RESUMO
PURPOSE: In the context of ophthalmologic practice, there has been a rapid increase in the amount of data collected using electronic health records (EHR). Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising means of centralizing data collection and analysis, but to date, most AI algorithms have only been applied to analyzing image data in ophthalmologic practice. In this review we aimed to characterize the use of AI in the analysis of EHR, and to critically appraise the adherence of each included study to the CONSORT-AI reporting guideline. METHODS: A comprehensive search of three relevant databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) from January 2010 to February 2023 was conducted. The included studies were evaluated for reporting quality based on the AI-specific items from the CONSORT-AI reporting guideline. RESULTS: Of the 4,968 articles identified by our search, 89 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies utilized AI for ocular disease prediction (n = 41, 46.1%), and diabetic retinopathy was the most studied ocular pathology (n = 19, 21.3%). The overall mean CONSORT-AI score across the 14 measured items was 12.1 (range 8-14, median 12). Categories with the lowest adherence rates were: describing handling of poor quality data (48.3%), specifying participant inclusion and exclusion criteria (56.2%), and detailing access to the AI intervention or its code, including any restrictions (62.9%). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we have identified that AI is prominently being used for disease prediction in ophthalmology clinics, however these algorithms are limited by their lack of generalizability and cross-center reproducibility. A standardized framework for AI reporting should be developed, to improve AI applications in the management of ocular disease and ophthalmology decision making.
RESUMO
The Living Kidney Donation Program at the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network sought to develop a comprehensive, secure, accurate, and up-to-date information system for the purposes of quality improvement, research, and performance evaluation. The Comprehensive Living Kidney Donor Database (CLiKeD) houses comprehensive demographic, medical, psychosocial, and evaluation data on living kidney donor candidates abstracted from multiple health information sources. Data are routinely audited to ensure high data quality. Over 3,500 living kidney donor candidates are currently included in CLiKeD. The development of this data system will allow for regular performance assessments of the program, implementation of quality improvement initiatives, and the completion of high-impact, clinically relevant research. In addition, the conception and development of CLiKeD has been instrumental in improving documentation of personal health information at the point of care.