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1.
Orv Hetil ; 162(3): 106-111, 2021 01 17.
Artigo em Húngaro | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33459605

RESUMO

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A multirezisztens kórokozók által okozott fertozések komoly gondot okoznak. Szemészeti szempontból az ebbe a körbe tartozó meticillinrezisztens Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) baktérium bír kiemelkedo jelentoséggel. Célkituzés: Multirezisztens kórokozók irányában cataractamutét elott álló betegektol mintavétel és adatelemzés. Módszer: 257, cataractamutét elott álló beteg esetében végeztünk multirezisztens kórokozók szurésére vizsgálatot a conjunctivazsákból. A mikrobiológiai tenyésztés során multirezisztens kórokozóra pozitív eredményt adó betegek esetében a preoperatív kórtörténetet és az általános kíséro betegségeket feltártuk és elemeztük. Eredmények: A minták 17 beteg esetében multirezisztens kórokozóra pozitívak voltak. 11 esetben szisztémás rizikófaktorokat is találtunk. A pozitív betegeknél a mutétet csak a felszabadító mikrobiológiai eredmények birtokában végeztük el. A dekolonizált betegeknél ezt követoen a szakmai protokoll normális antibiotikumprevencióját alkalmaztuk. A 257 beteg 6,6%-ában találtunk multirezisztenskórokozó- és 5%-ában MRSA-pozitivitást. Posztoperatív endophthalmitis nem fordult elo. Következtetés: A cataractamutéteknél alkalmazott antibiotikus endophthalmitisprevenció multirezisztens kórokozóra pozitív betegeknél kevéssé hatékony lehet. Ezért javasolt a veszélyeztetett betegek multirezisztens kórokozókra történo szurése és dekolonizációja. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 106-111. INTRODUCTION: Infections caused by multiresistant pathogens may have serious consequences. In ophthalmological practice, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most important multiresistant pathogen. OBJECTIVE: We took samples for multiresistant pathogens from patients assigned for cataract surgery. METHOD: We carried out multiresistant pathogen screening from conjunctival sac in 257 patients, who were assigned for cataract surgery. Preoperative case history and concomitant systemic diseases were evaluated in patients, who turned out to be positive for multiresistant pathogens during the screening procedure. RESULTS: The samples were positive for multiresistant pathogens in 17 patients. In the case history of 11 multiresistant pathogen positive patients, previous systemic risk factors could be explored. Multiresistant pathogen positive patients were operated only after the decolonisation. After the decolonisation, the normal antibiotic prevention was used before the surgery. Multiresistant pathogen positive was 6.6%, MRSA positive was 5% of the 257 patients. There were no cases of endophthalmitis in any of these patients. CONCLUSION: Endophthalmitis prevention with antibiotics, according to the guidelines, may not be efficient in multiresistant pathogen positive patients. Therefore, it is advisable to screen multiresistant pathogens and decolonisation at risk patients before cataract surgery. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(3): 106-111.


Assuntos
Catarata/microbiologia , Endoftalmite/prevenção & controle , Aparelho Lacrimal/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Extração de Catarata , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Orv Hetil ; 148(31): 1469-73, 2007 Aug 05.
Artigo em Húngaro | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17656337

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: According to data in the literature, the number of nosocomial infections in the ICU is far higher than in non-ICU patients. As a result of improving lifesaving technologies, the risk of nosocomial infections increases in ICUs. Utilization of epidemiological methods is recommended for the detection and follow up of nosocomial infections. AIMS: Prospective surveillance to assess the epidemiology of nosocomial infections in an ICU. METHODS: Kenézy Hospital is a country hospital with 1637 beds and a 16-bed central ICU. During the investigated period (01. 04. 2004-31. 03. 2006) 1490 patients, with a total 8058 ICU days, were hospitalised in the mixed medical-surgical ICU. The commonest primary diagnosis were respiratory failure, multiple trauma and head injury. Surveillance was performed by a trained infection control nurse and was supervised by an infection control physician and infectious disease physician. CDC definitions were used to define nosocomial infections. RESULTS: A total of 194 nosocomial infections in 134 patients were detected during the study period. The overall incidence and incidence density of nosocomial infections were 13.0 per 100 patients and 24.0 per 1000 patient-days. Respiratory tract infections (44.3%) were the most frequent nosocomial infection, followed by urinary tract (21.1%) and bloodstream infections (20.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial surveillance is useful in detecting nosocomial infections in ICU. A multidisciplinary approach and partnership between the physicians and infection control nurses is needed. Patient-to-nurse ratio is an independent risk factor for nosocomial infections in intensive care, this must be kept in mind when planning rationalization of the number of nursing staff.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Bacteriemia/epidemiologia , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Candidíase/epidemiologia , Fungemia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Hungria/epidemiologia , Incidência , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/estatística & dados numéricos , Admissão e Escalonamento de Pessoal , Vigilância da População , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Fatores de Risco , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/microbiologia , Infecções Urinárias/epidemiologia , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Recursos Humanos
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