[A case of pleural metastasis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor].

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) frequently metastasizes to the lungs, although pleural metastasis is rare. This article reported a case of pleural metastasis of MPNST. The patient was a young man who presented with 1 week of shortness of breath with dry cough. He had a history of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. The patient was diagnosed with MPNST pleural metastasis after a thoracoscopic pleural biopsy, which revealed short spindle cell hyperplasia, immunohistochemical staining for S-100(+), SOX-10(+), Ki-67(+) with a positive index of 20%, and H3K27Me3(-) in the pleural pathology.

Juvenile hormone regulates the reproductive diapause through Methoprene-tolerant gene in Galeruca daurica.

Juvenile hormone (JH) signalling plays an important role in regulation of reproductive diapause in insects. However, its underlying molecular mechanism has been unclear. Methoprene-tolerant (Met), as a universal JH receptor, is involved in JH action. To gain some insight into its function in the reproductive diapause of Galeruca daurica, a serious pest on the Inner Mongolia grasslands undergoing obligatory summer diapause at the adult stage, we cloned the complete open-reading frame (ORF) sequences of Met and other 7 JH signalling-related genes, including JH acid methyltransferase (JHAMT), JH esterase (JHE), JH epoxide hydrolase (JHEH), Krüppel homologue 1 (Kr-h1), vitellogenin (Vg), forkhead box O (FOXO) and fatty acid synthase 2 (FAS2), from this species. GdMet encoded a putative protein, which contained three domains typical of the bHLH-PAS family. Expression patterns of these eight genes were developmentally regulated during adult development. Topical application of JH analogue (JHA) methoprene into the 3-day-old and 5-day-old adults induced the expression of GdMet. Silencing GdMet by RNAi inhibited the expression of JHBP, JHE, Kr-h1 and Vg, whereas promoted the FAS2 expression, which enhanced lipid accumulation and fat body development, and finally induced the adults into diapause ahead. Combining with our previous results, we conclude that JH may regulate reproductive diapause through a conserved Met-dependent pathway in G. daurica.

Efficient all-optical router and beam splitter for light with orbital angular momentum.

We propose an efficient scheme for realizing all-optical router or beam splitter (BS) by employing a double tripod-type atomic system, where the ground levels are coupled by two additional intensity-dependent weak microwave fields. We show that the high-dimensional probe field encoded in a degree of freedom of orbital angular momentum can be stored, retrieved, and manipulated. Due to the constructive or destructive interference between the introduced microwave fields and the atomic spin coherence, the generated stationary light pulses and the retrieved probe fields can be increased or decreased with high efficiency and fidelity in a controllable manner. On the basis of the results and a general extension, a tunable all-optical router or BS, which can split a high-dimensional probe field into two or more ones, can be achieved by actively operating the controlling fields and the microwave fields. The current scheme, integrating multiple functions and showing excellent performance, could greatly enhance the tunability and capacity for the all-optical information processing.

[Application of SF-36 scale in the survey of quality of life of occupational disease patients].

Objective: To explore the application of the Short Form of Quality of Life (SF-36) scale in the investigation of quality of life of occupational disease patients. Methods: In May 2019, SF-36 scale was used to investigate the occupational disease patients diagnosed in Hangzhou. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by Cronbach's α coefficient, and the validity of the scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis. Results: The Cronbach's α coefficients of PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE and MH were 0.937, 0.977, 0.870, 0.908, 0.815, 0.701, 0.967 and 0.863 respectively, and the half reliability coefficient α=0.905. The two factor statistics representing physiological and psychological aspects were 0.870, and the approximate chi square value was 1784.337 (P<0.01) . Compared with the national norm, the scores of each dimension of quality of life of occupational disease patients were significantly lower, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01) ; Compared with the scores of each dimension of quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients, the scores of PF, RP and GH of occupational disease patients were significantly higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: SF-36 scale has good reliability and validity in measuring the quality of life of patients with occupational diseases, which can be used to evaluate the quality of life of patients with occupational diseases.

[Study on quality of life and influeming factors of occupational disease patients in hangzhou].

Objective: To investigate and analyze the quality of life of occupational patients in Hangzhou and its influencing factors, so as to improve their qol. Methods: From January 2007 to June 2018, patients with diagnosed occupational diseases in Hangzhou City were randomly sampled in October 2019. The patients＇basic condition and quality of life were investigated by self-made questionnaire and SF-36, a total of 303 valid questionnaires were collected and the influencing factors were analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Results: The scores of physiological function, physiological function, physical pain, general health status, energy, social function, emotional function and mental health of the patients with occupational diseases in Hangzhou were lower than those of the general population in China, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01) . The main factors affecting the score of quality of life of occupational patients are the types of occupational diseases, the level of disability and the duration of illness, the condition of suffering from other diseases, age, educational level, whether they are entitled to Work Injury Insurance, economic income, medical security and social support, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The quality of life of the patients with occupational diseases in Hangzhou City is poor, and the corresponding measures should be established to improve the qulity of life.

Coherent generation and manipulation of entangled stationary photons based on a multiple degrees of freedom quantum memory.

We propose a quantum memory, each subsystem of which is comprised of two double M-type systems of cold atoms, for the first generation of entangled stationary photons (ESPs). Through the active operation of two pairs of counter-propagating controlling fields in time, the reversible transfer of entanglement between photons and atomic ensembles is realized, and the ESPs can be created due to the tight coupling and balanced competition between the corresponding retrieved signal photons. The reduced density matrix in the photon-polarization basis, which provides the lower bound for any purported entanglement, is constructed for discussing the dynamics evolution of the entanglement in terms of the concurrence. We show that the present scheme can be employed for the entangled photons encoded in degrees of freedom (DOFs) of polarization and orbital angular momentum. Such a multiple DOFs dependent scheme, with many benefits over that in a single one, could pave the way toward quantum nonlinear optics without a cavity and could greatly enhance the tunability and capacity for the quantum information processing.

[Investigation and analysis of quality of life of some pneumoconiosis patients in Hangzhou].

Objective: To understand the quality of life and influencing factors of patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for formulating targeted improvement strategies to improve the quality of life. Methods: From April to December 2018, Questionnaire survey was conducted on patients with pneumoconiosis that diagnosed in Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, using self-made questionnaire and SF-36.237 valid questionnaires were used to investigate the basic conditions, health services, social assistance and quality of life of patients, and analyze the influencing factors of quality of life. Results: Hangzhou city's some pneumoconiosis patients were mostly with monthly income <3000 yuan (72.6%, 172/237) ; more patients with medical expenses of 8000 to 25000 yuan per year (60.3%, 143/237) ; The proportion of patients receiving medical assistance and work-related injury insurance was low, at 2.1% (5/237) and 23.8% (54/227) respectively. The scores of Pneumoconiosis patients in PhysicalFunction (PF) , Role-Physical (RP) , Bodily Pain (BP) , General Health (GH) , Vitality (VT) , Social Function (SF) , Role-Emotional (RE) and Mental Health (MH) were lower than the national norm (P<0.05) . The scores from high to low were BP, SF, MH, PF, VT, RE, RP and GH. There were significant differences in the quality of life scores of pneumoconiosis patients with different ages, work types, education levels and monthly income (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The quality of life of some patients with pneumoconiosis in Hangzhou is lower than that of the general population. Age, work types, and monthly income are factors influencing quality of life.

Efficient images storage via modulating the atomic spin coherence in a N-type system.

A four-level N-type cold atomic system is proposed for optimizing images storage based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Both analytical analysis and numerical simulation clearly show that the application, during the storage time, of an additional intensity-modulated signal field and an additional microwave field can impose an intensity and a phase-dependent factors on the atomic spin coherence in a controlled manner, then the amplitude of the retrieved images can be increased or decreased with an enhancement in the visibility. Our results are very promising for the realization of all-optical information processing of images coherently stored in EIT media in the future.

[An investigation of lanthanum and other metals levels in blood, urine and hair among residents in the rare earth mining area of a city in China].

Objective: To investigate the levels of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium in the blood, urine, and hair samples from residents in the rare earth mining area of a city in China, and to provide a scientific basis for the control of rare earth pollution and the protection of population health. Methods: A total of 147 residents who had lived in the rare earth mining area of a city for a long time were selected as the exposure group, and 108 residents in Guyang County of this city who lived 91 km away from the rare earth mining area were selected as the control group. Blood, urine, and hair samples were collected from the residents in both groups. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium in blood, urine, and hair samples. Results: In the exposure group, the median levels of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium were 0.854, 1.724, 0.132, and 0.839 µg/L, respectively, in blood samples, 0.420, 0.920, 0.055, and 0.337 µg/L, respectively, in urine samples, and 0.052, 0.106, 0.012, and 0.045 µg/g, respectively, in hair samples. The exposure group had significantly higher levels of the four rare earth elements in blood, urine, and hair samples than the control group (P<0.01) . Conclusion: The residents in the rare earth mining area of this city have higher content of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium in blood, urine, and hair than those in the non-mining area; the content of cerium is highest, followed by lanthanum, neodymium, and praseodymium.

[The study on behaviour of protective equipment utilization of workers exposed to benzene and factors based on Planned Behavior Theory].

Objective: To investigate and predict the behavioral intention and mode of the protective equipment utilization selection of the workers who used Benzene, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was applied to establish the behavioral model to enhance the theoretical foundation for long-term intervention. Methods: Questionnaires were used to survey the 707 workers, and all the behaviors of using protective equipment were investigated. Evaluate the relationships between each variable and obtain the influence affects by structural equation model. Results: The investigation showed that 38.47% of the total workers (272 cases) used whole body protection, 13.58% used partially, and 16.69% didn't use any body protection. There were significant difference between the varying degrees in the four dimensions (behavioral attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norm, and behavioral intention) (P<0.01) . The results of structural equation model revealed that perceived behavior control was the most important influencing factor, subjective norm, positive attitude, negative attitude were the other three respects in sequence. The path co-efficient were 0.600、0.215、0.141 and 0.046 respectively. Conclusion: The study show that the theory of planned behavior can effectively explain the behavioral intention and behavior of protective equipment utilization. Therefore, combining the subjective initiative of individuals with the supervision of enterprises, In order to effectively enhance the protective equipment utilization of benzene workers.

[Response and prognosis of neoadjuvant dose-dense or standard schedule chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes for Luminal B breast cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant dose-dense or standard schedule chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes for Luminal B (HER2-)Breast Cancer. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2014, 168 Luminal B (HER2-) breast cancer patients with stageⅡA-ⅢC confirmed by pathology were randomly assigned to receive one of the following regimens: (group A) concurrent TEC× 4 every 3 weeks, ( group B ) sequential EC× 4-T × 4 every 3 weeks, (group C ) dose-dense TEC× 4 every 2 weeks with G-CSF, (group D) sequential EC× 4(dose-dense)-T × 4 with dose-dense every 2 weeks . Results: A total of 168 patients completed the neoadjuvant chemotherapy as planned. The pathologic complete response (pCR) was 16.8% in the 4 groups.The pCR were 30.9% and 26.1% in the group C and group D respectively, significantly higher than patients with group A and group B(9.5%and 7.1%) ( P<0.05). Median follow-up was 43 months (IQR 3-63). The 3-year disease free survival (DFS) rate was 64.7%, 55.5%, 87.8% and 92.1% and the 3-year overall survival(OS)rate was 79.4%, 77.7%, 95.1%, 97.3% in the 4 groups respectively. Patients in the dose-dense group had better 3-year DFS and 3-year OS than those with the regular group.The side-effects could be evaluated in 154 patients.The incidence of neutropenia was 29.2% and 21.9% in the group C and group D versus 65.7%and 51.3% in the regular group(P<0.05), the incidence of nervous toxicity was 54.2%, 18.9%, 60.0%, 26.8% in the 4 groups respectively. The incidence of nervous toxicity in the dose-dense group was lower than that in the regular regimen group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Neoadjuvant dose-dense chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes for Luminal B (HER2-)Breast Cancer was effective and can improve the pCR, DFS and OS.Comparing the two dose dense regimens, sequentially with anthracyclines and taxanes, the incidence of nervous toxicity were lower.

[Experimental observation of hyperbaric oxygen combined with radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of nude mice bearing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen combined with radioactive seed implantation in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Subcutaneous tumor model of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using TE-8 cells was established. Tumor bearing Balb/c(nu/nu) mice (60 mice) were divided into four groups, Cont group that treated with normal oxygen level, HBO group that treated with hyperbaric oxygen, RSI group that treated with radioactive seed implantation, and HBO+ RSI group that treated with hyperbaric oxygen combined with radioactive seed implantation. Tumor volume ratio and mean survival time of tumor bearing mice were observed. Pathological changes of tumor tissue after treatment were observed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to detect oxidative stress. Apoptosis related proteins were detected by Western blot. Results: After treatment, the tumor volume ratio of HBO+ RSI group was 3.51±0.80 and was significantly lower than that of Cont group, HBO group, and RSI group (P<0.05). The mean survival time of HBO+ RSI group tumor bearing mice was 62 d and was significantly longer than that in Cont group, HBO group, and RSI group (P<0.05). HE staining showed that the pathological changes of tumor tissues were most obvious in HBO+ RSI group. After treatment, the MDA and Bax levels in nude mice of HBO+ RSI group were significantly higher than those in Cont group, HBO group and RSI group, but the levels of GSH, SOD and Bcl-2 were significantly lower than those of Cont group, HBO group and RSI group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen combined with radioactive seed implantation could slow tumor growth and increase survival time of tumor bearing mice. The possible mechanism is that hyperbaric oxygen combined with radioactive seed implantation can improve the oxidative stress response and the expression of apoptosis protein in tumor bearing nude mice.

[Anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of the lower lobe: three cases reports and literature review].

Objective: To improve the clinical recognition of anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of the lower lobe in clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Three cases were presented and related literatures were reviewed. A literature review was performed with"anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal lower lobe of the lung","anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of the lower lobe"and"anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of the left lower lobe of the lung"as key words in Pubmed, Embase, Ovid, Wanfang database and CNKI. Result: Our 3 cases were male, with an average age of 36 years old; all of them were admitted with hemoptysis. Left lower lobectomy was performed in 2 cases, and the other 1 case underwent endovascular embolization. 26 related articles were retrieved and our 3 cases were included in this study with a total of 57 cases. The ratio of male to female was 2∶1 (38∶19), with an average age of about 35 years old. The most common symptom was hemoptysis (26/57), followed by asymptomatic (22/57). The main treatments included left lower lobectomy (17/47) and endovascular embolization of anomalous systemic artery (13/47). Conclusions: This disease is more common in male, and the most common symptom is hemoptysis. When chest CT scan shows a nodular retrocardiac density with hemoptysis symptom, clinicians and radiologists should raise suspicion of anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal basal segments of the lower lobe. Chest contrast-enhanced CT scan is an appropriate imaging method to confirm diagnosis. The main treatments include left lower lobectomy and endovascular embolization. For asymptomatic patient, observation may be an acceptable option.

[Analysis of diagnosis, therapy and prognosis factors of 103 patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors].

Objective: To discuss the clinical pathology characteristics, strategies of diagnosis and therapy, and related prognosis factors of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(pNET). Methods: Clinical data of 103 pNET cases in Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University were collected from January 2006 to December 2015. There were 44 males and 59 females, aged from 21 to 77 years with mean age of 48 years.Of the 103 patients, there were functional type in 21 cases and no functional type in 82 cases. Related factors on diagnosis and treatment were summarized. Moreover, univariate survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, and COX proportional hazards model was used for multivariate survival analysis. Results: The detection rates of the B-ultrasound, CT, MRI were 60.2%, 84.6% and 91.3%, respectively, and there were 44 cases located in pancreatic head, 18 cases in pancreatic neck and 41 cases in pancreatic body and tail.G1 was the most common pathological grade, and the positive rates of Chromogranin A, Syn, neuron-specific enolase and CAM5.2 were 97.1%, 97.1%, 91.3% and 93.2%, respectively. The results of statistical analysis showed that tumor grade(χ(2)=26.077, P<0.05), Ki-67 index(χ(2)=25.427, P<0.05), ENETS stage(χ(2)=5.915, P<0.05), AJCC stage(χ(2)=8.411, P<0.05), lymph node metastasis(χ(2)=4.770, P<0.05) and distant metastasis(χ(2)=8.411, P<0.05) were associated with the prognosis of pNET, and the tumor grade was an independent risk factor of the pNET' overall prognositic factors (HR=3.085, P<0.01). Conclusions: The pNET can be located in any part of pancreas, and the combination of laboratory and various imaging examinations can help make early diagnosis. In addition, tumor grade, Ki-67 index, ENETS stage, AJCC stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were closely related to the prognosis of pNET, and the higher the tumor grade, the worse the prognosis.

[Effects of trabecular metal augments for the reconstruction of Paprosky type â ¢ acetabulum bone defects].

Objective: To investigate the methods and short-time clinical results of reconstruction of Paprosky type Ⅲ acetabulum bone defects by using tantalum augments. Methods: A total of 17 patients (17 hips) with Paprosky type Ⅲ acetabulum bone defects, treated with tantalum augments in revision of total hip arthroplasty at Department of Orthopedics Surgery in General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army were retrospectively analyzed from March 2014 to May 2016.There were 6 males and 11 females aged from 23 to 74 years with an average of (50.2±16.3) years. Tantalum augments or TM-Cup augment (the cup-on-cup technique) were used to reconstruct the defects.The TM-Cup augment was the tantalum revision cup which was removed titanium ring. The cup-on-cup technique combined TM-Cup augment and biological acetabulum cup. Augments were served as the nonresorptive structural allograft in revision of total hip arthroplasty. Harris hip score was used to evaluate clinical effects. The vertical position of the rotation center was measured and analyzed. Radiographic assessments of the acetabular components were performed by DeLee-Charnley and the Anderson criteria and recorded postoperative complications. Results: All the patients were followed up from 3 to 29 months with an average of (16.2±5.4) months, tantalum augments and biological acetabulum cup were used in 13 patients, the TM-Cup augment and biological acetabulum cup were used in 4 patients. At the time of the latest follow-up, the mean Harris hip score increased compared to preoperatively (86.8±8.3 vs. 30.0±12.0) (t=12.78, P<0.01), the average vertical location of the center of rotation was decreased ((25.3±9.8) mm vs.(47.6±10.5)) mm (t=4.95, P<0.01). All the tantalum augments and biological acetabulum cups were stable, there were no infection, dislocation and other complications. Conclusions: The use of tantalum augments could be considered as an effective management of Paprosky type Ⅲ defects providing good clinical and radiographic outcomes in the short term.The cup-on-cup technique which was used in reconstruction of severe superior-invagination acetabular bone defects and restoration relatively normal center of rotation had special application value.

A rice LSD1-like-type ZFP gene OsLOL5 enhances saline-alkaline tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, yeast and rice.

BACKGROUND: Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) play an important role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stress. However, little is known about the function of LSD1-like-type ZFP in saline-alkaline (SA) stress resistance of rice. In this study, OsLOL5 (GenBank No. AJ620677), containing two LSD1-like-type C2C2 domains, was isolated and analyzed its protection roles in transgenic plants and yeast. OsLOL5 was located in the nucleus as evidenced by the bombardment of onion epidermal cells. RESULTS: OsLOL5 expression significantly increased in rice leaves and roots under 150 mmol L-1 NaCl, 30 mM NaHCO3, and 10 mmol L-1 H2O2 treatment, respectively. Overexpression of OsLOL5 in yeast resulted in SA tolerance at significant level. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing OsLOL5 grew well in the presence of both NaCl and NaHCO3 treatments, whereas wild-type plants exhibited chlorosis, stunted growth phenotype, and even death. SA stress caused significant changes in the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in non-transgenic plants compared with those in transgenic lines. Transgenic rice overexpressing OsLOL5 exhibited stronger resistance than NT under NaHCO3 treatment, as demonstrated by its greater shoot length, and fresh weight. The genes associated with oxidative stress, such as OsAPX2, OsCAT, OsCu/Zn-SOD, and OsRGRC2, were significantly upregulated in OsLOL5-overexpressing rice. The results suggested that OsLOL5 improved SA tolerance in plants, and regulated oxidative and salinity stress retardation via the active oxygen detoxification pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The yeast INVScI bacterium grew significantly better than the control strain under NaCl, NaHCO3, and H2O2 treatments. These findings illustrated that OsLOL5 overexpression enhanced yeast resistance for SA stress through active oxygen species. The present study showed that the OsLOL5 genes involved in the ROS signaling pathways may combine with the model plant Arabidopsis and rice in LDS1-type ZFP by ROS signaling pathways that regulate cell necrosis. We speculated that the OsLOL5 active oxygen scavenging system may have coordinating roles. The present study further revealed that OsLOL5 ZFP could regulate oxidative stress function, but could also provide a basis for salt-resistant rice strains.

First genetic linkage map for the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) constructed using microsatellite and AFLP markers.

The mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is of economic importance for the fisheries and aquaculture industry in China. In this study, we constructed the first genetic linkage map for this species using microsatellite and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The map consisted of 65 linkage groups, including 34 triplets and 9 doublets. A total of 212 molecular markers were mapped, including 60 microsatellites and 152 AFLP markers. The linkage groups ranged from 7 to 102.5 cM and covered 2746.4 cM in length. The mean length was 42.3 cM per linkage group, and the mean spacing was 18.68 cM. The genome size was estimated to be 5539.62 cM, with 50% coverage by the present map. Moreover, we reported 5 transcriptome-derived polymorphic microsatellite markers and characterized their polymorphism in a first-generation family. This study will facilitate studies on high-density maps and molecular marker-assisted selection in S. paramamosain and related crustacean species.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic relationships of the three-spot swimming crab (Portunus sanguinolentus).

In this study, we determined the whole mitochondrial genome profile of the three-spot swimming crab (Portunus sanguinolentus) and elucidated phylogenetic relationships between representative species in the order Decapoda. The mitochondrial genome was 16,024 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. Of the 37 genes, 23 were encoded by the heavy strand while 14 were encoded by the light strand. Four types of start codons were identified; ATG initiated nine genes, ATT initiated two genes, and ATC and GTG each started one gene. Nine protein-coding genes ended with a complete TAA or TAG stop codon, and four genes ended with an incomplete T or TA codon. Fourteen non-coding regions were found, which ranged from 1 to 34 bp in length. Nine overlaps were observed, with lengths between 1 and 7 bp. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that P. sanguinolentus is genetically closest to P. trituberculatus and P. pelagicus. Charybdis feriata, C. japonica, and Thalamita crenata formed a single cluster, and were close to the genera Callinectes and Portunus. Therefore, the genera Charybdis and Thalamita should be classified into the subfamily Portuninae.

Association of genetic variations in miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-149 rs11614913 with the development of classic Kaposi sarcoma.

Classic Kaposi sarcoma is a type of vascular proliferative inflammatory disease. Previous studies have reported significant associations between microRNAs expression and the development of classic Kaposi sarcoma. Here, we conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between miR-146a and miR-149 genetic polymorphisms and risk of classic Kaposi sarcoma in a Chinese population. Both classic Kaposi sarcoma patients and healthy controls were recruited between December 2013 and October 2015. Genotyping of miR-146a and miR-149 was performed by polymerase chain reaction-coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results showed that the GG genotype of miR-146a was associated with increased risk to classic Kaposi sarcoma (OR = 6.00, 95%CI = 1.19-30.12), as compared with the CC genotype. In the recessive model, we found that the GG genotype carried a 4.55-fold increased risk to classic Kaposi sarcoma as compared with the CC + CG genotype (OR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.04-20.29). In conclusion, our study demonstrated that miR-146a, but not miR-149 polymorphism, is associated with risk to classic Kaposi sarcoma in the Chinese population.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Portunus pelagicus with implications for phylogenomics.

This study determined the mitochondrial genome structure of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus), and elucidated its phylogenetic relationships among the species within the order Decapoda. The complete mitochondrial genome was 16,155 bp long, and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 DNA control region. The gene order of the genome was the same as that found within the family Portunidae. Twenty-three genes were on the heavy strand and 14 were on the light strand. Almost all of the protein-coding genes were initiated by an ATG codon, except for three genes (ATP6, ND1, and ND3) that started with a rare ATT codon. Of the 13 protein-coding genes, 10 ended with complete TAA or TAG stop codons and three ended with an incomplete T codon. Thirteen non-coding regions were identified that ranged from 1 to 30 bp in length. Nine overlaps were found, which ranged 1 to 7 bp in length. Phylogenetic analyses based on 12 concatenated protein-coding genes revealed that P. pelagicus formed a monophyletic group with Portunus trituberculatus, which were in a larger group with Callinectes sapidus, while the genera Charybdis and Thalamita formed another group. These two groups clustered together and grouped with the genus Scylla. The phylogenetic analysis supported the inclusion of Charybdis in subfamily Portuninae of the family Portunidae, and revealed a close relationship between Charybdis and Thalamita. We suggest that Thalamita should also be classified into the subfamily Portuninae. The results can be used in the study of phylogenetic, population genetic and conservation genetics of P. pelagicus.