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1.
Brief Bioinform ; 25(1)2023 11 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38095856

RESUMO

The success of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) promotes the immunotherapy to be a new pillar in cancer treatment. However, the low response rate of the ICB therapy limits its application. To increase the response rate and enhance efficacy, the ICB combination therapy has emerged and its clinical trials are increasing. Nevertheless, the gene expression profile and its pattern of ICB combination were not comprehensively studied, which limits the understanding of the ICB combination therapy and the identification of new drugs. Here, we constructed ICBcomb (http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/ICBcomb/), a comprehensive database, by analyzing the human and mouse expression data of the ICB combination therapy and comparing them between groups treated with ICB, other drugs or their combinations. ICBcomb contains 1399 samples across 29 cancer types involving 52 drugs. It provides a user-friendly web interface for demonstrating the results of the available comparisons in the ICB combination therapy datasets with five functional modules: [1, 2] the 'Dataset/Disease' modules for browsing the expression, enrichment and comparison results in each dataset or disease; [3] the 'Gene' module for inputting a gene symbol and displaying its expression and comparison results across datasets/diseases; [4] the 'Gene Set' module for GSVA/GSEA enrichment analysis on the built-in gene sets and the user-input gene sets in different comparisons; [5] the 'Immune Cell' module for immune cell infiltration comparison between different groups by immune cell abundance analysis. The ICBcomb database provides the first resource for gene expression profile and comparison in ICB combination therapy, which may provide clues for discovering the mechanism of effective combination strategies and new combinatory drugs.


Assuntos
Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico , Imunoterapia , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Redes Reguladoras de Genes
2.
J Formos Med Assoc ; 119(1 Pt 2): 345-349, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31255418

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Thyroid disorders are common in children with Down syndrome (DS), however, such data have rarely been reported in Taiwanese children. This study presents our experience with the management of these children. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2016, 51 children (31 boys and 20 girls) with DS were enrolled. Thyroid function was evaluated and natural course of thyroid status were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 51 patients with DS, 2 had congenital hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenesis. Of the remaining 49 patients, 30 (61%) had euthyroidism (EuT), and 19 (39%) had subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Eighteen (37%) had detectable thyroid antibodies. It occurred at any age and the incidence was not affected by sex. The mean follow-up duration for 39 DS children was 3.8 ± 2.4 years. Of the 26 children who had EuT at enrollment and were followed up, 22 remained EuT, 2 developed SH, 1 developed overt hypothyroidism, and 1 developed overt hyperthyroidism. Of the 13 patients with SH who were followed up, 1 was treated for high thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, 8 became EuT, and 4 maintained SH status. Children with DS and persistent SH had significantly higher maximum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels during follow-up than did those with transient SH. Fluctuation in thyroid status during follow-up was not uncommon in children with DS. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of thyroid disorders is higher in Taiwanese children with DS than in the general population. Because symptoms of hypothyroidism overlap those inherent to DS, regular follow-up of thyroid function in children with DS is indicated.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Down/complicações , Hipertireoidismo/complicações , Hipotireoidismo/complicações , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Masculino , Prevalência , Taiwan
3.
Opt Express ; 26(2): 2065-2078, 2018 Jan 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29401931

RESUMO

Freeform surfaces have become increasingly widespread in the optical systems for enhanced performance and compact lightweight packaging. The geometrical complexity and high precision requirements of optical freeform surfaces for various functional optical applications, has posed great challenges in the design, precision machining, and measurement of these surfaces. This paper presents a model-based self-optimization approach for precision machining and measurement of optical freeform surfaces in the computer controlled bonnet polishing (CCBP) process. To realize the technical feasibility, the process parameters and motion control are accurately performed through modelling and simulation of machining processes, error compensation, and on-machine metrology.

4.
Cell Physiol Biochem ; 42(5): 1802-1811, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28750371

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endothelin-1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, but the underlying mechanisms remained elusive. Our previous study found that inhibition of mitochondrial fission of smooth muscle cells suppressed phenylephrine- and high K+-induced artery constriction. Here, we studied the effects of mitochondrial fission inhibitors on endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction. METHODS: The tension of rat mesenteric arteries and thoracic aorta was measured by using a multi-wire myograph system. Mitochondrial morphology of aortic smooth muscle cells was observed by using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Dynamin-related protein-1 selective inhibitor mdivi-1 relaxed endothelin-1-induced constriction, and mdivi-1 pre-treatment prevented endothelin-1-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries with intact and denuded endothelium. Mdivi-1 had a similar inhibitory effect on rat thoracic aorta. Another mitochondrial fission inhibitor dynasore showed similar effects as mdivi-1 in rat mesenteric arteries. Mdivi-1 inhibited endothelin-1-induced increase of mitochondrial fission in smooth muscle cells of rat aorta. Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor Y-27632 which relaxed endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction inhibited endothelin-1-induced mitochondrial fission in smooth muscle cells of rat aorta. CONCLUSION: Endothelin-1 increases mitochondrial fission in vascular smooth muscle cells, and mitochondrial fission inhibitors suppress endothelin-1-induced vasoconstriction.


Assuntos
Aorta Torácica/fisiologia , Endotelina-1/metabolismo , Artérias Mesentéricas/fisiologia , Dinâmica Mitocondrial/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinazolinonas/farmacologia , Amidas/farmacologia , Animais , Aorta Torácica/citologia , Aorta Torácica/efeitos dos fármacos , Dinaminas/antagonistas & inibidores , Dinaminas/metabolismo , Endotelina-1/antagonistas & inibidores , Hidrazonas/farmacologia , Masculino , Artérias Mesentéricas/efeitos dos fármacos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Mitocôndrias/patologia , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Piridinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Vasoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos
5.
Pharmacol Res ; 115: 78-86, 2017 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27872020

RESUMO

We previously demonstrated that the typical mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) inhibited artery constriction, but CCCP was used only as a pharmacological tool. Niclosamide is an anthelmintic drug approved by FDA. Niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN) is a salt form of niclosamide and has been demonstrated to uncouple mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the vasoactivity of NEN and the potential mechanisms. Isometric tension of rat mesenteric artery and thoracic aorta was recorded by using multi-wire myograph system. The protein levels were measured by using western blot techniques. Niclosamide ethanolamine (NEN) treatment relaxed phenylephrine (PE)- and high K+ (KPSS)-induced constriction, and pre-treatment with NEN inhibited PE- and KPSS-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries. In rat thoracic aorta, NEN also showed antagonism against PE- and KPSS-induced constriction. NEN induced increase of cellular ADP/ATP ratio in vascular smooth muscle cells (A10) and activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in A10 cells and rat thoracic aorta. NEN-induced aorta relaxation was attenuated in AMPKα1 knockout (-/-) mice. SERCA inhibitors cyclopiazonic acid and thapsigargin, but not KATP channel blockers glibenclamide and 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, attenuated NEN-induced vasorelaxation in rat mesenteric arteries. NEN treatment increased cytosolic [Ca2+]i and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential in vascular smooth muscle cells (A10). Niclosamide in non-salt form showed the similar vasoactivity as NEN in rat mesenteric arteries. Niclosamide ethanolamine inhibits artery constriction, indicating that it would be promising to be developed as an anti-hypertensive drug or it would induce vasodilation-related side effects when absorbed in vivo.


Assuntos
Aorta Torácica/efeitos dos fármacos , Etanolamina/farmacologia , Artérias Mesentéricas/efeitos dos fármacos , Niclosamida/farmacologia , Vasoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Animais , Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/metabolismo , Aorta Torácica/metabolismo , Canais KATP/antagonistas & inibidores , Masculino , Artérias Mesentéricas/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Fenilefrina/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Doenças Vasculares/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Vasculares/metabolismo , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologia
6.
BMC Pediatr ; 17(1): 139, 2017 Jun 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28587647

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that occurs in children and may lead to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Progressive coronary dilatation for at least 2 months is associated with worse late coronary outcomes in patients with KD having medium or giant aneurysms. However, the risk factors and occurrence of progressive coronary dilatation in patients with KD but without medium or giant aneurysms have been insufficiently explored. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 169 patients with KD from a tertiary medical center in Taiwan during 2009-2013. Medical records of all patients were reviewed. Echocardiography was performed during the acute KD phase and at 3-4 weeks, 6-8 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after KD onset. Progressive coronary dilatation was defined as the progressive enlargement of coronary arteries on three consecutive echocardiograms. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential risk factors for coronary aneurysms and progressive coronary dilatation. RESULTS: Of a total of 169 patients with KD, 31 (18.3%) had maximal coronary Z-scores of ≥ + 2.5 during the acute KD phase, 16 (9.5%; male/female: 9/7) had coronary aneurysms at 1 month after KD onset, and 5 (3.0%) satisfied the definition of progressive coronary dilatation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an initial maximal coronary Z-score of ≥ + 2.5 [odds ratio (OR): 5.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-21.3, P = 0.020] and hypoalbuminemia (OR: 4.83, 95% CI: 1.11-20.9, P = 0.035) were independent risk factors for coronary aneurysms and were significantly associated with progressive coronary dilatation. However, the association between intravenous immunoglobulin unresponsiveness and the development of coronary aneurysms at 1 month after KD onset didn't reach the level of significance (P = 0.058). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, 3% (5/169) of patients with KD had progressive coronary dilatation, which was associated with persistent coronary aneurysms at 1 year after KD onset. Initial coronary dilatation and hypoalbuminemia were independently associated with the occurrence of progressive coronary dilatation. Therefore, such patients may require intensive cardiac monitoring and adjuvant therapies apart from immunoglobulin therapies.


Assuntos
Aneurisma Coronário/etiologia , Vasos Coronários/patologia , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/complicações , Pré-Escolar , Aneurisma Coronário/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma Coronário/patologia , Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Dilatação Patológica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dilatação Patológica/etiologia , Progressão da Doença , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/patologia , Razão de Chances , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
7.
Pflugers Arch ; 466(11): 2049-57, 2014 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24510064

RESUMO

Cardiac T-type Ca(2+) channels are reexpressed in atrial and ventricular myocytes under various pathological conditions such as post-myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, and heart failure, but relatively little is known about the mechanisms. Our previous study found that bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) was reexpressed in pathological cardiac hypertrophy models and BMP4-mediated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We hypothesized that BMP4 could upregulate cardiac T-type Ca(2+) channels in HL-1 atrial myocytes. The T-type Ca(2+) currents were recorded by using the patch-clamp technique, and the expressions of Cav3.1 and Cav3.2 were measured by real-time PCR method in HL-1 cells. BMP4 and Cav3.1 mRNA expressions increased in the left atrium from the pressure overload-induced hypertrophy of mice hearts. BMP4 treatment for 48 h induced increase of Cav3.1 but not Cav3.2 mRNA expression in HL-1 cells, and the increase was inhibited by BMP4 inhibitor noggin. Acute treatment with BMP4 did not affect T-type Ca(2+) currents, but chronic treatment (48 h) significantly increased the amplitude of T-type Ca(2+) currents in HL-1 cells. Chronic treatment with BMP4 induced upregulation of NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4), increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinases c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38. BMP4-induced upregulation of Cav3.1 mRNA was inhibited by NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, the radical scavenger tempol, JNK inhibitor SP600125, and p38 inhibitor SB203580. In conclusion, BMP4 induces upregulation of Cav3.1 Ca(2+) channels and T-type Ca(2+) currents in HL-1 atrial myocytes through ROS/MAPK pathways.


Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 4/genética , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 4/metabolismo , Canais de Cálcio Tipo T/genética , Canais de Cálcio Tipo T/metabolismo , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Animais , Cardiomegalia/genética , Cardiomegalia/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Átrios do Coração/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/genética , Insuficiência Cardíaca/metabolismo , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/genética , Camundongos , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/genética , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , NADPH Oxidase 4 , NADPH Oxidases/genética , NADPH Oxidases/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/genética , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo
8.
Cell Physiol Biochem ; 32(5): 1247-54, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24247276

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Copper is an essential trace element for normal cellular function and contributes to critical physiological or pathological processes. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of copper on vascular tone of rat mesenteric artery and compare the effects of copper on noradrenaline (NA) and high K(+) induced vasoconstriction. METHODS: The rat mesenteric arteries were isolated and the vessel tone was measured by using multi wire myograph system in vitro. Blood pressure of carotid artery in rabbits was measured by using physiological data acquisition and analysis system in vivo. RESULTS: Copper dose-dependently blunted NA-induced vasoconstriction of rat mesenteric artery. Copper-induced vasorelaxation was inhibited when the vessels were pretreated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Copper did not blunt high K(+)-induced vasoconstriction. Copper preincubation inhibited NA-evoked vasoconstriction and the inhibition was not affected by the presence of L-NAME. Copper preincubation showed no effect on high K(+)-evoked vasoconstriction. Copper chelator diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (DTC) antagonized the vasoactivity induced by copper in rat mesenteric artery. In vivo experiments showed that copper injection (iv) significantly decreased blood pressure of rabbits and NA or DTC injection (iv) did not rescue the copper-induced hypotension and animal death. CONCLUSION: Copper blunted NA but not high K(+)-induced vasoconstriction of rat mesenteric artery. The acute effect of copper on NA-induced vasoconstriction was depended on nitric oxide (NO), but the effect of copper pretreatment on NA-induced vasoconstriction was independed on NO, suggesting that copper affected NA-induced vasoconstriction by two distinct mechanisms.


Assuntos
Cobre/farmacologia , Artérias Mesentéricas/efeitos dos fármacos , Norepinefrina/farmacologia , Vasoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasoconstritores/farmacologia , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Quelantes/farmacologia , Ditiocarb/farmacologia , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Artérias Mesentéricas/fisiologia , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Potássio/farmacologia , Coelhos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
9.
Huan Jing Ke Xue ; 44(2): 709-718, 2023 Feb 08.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36775595

RESUMO

Vapor processing device is a device that can control the headspace pressure in the underground storage tanks and recover the vapor. By analyzing the chemical composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at the inlet and outlet of the vapor processing device, the ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAP) were estimated by maximum incremental reaction (MIR) and fractional aerosol coefficients (FAC), and the secondary pollution formation contribution of VOCs were quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that:① the ρ(total volatile organic compounds, TVOC) at the inlet and outlet of the vapor processing device were 436-706 g·m-3 and 4.98-10.04 g·m-3, respectively. Alkanes (72%±4%), oxygenated organics (14%±2%), and olefins (11%±5%) were the dominant components of VOCs emissions. There were little differences in VOCs emissions from the different vapor processing devices; the key species were i-pentane (approximately 25%), followed by n-butane, i-butane, and n-pentane. ② The ozone source reactivity (SR) of VOCs emissions from the outlet of the vapor processing device was 2.6-3.3 g·g-1, and the OFP was 3.5-25.6 g·m-3. Olefins contributed the most (43%-69%), followed by alkanes (20%-35%) and oxygenated organics (10%-22%). Butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, i-pentane, and propionaldehyde were the species that highly contributed to OFP. ③ Aromatics in VOCs emissions contributed the most to SOAP (80%-92%), and the main active species were toluene, 1, 2, 4-trimethylbenzene, 1, 3, 5-trimethylbenzene, and p-diethylbenzene. The research showed that different VOCs species emitted by the vapor processing device contributed obvious differences to the secondary atmospheric pollution, and butene species and aromatics such as toluene were the focus of VOCs emission control of vehicle gasoline and vapor processing device.

10.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 930: 175155, 2022 Sep 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35863508

RESUMO

Long noncoding RNA-Myosin heavy chain associated RNA transcript (LncRNA-MHRT) has been reported to prevent pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the underlying inhibition mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Further, whether MHRT inhibits hypertrophy by regulating post-translational modification of certain proteins remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to find potential role of MHRT in inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy via regulating modification of certain proteins. Here, Angiotensin II (Ang II) -treated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice were used to investigate the effect and mechanism of MHRT in cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the regulatory effects of MHRT on SUMOylation of NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), specificity protein 1 (SP1)/histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) pathway were investigated. Here, we found that MHRT improved heart function by attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. MHRT also promoted the SUMOylation of SIRT1 protein that activated PGC1-α/PPAR-α pathway. Furthermore, MHRT enhanced SUMOylation of SIRT1 by upregulating SP1/HDAC4. Our findings suggested that SUMOylation of SIRT1 could mediate the protective effect of MHRT in cardiac hypertrophy. The new regulatory pathway provides a potential new therapeutic target for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.


Assuntos
RNA Longo não Codificante , Sirtuína 1 , Animais , Cardiomegalia/patologia , Camundongos , Miócitos Cardíacos , Cadeias Pesadas de Miosina/genética , PPAR alfa/metabolismo , Coativador 1-alfa do Receptor gama Ativado por Proliferador de Peroxissomo/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante/metabolismo , Ratos , Sirtuína 1/genética , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Sumoilação
11.
Huan Jing Ke Xue ; 43(9): 4706-4716, 2022 Sep 08.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36096611

RESUMO

Based on previous research, using straw material to treat swine wastewater can effectively reduce the concentration of nitrogen (N); however, the annual N-removal efficiency and change in the abundance of N-cycling functional genes remain unclear. In this study, four treatments (wheat straw, rice straw, corn stalk, and CK) were set up, with the aim of studying the annual N-removal efficiency and change in the abundance of functional genes. Our results showed that:① the total nitrogen (TN) removal and NH4+-N removal efficiency were the best in the first six months and were significantly reduced in the following six months. In addition, the TN removal and NH4+-N efficiency in straw and wheat straw were better than those in corn straw. The TN-removal efficiency in straw and wheat straw were 32.81%±11.34% and 32.99%±9.60%, respectively. The NH4+-N removal efficiency in straw and wheat straw were 35.3%±13.23% and 34.97%±12.00%, respectively. ② The abundance of N-cycling functional genes significantly increased by the addition of straw materials, compared with that of the CK (P<0.05). The average abundances of nirK, nirS, and hzsB were 6.45×109 copies·L-1, 6.18×109 copies·L-1, and 2.31×109 copies·L-1, respectively. The average abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were 6.12×1010 copies·L-1 and 4.93×109 copies·L-1, respectively. The average hzsB gene abundance was 2.31×109 copies·L-1. The average abundance of 16S rRNA in the treatment was 8.90×1010 copies·L-1. The abundances of hzsB and nirS genes in the straw and wheat straw were higher than those in the other treatment, indicating that the activities of anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrifying microorganisms were significantly increased by the addition of straw and wheat straw (P<0.05). In addition, the abundance of AOA and AOB genes were increased in wheat straw, suggesting that wheat straw could promote nitrification. The results provided data supporting the molecular mechanism of nitrogen removal in swine wastewater treatment with straw materials.


Assuntos
Nitrogênio , Águas Residuárias , Amônia , Animais , Desnitrificação , Nitrogênio/análise , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Suínos , Triticum , Águas Residuárias/microbiologia
12.
IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell ; 43(7): 2360-2372, 2021 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31995476

RESUMO

Generating computer graphics (CG) rendered synthetic images has been widely used to create simulation environments for robotics/autonomous driving and generate labeled data. Yet, the problem of training models purely with synthetic data remains challenging due to the considerable domain gaps caused by current limitations on rendering. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective domain adaptation framework towards closing such gap at image level. Unlike many GAN-based approaches, our method aims to match the covariance of the universal feature embeddings across domains, making the adaptation a fast, convenient step and avoiding the need for potentially difficult GAN training. To align domains more precisely, we further propose a conditional covariance matching framework which iteratively estimates semantic segmentation regions and conditionally matches the class-wise feature covariance given the segmentation regions. We demonstrate that both tasks can mutually refine and considerably improve each other, leading to state-of-the-art domain adaptation results. Extensive experiments under multiple synthetic-to-real settings show that our approach exceeds the performance of latest domain adaptation approaches. In addition, we offer a quantitative analysis where our framework shows considerable reduction in Frechet Inception distance between source and target domains, demonstrating the effectiveness of this work in bridging the synthetic-to-real domain gap.

13.
IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell ; 42(6): 1408-1423, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30676944

RESUMO

We investigate two crucial and closely-related aspects of CNNs for optical flow estimation: models and training. First, we design a compact but effective CNN model, called PWC-Net, according to simple and well-established principles: pyramidal processing, warping, and cost volume processing. PWC-Net is 17 times smaller in size, 2 times faster in inference, and 11 percent more accurate on Sintel final than the recent FlowNet2 model. It is the winning entry in the optical flow competition of the robust vision challenge. Next, we experimentally analyze the sources of our performance gains. In particular, we use the same training procedure for PWC-Net to retrain FlowNetC, a sub-network of FlowNet2. The retrained FlowNetC is 56 percent more accurate on Sintel final than the previously trained one and even 5 percent more accurate than the FlowNet2 model. We further improve the training procedure and increase the accuracy of PWC-Net on Sintel by 10 percent and on KITTI 2012 and 2015 by 20 percent. Our newly trained model parameters and training protocols are available on https://github.com/NVlabs/PWC-Net.


Assuntos
Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Bases de Dados Factuais , Humanos , Software
14.
Huan Jing Ke Xue ; 40(8): 3650-3659, 2019 Aug 08.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31854772

RESUMO

The direct discharge of wastewater from pig farms can restrict wetland plant growth meaning that constructed wetlands (CWs) have generally low treatment efficiency. The treatment of farming wastewater using pre-ecological treatment technologies can be used to ensure that effluent concentrations reach the tolerable limits of wetland plants. This study focused on the efficient use of crop straw for reducing the pollution load of swine wastewater. Using field-scale pilot tests, wheat straw, straw, and corn stalk were used as test biological matrix pool fillers to treat the farming wastewater. Continuous intake of wastewater and a hydraulic retention time of 7 days was adopted. When the average concentrations of COD, TN, NH4+-N, NO3--N, and TP in the influent were 1652.83 mg·L-1, 371.31 mg·L-1, 303.51 mg·L-1, 0.67 mg·L-1, and 65.22 mg·L-1, respectively, wheat straw had the greatest removal effect on COD, TN, and TP, achieving a removal rate of 32.1%, 40.9%, and 33.3%, respectively. The removal efficiency of straw on NH4+-N was highest, reaching 43.4%. After 180 days, the lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose of the three matrix materials were not completely decomposed. The degradation rate of lignin was lower than for cellulose and hemicellulose; the degradation of lignin and cellulose in the straw was fastest; and the degradation hemicellulose in wheat straw was fastest. The results show that wheat straw and straw offer a higher efficiency treatment for swine wastewater than corn stalk, and the suggested replacement cycle period is five months. These results provide initial data to support the application of biological matrix materials in the treatment of swine wastewater.

15.
DNA Seq ; 19(1): 8-12, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17852360

RESUMO

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) was thought to be the most common causative agent of life-threatening viral myocarditis. Coxsackievirus B3 strain CC (CVB3-CC) was isolated in China; however, no sequence data are available. The 1A and 3D regions of CVB3-CC were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was done with reference to ten other CVB3 strains and all 36 prototype strains of human enterovirus B (HEV-B). Sequence analysis showed that the 1A gene region of CVB3-CC consisted of 207 nucleotides, encoding 69 amino acids; and the 3D gene region was comprised of 1386 nucleotides, encoding 462 amino acids. Variation analysis showed that the 3D gene of CVB3 strain CC varied the least among the two regions. Phylogenetic tree analysis of the 1A and 3D regions indicated that CVB3-CC clustered together with CVB3 Nancy strain suggesting that there may be a close evolutionary relationship between the two strains. Incongruity was observed between the non-structural protein gene and the structural protein gene trees, according to the topological structure, indicating that recombination was occurred among these strains.


Assuntos
Sequência de Bases , Enterovirus Humano B/genética , Variação Genética , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Genoma Viral/genética , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular
16.
Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue ; 27(3): 285-288, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30411125

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To assess the impact of oral health promotion project on periodontal condition and life quality of the elderly in long-term care institutions. METHODS: Elder people from 5 nursing homes in Wuhan city were selected and assigned to either the experimental group or the control group by random cluster grouping method. A six-month oral health promotion project was provided to the experimental group. The changes of geriatric oral health assessment index (GOHAI), oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) were compared with student's t test and repetitive measure analysis of variance using SPSS21.0 software package. RESULTS: A total of 322 subjects completed the study for 6 months, with 144 from the experimental group and 178 from the control group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in social demographic characteristics, GOHAI scores, OHI-S, GI, BOP and PD at baseline(P>0.05). Greater improvements were observed in GOHAI scores, OHI-S, GI and BOP in the experimental group than the control group after interventions (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Oral health promotion project can improve the elderly's oral health-related quality of life and periodontal condition.


Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde , Saúde Bucal , Qualidade de Vida , Idoso , Humanos , Assistência de Longa Duração , Doenças Periodontais , Índice Periodontal
17.
Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue ; 27(2): 181-184, 2018 Apr.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30146646

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To assess the impact of comprehensive health education on oral care knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of the elderly in the long-term care institutions and to provide references for oral health education among the elder people. METHODS: Elder people from 2 nursing centers in Wuhan were selected. The follow-up period was 6 months. Questionnaires were used to collect social-demographic characteristics and oral care KAP data at baseline, the third month and the sixth month, respectively. Comprehensive health education, toothpaste and toothbrushes were provided at baseline and the third month. The changes of oral care KAP were observed before and after interventions. SPSS21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 144 subjects with a mean age of (72.43±9.41) years completed the study after 6 months. At baseline, the KAP scores were (28.57±19.19), (70.66±21.99) and (39.86±24.18), respectively. At the sixth month, the KAP scores were (91.06±9.55), (95.31±10.23) and (90.00±13.38), respectively and significant improvements were observed (F=913.714, P<0.001; F=114.042, P<0.001; F=349.887, P<0.001). Oral care knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, attitude and practice were positively correlated(ß=0.173, P=0.038; ß=0.269, P=0.001; ß=0.197, P=0.018). Social-demographic characteristics had no significant effect on KAP scores (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term care institutions should strengthen oral health education and improve oral care KAP, oral health status and oral health-related quality of life of the elder people.


Assuntos
Educação em Saúde Bucal , Assistência de Longa Duração , Saúde Bucal , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida
18.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 6(1): 90-9, 2006 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16332517

RESUMO

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) that initiate tumor angiogenesis may acquire distinct properties after conditioning in tumor microenvironment as compared to ECs in non-malignant tissues. Thus far, most in vitro studies of angiogenesis used ECs isolated from normal tissues, which may not fully represent the nature of ECs in tumor vasculature. In this study, glioma-derived microvascular ECs (GDMEC) were purified from human glioma tissues by incubating with magnetic beads coated with anti-CD105 antibody and highly pure (98%) preparations of GDMEC were obtained. These cells exhibited typical EC phenotype, and proliferated rapidly in culture. Interestingly, GDMEC expressed higher levels of VEGF receptors, flt-1 and flk-1, as compared to an established human EC cell line ECV304 and primary human umbilical vascular EC (HUVEC). Functionally, GDMEC were capable of forming intercellular junctions and tubule-like structures (TLS) of various sizes. Stimulation by VEGF further promoted TLS formation with diverse tubular walls by GDMEC. In contrast, TLS formed by ECV304 and HUVEC showed significantly different features. We further observed that Nordy, a synthetic lipoxygenase inhibitor, potently inhibited TLS formation by GDMEC. The results suggest that isolation of highly pure ECs derived from tumor tissues is more appropriate for studies of tumor angiogenesis and for test of potential anti-cancer therapeutic targets.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/irrigação sanguínea , Glioma/irrigação sanguínea , Astrocitoma/irrigação sanguínea , Astrocitoma/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Linhagem Celular , Células Cultivadas , Endotélio Vascular/patologia , Glioblastoma/irrigação sanguínea , Glioblastoma/patologia , Glioma/patologia , Humanos , Separação Imunomagnética , Técnicas In Vitro , Lignanas , Masoprocol/análogos & derivados , Microcirculação/patologia , Modelos Biológicos , Neovascularização Patológica , Esferoides Celulares/efeitos dos fármacos , Esferoides Celulares/patologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/farmacologia
19.
PLoS One ; 11(11): e0166109, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27829012

RESUMO

Management is an effective tool for increasing the productivity of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica). This species has been widely planted in China, especially in sandy lands. However, optimization of management practices had not been fully explored. We established a system dynamic model to evaluate the effects of thinning and of manipulation of water supply on the productivity and population density of a Mongolian pine forest (17 scenarios in total). Different levels of thinning increased the mean biomass of Mongolian pine over no-management to a range from 202 to 256 t·ha-1. Increasing water supply decreased the mean biomass of Mongolian pine to a range from 176 to 199 t·ha-1. These results indicated that thinning at different levels may lead to an increase in biomass accumulation, while manipulating water supply may decrease biomass. Further, thinning appeared more effective than increasing water supply in efforts at maintaining high productivity of Mongolian pine forests. Moreover, the highest biomass occurred in a scenario with a thinning intensity of 30% in over-mature trees, indicating that this thinning intensity was the most effective choice for to the maintenance of the highest biomass in Mongolian pine forests. This study informs about the interactions between Mongolian pine and forest management, and provides guidelines for the practice of management of this forest type.


Assuntos
Agricultura Florestal/métodos , Pinus sylvestris/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Abastecimento de Água , Biomassa , China , Modelos Teóricos
20.
Huan Jing Ke Xue ; 37(11): 4103-4109, 2016 Nov 08.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29964658

RESUMO

VOCs emission of service station is one of the main sources of VOCs in Beijing. Uncontrolled emission factor (UEF) of refueling in China, US EPA, EEA respectively is 2.16, 1.31 and 1.00 times of CARB UEF (1008 mg·L-1). China's gasoline standards have changed in the last 20 years, and there is an urgent need to carry out the localization of gasoline refueling VOCs emission factor research. This paper compared test methods for refueling emission factors of European Union (EU) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) and found that the EU method was simpler and easier to operate than the CARB method, so we processed refueling VOCs emission factors test device in reference to EU test methods and chose a set of United States Stage Ⅱ vapor recovery system in Beijing service stations to carry out studies on VOCs emission factors. The results showed that: 1 For the fuel test tank, refueling vapor recovery efficiencies were 0.93 and 0.83 times of air to liquid volume ratio (A/L) of Stage Ⅱ respectively in winter and summer. Refueling emission factor in summer was greater than that in winter, and its recovery efficiency was lower than that in winter. 2 For the social vehicles, winter and summer refueling UEF respectively was (525±42) mg·L-1 and (963±174) mg·L-1, at the same time was 0.52 and 0.95 times of CARB refueling UEF (1008 mg·L-1) in A/L=0.The average value of emission factors respectively was (55±30) mg·L-1 and (112±108) mg·L-1 in A/L 1.05-1.07 in winter and summer. 3Refueling UEF without vapor recovery of social vehicles was chosen as the localized summer and winter refueling UEF in Beijing, we could calculate the emission factor of vapor recovery in different A/L combining with the linear equation of the fuel test tank.

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