japonesa/imunologia , Vacinas contra Encefalite Japonesa/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Encefalite Japonesa/genética , Camundongos , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Humanos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Feminino , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , Antígenos Virais/genética , Eficácia de Vacinas , Toxina da Cólera/genética , Toxina da Cólera/imunologia
5.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 32(8): 955-959, 2022 Aug 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35879275

RESUMO

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vaccine-preventable mosquito-borne disease caused by infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). JEV has five genotypes, including genotype V (GV), which is considered ancestral to the other genotypes. The first GV strain, GV Muar, was isolated from a Malayan patient in 1952 and GV did not reappear for 57 years until GV XZ0934 was isolated from a mosquito sample in China. Since 2010, 21 GV strains have been identified in Republic of Korea (ROK). Both GV Muar and GV XZ0934 are more pathogenic than other GI/GIII strains and are serologically distinct. However, because the ROK's GV strains have not been experimentally tested, their characteristics are not known. Characterization of the ROK's isolates is needed to enable development of effective GV strain-based vaccines to protect against GV infections.


Assuntos
Culicidae , Vírus da Encefalite Japonesa (Espécie) , Encefalite Japonesa , Animais , China , Genótipo , Humanos
6.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 21483, 2022 12 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36509805

RESUMO

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly prevalent immuno-metabolic disease that can progress to hepatic cirrhosis and cancer. NAFLD pathogenesis is extremely complex and is characterized by oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism, and cellular inflammation. Thus, in-depth research on its underlying mechanisms and subsequent investigation into a potential drug target that has overarching effects on these features will help in the discovery of effective treatments for NAFLD. Our study examines the role of endogenous paraoxonase-2 (PON2), a membrane protein with reported antioxidant activity, in an in vitro cell model of NAFLD. We found that the hepatic loss of PON2 activity aggravated steatosis and oxidative stress under lipotoxic conditions, and our transcriptome analysis revealed that the loss of PON2 disrupts the activation of numerous functional pathways closely related to NAFLD pathogenesis, including mitochondrial respiratory capacity, lipid metabolism, and hepatic fibrosis and inflammation. We found that PON2 promoted the activation of the autophagy pathway, specifically the mitophagy cargo sequestration, which could potentially aid PON2 in alleviating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid accumulation, and inflammation. These results provide a mechanistic foundation for the prospect of PON2 as a drug target, leading to the development of novel therapeutics for NAFLD.


Assuntos
Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Humanos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Autofagia , Fígado/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Inflamação/patologia
7.
Mol Oncol ; 15(2): 487-502, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33188726

RESUMO

Erlotinib is highly effective in lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, despite initial favorable responses, most patients rapidly develop resistance to erlotinib soon after the initial treatment. This study aims to identify new genes and pathways associated with erlotinib resistance mechanisms in order to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we induced knockout (KO) mutations in erlotinib-resistant human lung cancer cells (NCI-H820) using a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 sgRNA library to screen for genes involved in erlotinib susceptibility. The spectrum of sgRNAs incorporated among erlotinib-treated cells was substantially different to that of the untreated cells. Gene set analyses showed a significant depletion of 'cell cycle process' and 'protein ubiquitination pathway' genes among erlotinib-treated cells. Chemical inhibitors targeting genes in these two pathways, such as nutlin-3 and carfilzomib, increased cancer cell death when combined with erlotinib in both in vitro cell line and in vivo patient-derived xenograft experiments. Therefore, we propose that targeting cell cycle processes or protein ubiquitination pathways are promising treatment strategies for overcoming resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer.


Assuntos
Ciclo Celular , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Cloridrato de Erlotinib/farmacologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Proteínas de Neoplasias , Ubiquitinação , Animais , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Feminino , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Camundongos SCID , Proteínas de Neoplasias/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo
8.
Nat Commun ; 12(1): 4840, 2021 08 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34376661

RESUMO

Gastric cancer (GC) is commonly treated by chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) derivatives and platinum combination, but predictive biomarker remains lacking. We develop patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) from 31 GC patients and treat with a combination of 5-FU and oxaliplatin, to determine biomarkers associated with responsiveness. When the PDXs are defined as either responders or non-responders according to tumor volume change after treatment, the responsiveness of PDXs is significantly consistent with the respective clinical outcomes of the patients. An integrative genomic and transcriptomic analysis of PDXs reveals that pathways associated with cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions enriched among the non-responders in both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). We develop a 30-gene prediction model to determine the responsiveness to 5-FU and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and confirm the significant poor survival outcomes among cases classified as non-responder-like in three independent GC cohorts. Our study may inform clinical decision-making when designing treatment strategies.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto/métodos , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Animais , Feminino , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Camundongos Knockout , Camundongos SCID , Oxaliplatina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Análise de Sobrevida , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Carga Tumoral/genética
9.
J Vet Med Sci ; 72(7): 853-60, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20179383

RESUMO

This study was performed to anatomically illustrate the living canine hippocampal formation in three-dimensions (3D), and to evaluate its relationship to surrounding brain structures. Three normal beagle dogs were scanned on a MR scanner with inversion recovery segmented 3D gradient echo sequence (known as MP-RAGE: Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo). The MRI data was manually segmented and reconstructed into a 3D model using the 3D slicer software tool. From the 3D model, the spatial relationships between hippocampal formation and surrounding structures were evaluated. With the increased spatial resolution and contrast of the MPRAGE, the canine hippocampal formation was easily depicted. The reconstructed 3D image allows easy understanding of the hippocampal contour and demonstrates the structural relationship of the hippocampal formation to surrounding structures in vivo.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/anatomia & histologia , Cães/anatomia & histologia , Hipocampo/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Feminino , Hipocampo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Masculino
10.
Clin Cancer Res ; 25(9): 2821-2834, 2019 05 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30670495

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Genomic and transcriptomic alterations during metastasis are considered to affect clinical outcome of colorectal cancers, but detailed clinical implications of metastatic alterations are not fully uncovered. We aimed to investigate the effect of metastatic evolution on in vivo treatment outcome, and identify genomic and transcriptomic alterations associated with drug responsiveness. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We developed and analyzed patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models from 35 patients with colorectal cancer including 5 patients with multiple organ metastases (MOMs). We performed whole-exome, DNA methylation, and RNA sequencing for patient and PDX tumors. With samples from patients with MOMs, we conducted phylogenetic and subclonal analysis and in vivo drug efficacy test on the corresponding PDX models. RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis using mutation, expression, and DNA methylation data in patients with MOMs showed that mutational alterations were closely connected with transcriptomic and epigenomic changes during the tumor evolution. Subclonal analysis revealed that initial primary tumors with larger number of subclones exhibited more dynamic changes in subclonal architecture according to metastasis, and loco-regional and distant metastases occurred in a parallel or independent fashion. The PDX models from MOMs demonstrated therapeutic heterogeneity for targeted treatment, due to subclonal acquisition of additional mutations or transcriptomic activation of bypass signaling pathway during tumor evolution. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated in vivo therapeutic heterogeneity of colorectal cancers using PDX models, and suggests that acquired subclonal alterations in mutations or gene expression profiles during tumor metastatic processes can be associated with the development of drug resistance and therapeutic heterogeneity of colorectal cancers.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Heterogeneidade Genética , Genoma Humano , Mutação , Transcriptoma , Animais , Apoptose , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Camundongos SCID , Metástase Neoplásica , Filogenia , Prognóstico , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Sequenciamento do Exoma , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
11.
Mol Cancer Ther ; 16(10): 2178-2190, 2017 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28611106

RESUMO

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, and exhibits heterogeneous characteristics in terms of genomic alterations, expression signature, and drug responsiveness. Although there have been considerable efforts to classify this disease based on high-throughput sequencing techniques, targeted treatments for specific subgroups have been limited. KRAS and BRAF mutations are prevalent genetic alterations in colorectal cancers, and patients with mutations in either of these genes have a worse prognosis and are resistant to anti-EGFR treatments. In this study, we have found that a subgroup of colorectal cancers, defined by having either KRAS or BRAF (KRAS/BRAF) mutations and BCL2L1 (encoding BCL-XL) amplification, can be effectively targeted by simultaneous inhibition of BCL-XL (with ABT-263) and MCL1 (with YM-155). This combination treatment of ABT-263 and YM-155 was shown to have a synergistic effect in vitro as well as in in vivo patient-derived xenograft models. Our data suggest that combined inhibition of BCL-XL and MCL1 provides a promising treatment strategy for this genomically defined colorectal cancer subgroup. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(10); 2178-90. ©2017 AACR.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína de Sequência 1 de Leucemia de Células Mieloides/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas p21(ras)/genética , Proteína bcl-X/genética , Idoso , Compostos de Anilina/administração & dosagem , Animais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imidazóis/administração & dosagem , Camundongos , Mutação , Naftoquinonas/administração & dosagem , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto
12.
Mol Cells ; 39(2): 77-86, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26831452

RESUMO

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease caused by diverse genomic alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Despite recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies and development of targeted therapies, novel cancer drug development is limited due to the high attrition rate from clinical studies. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX), which are established by the transfer of patient tumors into immunodeficient mice, serve as a platform for co-clinical trials by enabling the integration of clinical data, genomic profiles, and drug responsiveness data to determine precisely targeted therapies. PDX models retain many of the key characteristics of patients' tumors including histology, genomic signature, cellular heterogeneity, and drug responsiveness. These models can also be applied to the development of biomarkers for drug responsiveness and personalized drug selection. This review summarizes our current knowledge of this field, including methodologic aspects, applications in drug development, challenges and limitations, and utilization for precision cancer medicine.


Assuntos
Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Terapia de Alvo Molecular/métodos , Neoplasias Gástricas/imunologia , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto/métodos , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Biomarcadores Farmacológicos/metabolismo , Compostos de Bifenilo/farmacologia , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Camptotecina/farmacologia , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Humanos , Irinotecano , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Camundongos SCID , Nitrofenóis/farmacologia , Piperazinas/farmacologia , Medicina de Precisão , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos
13.
J Vet Sci ; 16(2): 221-4, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25643795

RESUMO

The bronchoarterial (BA) ratio measured with computed tomography is widely used in human medicine to diagnose bronchial dilation or collapse. Although use of the BA ratio in veterinary medicine has been recently studied, this has not been evaluated in brachycephalic dogs predisposed to bronchial diseases including bronchial collapse. The purpose of this study was to establish BA ratios for brachycephalic dogs and compare the values with those of non-brachycephalic dogs. Twenty-three brachycephalic dogs and 15 non-brachycephalic dogs without clinical pulmonary disease were evaluated. The BA ratio of the lobar bronchi in the left and right cranial as well as the right middle, left, and right caudal lung lobes was measured. No significant difference in mean BA ratio was observed between lung lobes or the individual animals (p = 0.148). The mean BA ratio was 1.08 ± 0.10 (99%CI = 0.98~1.18) for brachycephalic dogs and 1.51 ± 0.05 (99% CI = 1.46~1.56) for the non-brachycephalic group. There was a significant difference between the mean BA ratios of the brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic groups (p = 0.00). Defining the normal limit of the BA ratio for brachycephalic breeds may be helpful for diagnosing bronchial disease in brachycephalic dogs.


Assuntos
Artérias Brônquicas/anatomia & histologia , Craniossinostoses/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumopatias/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Animais , Craniossinostoses/diagnóstico por imagem , Craniossinostoses/patologia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Feminino , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Masculino , Valores de Referência
14.
BMB Rep ; 48(1): 42-7, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24856826

RESUMO

Streptococcus mutans is frequently associated with dental caries. Bacterial fermentation of food debris generates an acidic environment on the tooth surface, ultimately resulting in tooth deterioration. Therefore, various mouthwashes have been used to reduce and prevent Streptococcus mutans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of 4 commercial mouthwashes and those of 10% and 20% ethanol solutions (formula A, B, C, D, E and F) against Streptococcus mutans using biofilm and planktonic methods. The range of reduction in the viable cell count of Streptococcus mutans as estimated by the biofilm and planktonic methods was 0.05-5.51 log (P ≤ 0.01) and 1.23-7.51 log (P ≤ 0.001) compared with the negative control, respectively, indicating that the planktonic method had a stronger antibacterial effect against S. mutans. Among the tested formulations, formula A (Garglin regular® mouthwash) was the most effective against Streptococcus mutans (P ≤ 0.001).


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antissépticos Bucais/farmacologia , Streptococcus mutans/fisiologia , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , República da Coreia , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos
15.
Biomed Res Int ; 2013: 426034, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23991416

RESUMO

Hepatitis A virus is known to cause acute hepatitis and has significant implications for public health throughout the world. In the Republic of Korea, the number of patients with hepatitis A virus infection has been increasing rapidly since 2006. In this study, the Kor-HAV-F strain was identified as subgenotype IIIA by RT-PCR, and its identity was confirmed by nucleotide sequencing and alignment analysis. Moreover, detailed phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Kor-HAV-F strain clustered into subgenotype IIIA, including strains isolated in Japan, Norway, and India. The entire amino acid sequence of the VP1 and 2A regions was compared with that of the reference strains isolated in various countries. We found 2 amino acid changes (T168A and L96P, resp.) in the VP1 and 2A regions, which had not been found in any other hepatitis A virus strain. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report the full-length sequence of a hepatitis A virus isolated in the Republic of Korea.


Assuntos
Genoma Viral/genética , Vírus da Hepatite A Humana/genética , Proteínas Virais/genética , Sequência de Bases , Genótipo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , República da Coreia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência
16.
Am J Vet Res ; 74(1): 62-9, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23270347

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular (LV) volume obtained via a modified Simpson or Teichholz method with those obtained via dual-source CT (DSCT). ANIMALS: 7 healthy Beagles. PROCEDURES: Each dog was anesthetized for DSCT; LV volume was determined from contrast-enhanced images of the LV lumen during all phases of contraction. Echocardiography was performed with dogs awake and anesthetized. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume, and ejection fraction were measured via a modified Simpson method and Teichholz method. Each dog was anesthetized twice with a 1-week interval between anesthetic sessions. RESULTS: Results obtained while dogs were anesthetized revealed that the modified Simpson method underestimated LV volume (mean ± SD EDV, 24.82 ± 2.38 mL; ESV, 12.24 ± 1.77 mL), compared with that estimated by the Teichholz method (EDV, 32.57 ± 2.85 mL; ESV, 14.87 ± 2.09 mL) or DSCT (EDV, 34.14 ± 1.57 mL; ESV, 16.71 ± 0.76 mL). Ejection fraction (modified Simpson method, 48.53% ± 4.24%; Teichholz method, 54.33% ± 4.26%; DSCT, 51.00% ± 2.71%) differed significantly among the 3 methods. Echocardiographic results obtained while dogs were awake revealed that EDV, ESV, and stroke volume differed significantly between the modified Simpson and Teichholz methods. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: LV volume determined via the Teichholz method was more similar to that determined via DSCT than was the LV volume determined via the modified Simpson method. The modified Simpson method underestimated LV volume, compared with that obtained via the Teichholz method, in both anesthetized and awake dogs.


Assuntos
Cães/fisiologia , Ecocardiografia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Função Ventricular Esquerda , Animais , Ecocardiografia/veterinária , Feminino , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária
17.
J Vet Med Sci ; 74(12): 1597-602, 2012 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22850528

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of echocardiography by dual-source computed tomography (DSCT). Seven normal beagles underwent DSCT and echocardiography. Echocardiographic measurements were obtained according to the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. The DSCT images were reconstructed onto the same echocardiographic image plane by using a reconstruction program, and then anatomical measurements were obtained. Nonparametric analysis was used for verifying the significance of each of the measured parameters. The anatomical measurements obtained using echocardiography and DSCT were not significant (P>0.05), and the difference between the measurements obtained using both the methods were within 95% confidence intervals except those for interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in end diastole. The reasons for these differences were considered to be the adjacent structures such as papillary muscles or chordae tendineae that may have influenced the echocardiographic findings, lower far-field image quality of echocardiography, low test-retest reproducibility of echocardiography, high-quality images of DSCT minimizing the motion artifact and the retrospective ECG gating technique of DSCT that offered an adequate timing decision for the systolic and diastolic phase during cardiac movement. Although there were differences in the measurements of interventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in end diastole obtained using echocardiography and DSCT, we could conclude that echocardiographic measurement is as accurate and reliable as DSCT for cardiac anatomical assessment.


Assuntos
Ecocardiografia/métodos , Ecocardiografia/veterinária , Coração/anatomia & histologia , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Ecocardiografia/normas , Humanos , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/normas , Estatísticas não Paramétricas
18.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 51(6): 670-3, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21158245

RESUMO

We evaluated the whole body distribution of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) in seven beagle dogs using positron emission tomography/computed tomography. The mean and maximum standard uptake values (SUV) for various tissues were computed. The SUV of the aortic blood pool was 0.65 +/- 0.19. Moderate uptake was present in brain (3.40 +/- 1.01). Mild uptake was present in orbital muscles, soft palate, laryngeal and pharyngeal region, mandibular salivary gland, myocardium, liver, pancreas, kidney, and intestine. 18F-FDG uptake would be normally higher in these tissues because of normal physiologic activity. Mean and maximum SUV values of the eye, skeletal muscle, bone tissue, spleen, adrenal gland, stomach, tongue, gall bladder, and lung were similar to or lower than that of the aortic blood pool. These data provide a normal baseline for comparing pathologic 18F-FDG uptake.


Assuntos
Cães/metabolismo , Fluordesoxiglucose F18/farmacocinética , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/veterinária , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/farmacocinética , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Valores de Referência , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos
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