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The medicinal plant Bredemeyera floribunda Willd. is used to treat cardiovascular disease, chronic fatigue, low libido, as well as increased diuresis. However, studies considering the toxicity of this plant are scarce. Develop an aqueous extract of B. floribunda considering traditional use and determine the average lethality (LD50), signs, and symptoms of toxicity. The B. floribunda extract was obtained by immersing the root bark in ultrapure water for 18 hours at 4°C, under constant stirring. The test extract was administered in a single dose of 2.000 mg/kg by gavage to rats. Signs and symptoms of toxicity were determined according to the Hippocratic screening test and compared with the control group. In addition, a necropsy was performed for macroscopic evaluation of the organs in the abdominal cavity. A powder was obtained from aqueous extracts that showed the same organoleptic characteristics and emulsification capacity as those presented by the fresh root when prepared according to popular tradition. The LD50 was greater than the test dose with three animals surviving. On the other hand, necropsy of dead rats showed necrosis and reduction in lung mass, in addition to the presence of foam and excessive distension of the stomach and intestines. The main symptoms of toxicity were anesthesia, ataxia, sedation, loss of muscle strength, and excessive drowsiness in the first 24 hours. There was no difference between the control and extract groups with regard to body mass, food, and water intake, as well as in macroscopy of the heart, liver, lungs, intestines, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys. The aqueous extract of the B. floribunda was considered nontoxic or of very low toxicity. However, it is capable of altering the activity of the central nervous system and causing disorders in the respiratory and digestive systems.
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Casca de Planta , Extratos Vegetais , Raízes de Plantas , Animais , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/química , Ratos , Casca de Planta/química , Masculino , Raízes de Plantas/química , Dose Letal Mediana , Feminino , Testes de Toxicidade Aguda , Ratos Wistar , Modelos AnimaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: Childhood dental trauma poses a prevalent concern, and the limited knowledge of lay caregivers toward the needed immediate actions can adversely affect a child's well-being. This study aimed to create and validate an educational comic book for lay individuals, designed to guide immediate actions in dental trauma cases, and assess its effects toward enhancing reader knowledge. METHODOLOGY: The four-stage study involved: (1) Literature review and script development; (2) Version 1 of the comic book creation (including illustrations, layout, and design) and Flesch Readability Index (FI) calculation; (3) Version 1 validation by expert judges, assessed by the Content Validity Index (CVI); (4) Version 1 refinement based on the judges' feedback, recalculation of FI, and a pilot test (CVI) involving lay individuals who validated the final material (Version 2). The validation process involved 67 participants, including 13 specialist judges and 54 elementary school teachers. RESULTS: The CVI for Version 1 was calculated at 0.89 (89%), indicating a favorable level of agreement on the evaluated criteria. The FI was determined as 91.1%, indicating a high level of readability. The FI for Version 2 was 92.1% (indicating a very easy level of comprehension). The CVI calculated for the target audience after the pilot test was 0.99 (99%), denoting a substantial agreement among the participants. In assessing the level of knowledge, a significant increase was observed in the rate of correct answers after the comic book was read by lay individuals (p < 0.05), inasmuch as the percentage rose from 50.5% before to 81.2% after reading it. CONCLUSION: The educational comic book proved valid in terms of readability, appearance, and content. Furthermore, it had a positive impact on gaining the knowledge needed to take the appropriate actions, thus making it a valuable tool for guiding the lay population in cases of dental trauma.
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Inquéritos e Questionários , Criança , Humanos , Gibis como AssuntoRESUMO
In addition to its health benefits, exercise training has been noted as a modulator of the gut microbiota. However, the effects of resistance training (RT) on gut microbiota composition remain unknown. Wistar rats underwent 12â weeks of RT. Body mass, glucose tolerance, visceral body fat, triglyceride concentration and food consumption were evaluated. The gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Rats that underwent RT showed lower body mass (P=0.0005), lower fat content (P=0.02) and better glucose kinetics (P=0.047) when compared with the control. Improvements in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota were identified in the RT group. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas, Serratia and Comamonas decreased significantly after 12â weeks of RT (P<0.001). These results suggest that RT has the potential to enhance the diversity of the gut microbiota and improve its biological functions.
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Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Treinamento Resistido , Animais , Glucose , Humanos , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Methodology is described for the synthesis of C6 derivatives of raloxifene, a prescribed drug for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Studies have explored the incorporation of electron-withdrawing substituents at C6 of the benzothiophene core. Efficient processes are also examined to introduce hydrogen bond donor and acceptor functionality. Raloxifene derivatives are evaluated with in vitro testing to determine estrogen receptor (ER) binding affinity and gene expression in MC3T3 cells.
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Full-thickness cutaneous trauma, due to the lack of dermis, leads to difficulty in epithelialization by keratinocytes, developing a fibrotic scar, with less elasticity than the original skin, which may have disorders in predisposed individuals, resulting in hypertrophic scar and keloids. Biomedical materials have excellent characteristics, such as good biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, which can temporarily replace traditional materials used as primary dressings. In this work, we developed two dermal matrices based on Nile tilapia collagen, with (M_GAG) and without (M) glycosaminoglycans, using a sugarcane polymer membrane as a matrix support. To assess the molecular mechanisms driving wound healing, we performed qualitative proteomic analysis on the wound bed in an in vivo study involving immunocompetent murine models at 14 and 21 days post-full-thickness skin injury. Gene Ontology and Pathway analysis revealed that both skins were markedly represented by modulation of the immune system, emphasizing controlling the acute inflammation response at 14 and 21 days post-injury. Furthermore, both groups showed significant enrichment of pathways related to RNA and protein metabolism, suggesting an increase in protein synthesis required for tissue repair and proper wound closure. Other pathways, such as keratinization and vitamin D3 metabolism, were also enriched in the groups treated with M matrix. Finally, both matrices improved wound healing in a full post-thick skin lesion. However, our preliminary molecular data reveals that the collagen-mediated healing matrix lacking glycosaminoglycan (M) exhibited a phenotype more favorable to tissue repair, making it more suitable for use before skin grafts.
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Ciclídeos , Proteômica , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cicatrização , ColágenoRESUMO
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that causes health concerns worldwide. Patients with diabetes exhibit multisystemic symptoms, including loss of bone quality over time. The progressive deterioration of bone promotes failure to withstand damage and increases the risk of fractures. Much of the molecular and metabolic mechanism(s) in diabetic bone remains unclear. In vitro studies suggest that hyperglycemia inhibits mineralization, affecting bone formation and function. In this study, inhibition of osteoblast differentiation was induced using hyperglycemia to assess whether high glucose promotes mitochondrial impairment along with altered bone matrix formation. It was hypothesized that bone energy metabolism would be altered in these cells as calcium deposition, a key phase for bone function, is suppressed. Early passages of osteoblast like MC3T3-E1 cells were differentiated under normal and high glucose conditions. To investigate osteoblast differentiation, we quantified calcium accumulation by alizarin red staining and analyzed immunoblots of key proteins. To assess mitochondrial function, we quantified mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), detected expression and function of key proteins from the Tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle, measured mitochondrial respiration, and fuel oxidation of alternative nutrients. Results confirmed previous work showing that mineralization was inhibited and AKT expression was reduced in high glucose-treated bone cells. Unexpectedly, high glucose-treated osteoblast cells utilize both mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis to maintain energy demands with partial help of fatty acid for reliance of baseline bioenergetics. These metabolic shifts suggest that hyperglycemia maintain bone metabolic needs in an early differentiated state concurrent to the inhibition in bone matrix formation.
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Hiperglicemia , Osteogênese , Cálcio/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Glucose/metabolismo , Glucose/farmacologia , Humanos , Hiperglicemia/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/metabolismoRESUMO
Though biallelic variants in SLC13A5 are known to cause severe encephalopathy, the mechanism of this disease is poorly understood. SLC13A5 protein deficiency reduces citrate transport into the cell. Downstream abnormalities in fatty acid synthesis and energy generation have been described, though biochemical signs of these perturbations are inconsistent across SLC13A5 deficiency patients. To investigate SLC13A5-related disorders, we performed untargeted metabolic analyses on the liver, brain, and serum from a Slc13a5-deficient mouse model. Metabolomic data were analyzed using the connect-the-dots (CTD) methodology and were compared to plasma and CSF metabolomics from SLC13A5-deficient patients. Mice homozygous for the Slc13a5tm1b/tm1b null allele had perturbations in fatty acids, bile acids, and energy metabolites in all tissues examined. Further analyses demonstrated that for several of these molecules, the ratio of their relative tissue concentrations differed widely in the knockout mouse, suggesting that deficiency of Slc13a5 impacts the biosynthesis and flux of metabolites between tissues. Similar findings were observed in patient biofluids, indicating altered transport and/or flux of molecules involved in energy, fatty acid, nucleotide, and bile acid metabolism. Deficiency of SLC13A5 likely causes a broader state of metabolic dysregulation than previously recognized, particularly regarding lipid synthesis, storage, and metabolism, supporting SLC13A5 deficiency as a lipid disorder.
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In discussing open science, one forgets that its key concept is collaboration, which may be either accelerated or hampered by digital technologies. Collaboration in personal interactions is hard; how much harder, then, is it to collaborate across temporal, geographical, or cultural barriers? Open science can be seen as a worldwide case study on peopleware-a major source of costs, but a huge asset.
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On 16 July 2020, the Court of Justice of the European Union issued their decision in the Schrems II case concerning Facebook's transfers of personal data from the EU to the US. The decision may have significant effects on the legitimate transfer of personal data for health research purposes from the EU. This article aims: (i) to outline the consequences of the Schrems II decision for the sharing of personal data for health research between the EU and third countries, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; and, (ii) to consider certain options available to address the consequences of the decision and to facilitate international data exchange for health research moving forward.
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COVID-19/epidemiologia , Disseminação de Informação/legislação & jurisprudência , Pandemias , Privacidade/legislação & jurisprudência , SARS-CoV-2/fisiologia , Mídias Sociais/legislação & jurisprudência , COVID-19/virologia , União Europeia , Humanos , Pesquisa/legislação & jurisprudência , Estados UnidosRESUMO
High-protein diets (HPDs) are widely accepted as a way to stimulate muscle protein synthesis when combined with resistance training (RT). However, the effects of HPDs on adipose tissue plasticity and local inflammation are yet to be determined. This study investigated the impact of HPDs on glucose control, adipocyte size, and epididymal adipose inflammatory biomarkers in resistance-trained rats. Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normal-protein (NPD; 17% protein total dietary intake) and HPD (26.1% protein) without RT and NPD and HPD with RT. Trained groups received RT for 12 weeks with weights secured to their tails. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests, adipocyte size, and an array of cytokines were determined. While HPD without RT induced glucose intolerance, enlarged adipocytes, and increased TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL1-ß levels in epididymal adipose tissue (p < 0.05), RT diminished these deleterious effects, with the HPD + RT group displaying improved blood glucose control without inflammatory cytokine increases in epididymal adipose tissue (p < 0.05). Furthermore, RT increased glutathione expression independent of diet (p < 0.05). RT may offer protection against adipocyte hypertrophy, pro-inflammatory states, and glucose intolerance during HPDs. The results highlight the potential protective effects of RT to mitigate the maladaptive effects of HPDs.
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Glicemia/metabolismo , Dieta Rica em Proteínas , Inflamação/sangue , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/patologia , Treinamento Resistido , Adipócitos/patologia , Animais , Tamanho Celular , Dieta , Epididimo/patologia , Glutationa/metabolismo , Resistência à Insulina , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , Ratos Wistar , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
High-protein diets (HPDs) are widely used for health and performance. However, the combination of whey protein and natural foods (i.e., fruits) is still unclear. Thus, we evaluated the role of supplemental HPD with Bocaiuva (Acrocomia sp.) in metabolic and body composition parameters of rats submitted to resistance training (RT). Wistar rats (203.3 ± 30 g) were randomly allocated to five groups: normoproteic control (CON, n = 5), sedentary high-protein (SH, n = 5), RT + H (trained high-protein [TH], n = 5), sedentary+Bocaiuva (SH+B, n = 4), and RT+Bocaiuva (TH+B, n = 4) diet groups. After 12 weeks of RT, the maximal strength increased in both trained groups (P < .05). The TH + B group had lower values of adiposity index (AI) (3.8 ± 0.7% vs. 6.8 ± 1.3%) and visceral fat (0.038 ± 0.004 g/g vs. 0.067 ± 0.012 g/g) compared with the SH group, respectively (P < .05). The other groups did not show differences in values of AI (CON, 5.4 ± 1.6%, TH, 5.4 ± 1.3%, and SH+B, 5.5 ± 1.2%). In addition, the fasting glucose of trained groups (TH, 106.0 ± 4.5, and TH+B, 100.4 ± 13.5 dL/mg) was significantly lower when compared with controls (SH, 120.0 ± 14.4, and SH+B, 119 ± 6.4 dL/mg) (P < .05). Bocaiuva combined with an HPD reduced visceral fat and AI in addition to improving glucose tolerance of rats submitted to RT.
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Arecaceae/química , Glicemia/metabolismo , Proteínas Alimentares/metabolismo , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Adiposidade , Animais , Dieta Rica em Proteínas , Proteínas Alimentares/análise , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/metabolismo , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Treinamento ResistidoRESUMO
The systemic challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic require cross-disciplinary collaboration in a global and timely fashion. Such collaboration needs open research practices and the sharing of research outputs, such as data and code, thereby facilitating research and research reproducibility and timely collaboration beyond borders. The Research Data Alliance COVID-19 Working Group recently published a set of recommendations and guidelines on data sharing and related best practices for COVID-19 research. These guidelines include recommendations for clinicians, researchers, policy- and decision-makers, funders, publishers, public health experts, disaster preparedness and response experts, infrastructure providers from the perspective of different domains (Clinical Medicine, Omics, Epidemiology, Social Sciences, Community Participation, Indigenous Peoples, Research Software, Legal and Ethical Considerations), and other potential users. These guidelines include recommendations for researchers, policymakers, funders, publishers and infrastructure providers from the perspective of different domains (Clinical Medicine, Omics, Epidemiology, Social Sciences, Community Participation, Indigenous Peoples, Research Software, Legal and Ethical Considerations). Several overarching themes have emerged from this document such as the need to balance the creation of data adherent to FAIR principles (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable), with the need for quick data release; the use of trustworthy research data repositories; the use of well-annotated data with meaningful metadata; and practices of documenting methods and software. The resulting document marks an unprecedented cross-disciplinary, cross-sectoral, and cross-jurisdictional effort authored by over 160 experts from around the globe. This letter summarises key points of the Recommendations and Guidelines, highlights the relevant findings, shines a spotlight on the process, and suggests how these developments can be leveraged by the wider scientific community.
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Bioinformatics activities are growing all over the world, with proliferation of data and tools. This brings new challenges: how to understand and organize these resources and how to provide interoperability among tools to achieve a given goal. We defined and implemented a framework to help meet some of these challenges. Four issues were considered: the use of Web services as a basic unit, the notion of a Semantic Web to improve interoperability at the syntactic and semantic levels, and the use of scientific workflows to coordinate services to be executed, including their interdependencies and service orchestration.
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Biologia Computacional/métodos , Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação/métodos , Internet , Interface Usuário-Computador , Algoritmos , SemânticaRESUMO
Objetivo é identificar o conhecimento e práticas dos profissionais que atuam na sala de imunização na Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Metodologia Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, com três Enfermeiros e doze técnicos de quatro unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família, localizadas na zona oeste do RJ. Resultado, observou-se que as áreas físicas das salas de imunização atendem aos critérios do Manual de Rede de Frios e do Programa Nacional de Imunização, e que as atribuições diárias da sala de imunização são feitas somente pelos técnicos de enfermagem e os Enfermeiros são os Responsáveis Técnicos mas nenhum com disponibilidade integral para a função, desenvolvendo também atividades de supervisão e consultas de Enfermagem, pode-se observar dúvidas dos profissionais a respeito do tempo de funcionamento da câmara se ficar sem eletricidade, e na maioria os entrevistados das quatro unidades relataram que apesar de escalados na sala de imunização, podem assumir outros setores de acordo com a demanda. Conclusão podemos observar que os profissionais da sala de imunização possuem conhecimento sobre as atividades realizadas, contudo na prática algumas das atribuições dos profissionais não são realizadas de forma satisfatória e de acordo com que é exigido nos protocolos e manuais do Ministério da Saúde, e observamos o quanto é fundamental que todos os profissionais realizem treinamento em serviço, principalmente na sala de imunização onde mudanças ocorrem constantemente.(AU)
Aimed at identifying the knowledge and practices of the professionals who work in the immunization ward in the Family Health Strategy. Methodology This is a qualitative and exploratory research, with three nurses and twelve technicians from four units of Family Health Strategy, located in the western zone of RJ. As a result, it was observed that the physical areas of the immunization rooms meet the criteria of the Cold Net Manual and the National Immunization Program, and that the daily assignments of the immunization room are made only by the nursing technicians and the Nurses are the Technical officers but none with full availability for the function, also developing supervision activities and nursing consultations, one can observe doubts of the professionals regarding the operating time of the chamber if it runs out of electricity, and in the majority the interviewees of the four units reported which although scaled in the immunization room, can take on other sectors according to demand. Conclusion we can observe that the professionals of the immunization room have knowledge about the activities performed, however in practice some of the professionals' attributions are not performed satisfactorily and according to what is required in the protocols and manuals of the Ministry of Health, it was observed how essential it is that all professionals carry out in-service training, especially in the immunization ward where changes occur constantly.(AU)
Objetivo identificar el conocimiento y las prácticas de los profesionales que actúan en la sala de inmunización en la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. Metodología Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y exploratoria, con tres enfermeros y doce técnicos de cuatro unidades de Estrategia de Salud de la Familia, ubicadas en la zona oeste del RJ. Se observó que las áreas físicas de las salas de inmunización atienden a los criterios del Manual de Red de Fríos y del Programa Nacional de Inmunización, y que las asignaciones diarias de la sala de inmunización son hechas solamente por los técnicos de enfermería y los enfermeros son los siguientes: Los responsables técnicos, pero ninguno con disponibilidad integral para la función, desarrollando también actividades de supervisión y consultas de enfermería, se pueden observar dudas de los profesionales acerca del tiempo de funcionamiento de la cámara si se queda sin electricidad, y en la mayoría los entrevistados de las cuatro unidades relataron que a pesar de escalados en la sala de inmunización, pueden asumir otros sectores de acuerdo con la demanda. Conclusión podemos observar que los profesionales de la sala de inmunización tienen conocimiento sobre las actividades realizadas, pero en la práctica algunas de las atribuciones de los profesionales no se realizan de forma satisfactoria y de acuerdo con que es exigido en los protocolos y manuales del Ministerio de Salud, se observó lo que es fundamental que todos los profesionales realicen entrenamiento en servicio, principalmente en la sala de inmunización donde los cambios ocurren constantemente.(AU)
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Humanos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Imunização , Vacinação/enfermagem , Enfermagem em Saúde Comunitária , Programas de ImunizaçãoRESUMO
O surgimento dos Cuidados Paliativos foi como uma filosofia de cuidados integrais, a pacientes em estado terminal com alívio da dor e do sofrimento. Estes cuidados oferecem a ação de uma equipe interdisciplinar, e cada profissional reconhece o limite da sua atenção que contribuirá para que o paciente, em estado de finitude, tenha uma boa morte. Objetivo: Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo compreender os significados do cuidar na visão dos enfermeiros e dos respectivos familiares, em cuidados paliativos, trazendo a possibilidade de revelar suas implicações no cotidiano do trabalho, além de perceber todo o processo da morte. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de pesquisa descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico. Resultados e Discussão: Desta forma, observa-se que para alcançar resultados que levam ao entendimento da morte digna, é primordial que o enfermeiro empregue uma linguagem simples e explicativa, destacando a importância de uma assistência especializada ao paciente terminal. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa visa ampliar o conhecimento do significado das práticas dos cuidados paliativos tendo o Enfermeiro como ponte para melhor entendimento desse processo, e fornecer subsídios a futuros estudos que tratarão da temática
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Objetivo: validar afirmativas de Resultados de Enfermagem da CIPE® , no contexto da assistência de enfermagem às mulheres no período pós-parto. Método: estudo metodológico, com 12 enfermeiros experts em Enfermagem Obstétrica, docentes e assistenciais da Universidade Federal da Paraíba e Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley. Resultados: foram validadas 30 (85,71%) afirmativas de Resultados de Enfermagem da CIPE® para a assistência de enfermagem às pacientes durante o período pós-parto. Conclusão: o estudo mostrou que as afirmativas validadas refletem as necessidades das pacientes no período pós-parto e poderão orientar a assistência de enfermagem com qualidade.(AU)
Objective: to validate the ICNP® Nursing Results, in the context of nursing care for women in the postpartum period. Method: methodological study, with 12 nurses Obstetrics experts, professors and assistants of the Federal University of Paraíba and Lauro Wanderley University Hospital. Results: there were 30 (85.71%) statements of ICNP® Nursing Results validated for nursing care for patients during the postpartum period. Conclusion: the study showed that the validated statements reflect the needs of patients in the postpartum period, and can guide the nursing care quality.(AU)
Objetivo: validar afirmativas de Resultados de Enfermería de CIPE® , en el contexto de la asistencia de enfermería a las mujeres en el período post-parto. Método: estudio metodológico, con 12 enfermeros experts en Enfermería Obstétrica, docentes y asistenciales de la Universidad Federal de Paraíba y del Hospital Universitario Lauro Wanderley. Resultados: fueron validadas 30 (85,71%) afirmativas de Resultados de Enfermería de CIPE® para la asistencia de enfermería a las pacientes durante el período post-parto. Conclusión: el estudio mostro que las afirmativas validadas reflejan las necesidades de las pacientes en el período post-parto, y poderán orientar la asistencia de enfermería con calidad.(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Enfermagem Obstétrica , Período Pós-Parto , Processo de Enfermagem , Docentes de Enfermagem , Enfermeiros ObstétricosRESUMO
A validaçaÌo de nomenclatura possibilita uma contribuiçaÌo no cuidado prestado pela Enfermagem, estimulando e direcionando mudanças necessaÌrias para a melhoria da qualidade da atençaÌo aÌ sauÌde da mulher. O estudo objetivou validar afirmativas de DiagnoÌsticos de Enfermagem da CIPE® para a assisteÌncia de enfermagem aÌs mulheres no periÌodo poÌs-parto. Trata-se de um estudo metodoloÌgico, composto por treÌs etapas: seleçaÌo das afirmativas, anaÌlise semaÌntica e caÌlculo do IÌndice de ConcordaÌncia. A amostra foi composta por 12 experts em Enfermagem ObsteÌtrica e utilizou-se um instrumento contendo itens de interesse da investigaçaÌo. Foram validados 30 (88,23%) DiagnoÌsticos de Enfermagem da CIPE®, sendo apenas quatro naÌo validados. O estudo evidenciou a necessidade de se investigar e atualizar os termos da CIPE® permanentemente. AleÌm disso, a proposta e tendeÌncia de utilizaçaÌo de prontuaÌrios eletroÌnicos nas instituiçoÌes de sauÌde apontam para a necessidade de validar, uniformizar e legitimar DiagnoÌsticos de Enfermagem para a praÌtica cliÌnica.
The nomenclature validation contributes in the care provided by Nursing, stimulating and directing necessary changes for the quality improvement of attention to woman's health. The study aimed to validate affirmatives of ICNP® Nursing Diagnoses for nursing assistance to women during postpartum. This is a methodologic study composed by three steps: affirmative selection, semantical analysis and Index of Agreement calculation. The sample was composed by 12 experts in Obstetric Nursing and used an instrument with items of interest for this study. Thirty (88,23%) ICNP® Nursing Diagnoses were assessed, and only four were not validated. The study found the need to investigate and update ICNP® terms permanently. Besides, the proposal and tendency of using electronic records in health institutions points to the need to validate, standardize, and legitimize Nursing Diagnoses for clinical practice.
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Diagnóstico de Enfermagem/classificação , Enfermagem Obstétrica/classificação , Estudo de ValidaçãoRESUMO
Introdução: As Universidades passam por mudanças que buscam uma formação critico-reflexiva, devido à pressão exercida por diversos setores da sociedade. Compreende-se a necessidade de práticas pedagógicas sustentáveis que possibilitem o desenvolvimento de competências que estão sendo demandadas no processo de formação. Logo, para nortear o processo ensino aprendizagem por competência como orientado pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN), é fundamental que este seja assumido por toda Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES). Objetivo: Investigar a compreensão sobre as competências gerais estabelecidas pelas DCN que se encontram presentes no processo de formação profissional através das falas dos alunos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa que utilizou a entrevista com situação problema para coleta de dados. Os sujeitos participantes do estudo são concluintes voluntários do curso de Odontologia/UFRN. As falas dos participantes foram gravadas e transcritas, gerando um Corpus que foi processado e analisado mediante o auxílio do software ALCESTE. Resultados: O corpus foi dividido em 131 Unidades de Contexto Elementares (UCE), distribuído e agrupado em cinco classes lexicais, que compõem o conteúdo essencial presente nas entrevistas analisadas denominadas de: Problemas de Saúde que aparecem na ESF, Dificuldades de comunicação, Lacunas da formação profissional, Espaços formativos articulados e Determinantes sociais em saúde. Conclusões: É lícito concluir que durante a formação, há dificuldades na articulação da academia com os serviços de saúde, além da escassez de componentes curriculares com práticas pedagógicas e conteúdos integrados à realidade social. Apesar dos avanços, com a inclusão das clínicas multidisciplinares e a inserção de vivências formativas conectadas ao mundo do trabalho, induzidas pelas políticas oficiais de educação superior recentes, os estudantes apresentam limitações para mobilizar conhecimentos, interpretar informações essenciais e atuar em equipe multiprofissional no enfrentamento dos problemas de saúde (AU).
Introducion: At present, the Universities search to promote a critical-reflexive education because to pressure from different society's sectors. It is understood the necessity of sustainable pedagogical practices that enable the development of competences that are associated to training process. As soon, to guide the teaching and learning process by competency as recommended by National Curriculum Guidelines (NCG), it is essential that the Universities assume this role. Objective: Investigate the comprehension about general competencies established by NGC that are present in the training process through speech of students. Methods: It is a descriptive study with qualitative approach which used an interview based in a problem situation for data collection. The subjects were graduating volunteers of Department of Dentistry of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The speech of participants was recorded and transcribed which was analyzed with the ALCESTE software. Results: The corpus were divided in 131 Elementary Context Units (ECU), distributed and clustered in five lexical classes that composes the essential content present in interviews analyzed and denominated of Health problems that appear in Public Health System, communication difficulties, shortcomings of training process, articulated forming spaces and social determinants of health. Conclusions: It is conclude that during training process, there are difficulties in articulation of Academy with health services, beyond of shortage curriculum components with pedagogical practices and disciplines connected to social reality. Despite advances with the inclusion multidisciplinary clinics and insertion formative experiences linked to working world induced by recent higher education politics, the undergraduates present limitations to mobilize knowledge, interpret essential information and work in multi-professional team in face of health problems (AU).
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Brasil , Educação Baseada em Competências , Currículo/normas , Universidades , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto/métodos , Estudantes de OdontologiaRESUMO
Objective: This paper aims to identify, during the educational process, the development of the ability to work in multidisciplinary team, during regular or electives disciplines, in the view of students. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used the procedure collects a semi-structured questionnaire directed to graduates of the School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The data were evaluated based on descriptive statistics. Results: The results indicate that interactions with the community in real-world scenarios, in the construction of everyday experiences and significant help in the reflective learning process. Conclusion: These practices are found in the Health and Citizenship discipline (SACI). It is an activity performed since 2000.2 and integrates actions of teaching, research and extension, based on dialogue between traditional and systematized knowledge, equally important in the relationship between education, health and citizenship.
Objetivo: Identificar durante o processo de formação as disciplinas regulares ou optativas que possibilitam o desenvolvimento da habilidade para o trabalho em equipe multiprofissional, na visão dos alunos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, que utilizou como procedimento de coleta um questionário semiestruturado direcionado aos concluintes do Curso de Odontologia de uma Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram avaliados baseados na análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os resultados apontam que as interações com a comunidade em cenários reais, na construção de cotidianos e vivências significativas, auxiliam no processo de aprendizagem reflexiva. Conclusão: Estas práticas são constatadas na Disciplina Saúde e Cidadania, uma atividade realizada desde o ano 2000/ 2º semestre e integra ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, com bases fundamentadas no diálogo entre os saberes sistematizado e tradicional, igualmente importantes na relação entre educação, saúde e cidadania.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Benign esophageal strictures are complications that result from different causes. They are usually similarly approached, most of the cases needing endoscopic dilation. However the response to therapy, optimal timing for treatment and interval between sessions can vary. AIM: The authors evaluate 14 years of experience with benign stricture of the esophagus from the endoscopic point of view in the 'Clementino Fraga Filho' University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. They evaluated etiology, length of stricture, number of dilations needed to reach satisfactory therapeutic response, and the relation between length of stricture and therapeutic response. METHODS: We analyzed 2,568 endoscopic dilations using Savary-Gilliard dilators in 236 patients. The follow up period was 14 years and 10 months, until June of 2007. RESULTS: Peptic strictures were the more frequent, followed by caustic strictures. Long strictures and caustic strictures needed more sessions to abolish dysphagia. Peptic strictures and short ones had better response to a smaller number of sessions. CONCLUSION: In this study, peptic strictures were the commonest etiology and responded best to endoscopic therapy, in accordance with published literature. Caustic strictures were the most refractory, mainly the long segments. The longer the extension of stenosis, the greater was the number dilation sessions needed for relief. Short strictures had a good prognosis in the great majority of cases. The number of dilations depended directly on the etiology and the extension of the stricture.