RESUMO
Background: Orthodontics of the 21st century requires aesthetic, painless, predictable, and quick treatments. This demand for faster results generated orthodontic movement acceleration protocols (OMAPs); among other OMAPs we present low-level laser (LLL) as a candidate. Objective: To evaluate levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-10, and type 1 collagen in the periodontal ligament of first molars of rats subjected to orthodontic traction with and without LLL irradiation, compared with untreated controls (CO), and to evaluate whether the dose of LLL used in this work is eligible as an OMAP. Materials and methods: A total of 35 male Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: group 1 NI (nonirradiated) n = 15, group 2 IR (laser irradiated using 5 J, 177 J/cm2, and 100 mW applied in contact to the vestibular mesial, vestibular distal, and palatal faces of gum tissue around molar region for 50 sec each point, for 3 consecutive days, immediately 24 and 48 h after orthodontic device placement.) n = 15, and group 3 CO n = 5; groups 1 and 2 were subjected to orthodontic force and each group was divided into three subgroups that were sacrificed after 3, 5, and 7 days, IL-1/10 and COL-1 levels were analyzed. Results: In the IR group, levels of IL-1/10 and COL-1 showed peak anticipation after LLL irradiation compared with those in the NI and CO groups. Conclusions: These results can also infer that this dose of LLL can be used as an OMAP.
Assuntos
Terapia a Laser/métodos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Técnicas de Movimentação Dentária , Animais , Colágeno Tipo I/análise , Interleucinas/análise , Masculino , Dente Molar/química , Ligamento Periodontal/química , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is a successful method for weight loss in cases of morbid obesity; however, as an invasive procedure, surgical complications may occur. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been increasingly used due to its effectiveness in controlling the inflammatory response, accelerating tissue repair, and reducing pain. The objective of this study was to investigate photobiomodulation effects after bariatric surgery and determine the laser actions during the inflammatory process, wound healing (clinical observation), and analgesia. METHODS: This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial in which 85 patients underwent Roux en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) by conventional techniques (i.e., open surgery). Patients were divided into two groups and were irradiated with LLLT at 10 different points through the surgical scar in three sessions of applications: the laser group (laser-on) consisted of 43 patients who received the CW diode laser (MMOptics), while the placebo group (laser-off) consisted of 42 patients who were treated by the same protocol but with a disabled laser. Temperature was measured by a digital thermometer in both groups, and pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale for pain. Biochemical analysis and digital images were used to document and evaluate the inflammatory response as well as tissue repair process at the surgical wound site. RESULTS: Patients in the laser group demonstrated diminished wound temperature as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) compared with the placebo group, indicating better inflammatory process control as well as improved wound healing and reduced pain. CONCLUSIONS: LLLT applied with the described protocol led to a decrease by biochemical markers and wound temperature compared with the placebo, which indicated that LLLT was able to control the inflammatory process; in addition, seroma and pain were reduced and cicatrization was improved by this preventive procedure.
Assuntos
Derivação Gástrica/métodos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Ferida Cirúrgica/radioterapia , Cicatrização/efeitos da radiação , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Cicatriz/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Lasers Semicondutores , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Mórbida/diagnóstico , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Valores de Referência , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
O uso da espectroscopia Raman no infravermelho pode vir a constituir uma nova técnica para avaliação física, permitindo medidas da concentração de ácido láctico em sangue e em músculo esquelético, por um método não invasivo. A espectroscopia Raman é uma técnica que oferece grande riqueza de detalhes provida pela vibração de moléculas em diferentes níveis de energia. Em estudos prévios, foram obtidos espectros Raman de ácido láctico em plasma humano e em sangue de rato, onde os picos característicos foram observados claramente na matriz biológica. No presente estudo a espectroscopia Raman foi usada para a identificação de ácido láctico em músculo tibial de rato. Foi usado um laser de Ti:safira sintonizado em 830nm, um espectrômetro Kaiser f/l.8 e um detector de CCD refrigerado. O espectro Raman do ácido láctico apresenta oito picos bem distintos, entre 700 e 1.500cm-1, correspondendo aos diferentes modos de vibração da molécula do ácido láctico. O pico principal em 830cm-1 foi usado para caracterizar a presença do ácido láctico no músculo tibial de rato. Foram analisados espectros Raman de músculos tibiais in vivo e in vitro. Além disso, também foi monitorada a difusão do ácido láctico através do músculo, in vitro. Pode-se concluir, a partir dos resultados obtidos, que a espectroscopia Raman no infravermelho próximo apresenta grande potencial para, no futuro, com o aperfeiçoamento da técnica, ser utilizada em avaliações físicas com o intuito de permitir medições das concentrações de ácido láctico no músculo esquelético, através de metodologia não invasiva.