RESUMO
Malawi women are in the ironic juxtaposition of being socially disempowered while, at the same time, thought to hold the key to shaping an effective community response to the HIV crisis. Based on this juxtaposition, a descriptive, qualitative study was conducted in Malawi and the United States where 26 participants from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) discussed the roles of Malawi women. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed. We identified an improvement in women's economic status as the strongest factor in reducing gender inequities. Through providing stipends for rural Malawi women, one NGO created unintended changes in gender roles.
Assuntos
Identidade de Gênero , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Organizações sem Fins Lucrativos/organização & administração , Poder Psicológico , Instituições Filantrópicas de Saúde/organização & administração , Adulto , Idoso , Antropologia Cultural , Pesquisa Participativa Baseada na Comunidade , Características Culturais , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/etnologia , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Malaui , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Meio Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Gravação em Fita , Estados UnidosRESUMO
: Research shows that phenotype matching can improve the outcomes of people who receive repeated transfusions. In addition, the demographics of the United States are shifting, and more ethnically and racially diverse donors are needed. These factors have health implications and require ongoing efforts to ensure a safe and adequate U.S. blood supply. Nurses can help to develop and implement strategies to increase the number and diversity of blood donors, ensuring donations better match the needs of transfusion recipients daily and in the event of a public health emergency.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue/provisão & distribuição , Transfusão de Sangue/enfermagem , Etnicidade , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados UnidosRESUMO
American nurses are recognized for service and leadership.
Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Liderança , Enfermeiros Administradores/tendências , Serviços de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Cruz Vermelha/organização & administração , Adulto , Distinções e Prêmios , Feminino , Promoção da Saúde/tendências , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Serviços de Enfermagem/tendências , Cruz Vermelha/história , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Trust is valuable social capital that is essential for effective partnerships to improve a community's health. Yet, how to establish trust in culturally diverse communities is elusive for many researchers, practitioners, and agencies. The purpose of this qualitative study was to obtain perspectives of individuals working for a nongovernmental organization (NGO) about gaining community trust in Malawi in order to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS. Twenty-six interviews were conducted over 12 months. Content analysis revealed the relationship between NGO staff and the community is crucial to gaining community trust. Gender, social context, and religious factors influence the establishment of trust within the relationship, but NGO assumptions about the community can erode community trust. Nurses and other health professionals working with the NGOs can help create conditions to build trust in an ethically and culturally sensitive manner whereby communities can develop processes to address their own health concerns.