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1.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 962022 Jun 08.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35703131

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a rare disease of genetic origin caused by the deletion of the distal end of chromosome 4, including at least the region p16.3. The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of the disease in the Spanish population, as well as to establish the geographical distribution of the syndrome throughout the Spanish geography, elucidating the age range in which there are more patients. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with the disease for nine years (2013-2021) throughout the Spanish territory were recruited for the research, thanks to agreements with the Spanish Association of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (AESWH). The clinical information of the patients was obtained from referring physicians using two standardized questionnaires completed with data from medical reports and the parent interview. The molecular characterization of the disease was made using SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) microarrays (cytoSNP850K, Illumina, USA). The data were statistically processed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) and SPSS (IBM) software, using comparisons between two groups s with Student's t-test (for continuous variables) or with Chi-square tests (for categorical ones). For more than two groups, ANOVA analyses were performed (followed by Bonferroni or T3-Dunnett post hoc tests) for continuous variables and z-tests between column proportions for categorical variables. RESULTS: In Spain (until 2021) eighty people are diagnosed with this syndrome, estimating its prevalence at 1.69x10-4 per 10,000 inhabitants and / or 1/172,904 for each live newborn. This paper remarks the existence of important differences in prevalence between the different regions in Spain. The region with the most diagnosed patients was Madrid, although the highest prevalence was observed in Asturias. Significant differences have been established in terms of sex and disease (ratio of women to men of 2:1), and the mean age at diagnosis has been established at 7.20 years. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of this syndrome in Spain has been estimated well below the prevalence that is handled in scientific texts (1/50,000 newborns). In addition, we have determined that this prevalence shows large geographical differences, which allows us to affirm that this syndrome could be under-diagnosed in our country. Most of the patients included in this cohort are of paediatric age. It has not been possible to corroborate that mortality in this syndrome, in our population, occurs preferably during the first two years of life, as has been claimed.


OBJETIVO: El Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn es una enfermedad poco frecuente de origen genético causada por la deleción del extremo distal del cromosoma 4, que incluye preferentemente la región p16.3. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad en la población española, así como establecer la distribución geográfica del síndrome a lo largo de la geografía nacional, dilucidando el rango de edad en el que existían más pacientes afectados. METODOS: Para la investigación se reclutaron 80 pacientes diagnosticados con el síndrome en el periodo 2013-2021, en todo el territorio español, gracias a los acuerdos con la Asociación Española de Síndrome Wolf-Hirschhorn (AESWH). La información clínica de los pacientes se obtuvo mediante dos cuestionarios estandarizados que fueron cumplimentados por médicos de referencia y los padres, siendo completados y corroborados con los distintos informes médicos de cada paciente y, al menos, una entrevista una entrevista a los padres. La caracterización molecular de la enfermedad se realizó mediante el uso de microarrays de SNP (del inglés, single nucleotide polymorphism) (CytoSNP 850K, Illumina). Los datos se trataron estadísiticamente utilizando los softwares Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) y SPSS (IBM), mediante las comparaciones entre dos grupos s con la prueba t de Student (para variables continuas) o con pruebas de Chi cuadrado (para las categóricas). Para más de dos grupos se realizó análisis ANOVA (seguido de las pruebas post hoc de Bonferroni o T3-Dunnett) para variables continuas y pruebas z entre proporciones de columna para variables categóricas. RESULTADOS: En España (hasta 2021) están diagnosticadas ochenta personas con este síndrome, estimándose su prevalencia en 1,69x10-4 por cada 10.000 habitantes y/o 1/172.904 por cada recién nacido vivo. En este trabajo se constató la existencia de importantes diferencias de prevalencia entre las comunidades autónomas de nuestro país. La comunidad con más pacientes diagnosticados fue Madrid, aunque la mayor prevalencia se observó en Asturias. Se establecieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto al sexo y la enfermedad (proporción de mujeres sobre varones de 2:1), así como se estableció la edad media al diagnóstico en 7,20 años. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de este síndrome en España se estima muy por debajo de la prevalencia que se maneja en los textos científicos (1 por cada 50.000 recién nacidos). Adicionalmente, hemos determinado que esta prevalencia muestra grandes diferencias geográficas, lo que nos permite afirmar que este síndrome podría encontrarse infra-diagnosticado en nuestro país. La mayor parte de los pacientes incluidos en esta cohorte se encuentran en edad pediátrica. No se ha podido corroborar que la mortalidad en este síndrome, en nuestra población, ocurra preferentemente durante los dos primeros años de vida, como se venía afirmando.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Prevalência , Espanha/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/genética
2.
Rev Neurol ; 54(9): 530-6, 2012 May 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22532216

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Tumours of the central nervous system (CNS) are one of the most common causes of child mortality, second only to accidents. In the last few decades we have witnessed an increase in the incidence of these tumours, which now stands at 2.5-3.2 cases/100,000 children/year in the population under 15 years of age. AIMS: To determine the real incidence of tumours affecting the CNS in Asturias and to describe their characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were collected on patients under 15 years of age who had been diagnosed with a CNS tumour in any of the hospitals in the Community during the ten-year period 1999-2008. RESULTS: The mean annual incidence of CNS tumours was 4.4 cases/100,000 children/year (range: 3.1-5.7). The mean time elapsed before a diagnosis was reached was 2.03 months. The clinical features at onset were focal neurological deficit in 58% of cases, followed by cerebellar symptoms (42%), headache (32%) and behavioural disorders (32%). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of tumours affecting the CNS found in children in Asturias is the highest of those recorded for this age bracket, the clinical features of these patients being similar to those in other studies. We seem to be before new data that confirms the claims of a growing incidence of these tumours.


Assuntos
Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Registros , Espanha/epidemiologia
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 109(3): e47-51, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21660376

RESUMO

SCIWORA is an uncommon syndrome affecting mainly children and is defined as the occurrence of acute spinal cord injury despite normal plain radiography and normal computed tomography (CT). Lumbar SCIWORA is very rare in children, and to our knowledge, there is only one report of lumbar SCIWORA in the literature. We present the case of a 5 year-old boy who suffered acute bilateral lower limbs paralysis, associated to urinary and bowel incontinence following a 1.5 meter fall. Lumbar cord contusion could be demonstrated on MRI without other radiologic abnormalities, which confirmed SCIWORA diagnosis. Our case report illustrates the potential seriousness of this disease and the importance of a thorough and accurate clinical history for diagnosis.


Assuntos
Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares , Masculino
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 109(3): e47-e51, jun. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-602396

RESUMO

La lesión espinal medular sin anomalías radiológicas (SCIWORA, por su sigla en inglés) constituye una entidad poco frecuente que afecta principalmente a niños y se define por la existencia de una lesión medular aguda, pese a la normalidad de la imagen radiológica convencional o por transmisión (TC).El SCIWORA de localización lumbar constituye una rareza en la población infantil y, según nuestro conocimiento, sólo existe un caso con esta localización descrito previamente en la bibliografía. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 5 años que sufrió una parálisis aguda bilateral de ambas extremidades inferiores asociada a incontinencia urinaria y fecal después de una caídadesde 1,5 metros. Se evidenció una contusión medular lumbar en la imagen de resonancia magnética, sin otro tipo de lesiones, que confirmó el diagnóstico de SCIWORA. Nuestro caso clínico ilustra la gravedad potencial de esta patología y la necesidad de una adecuada historia clínica para su diagnóstico.


SCIWORA is an uncommon syndrome affecting mainly children and is defined as the occurrence of acute spinal cord injury despite normal plain radiography and normal computed tomography (CT). Lumbar SCIWORA is very rare in children, and to our knowledge, there is only one report of lumbar SCIWORAin the literature. We present the case of a 5 year-old boy who suffered acute bilateral lower limbs paralysis, associatedto urinary and bowel incontinence following a 1.5 meter fall. Lumbar cord contusion could be demonstrated on MRIwithout other radiologic abnormalities, which confirmed SCIWORA diagnosis.Our case report illustrates the potential seriousness of this disease and the importance of a thorough and accurate clinical history for diagnosis.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Região Lombossacral , Medula Óssea/lesões , Medula Óssea , Paraplegia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/terapia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal
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