[Endoscopic treatment for gastric carcinoid tumor in a patient with type A gastritis complicated with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome: a case report].

A 42-year-old female developed type 1 diabetes mellitus at the age of 16 years and received insulin therapy. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an atrophic change localized in the gastric body and a small, protruding gastric lesion. Biopsy revealed that this lesion was gastric neuroendocrine tumor. Hence, the patient underwent en bloc resection by endoscopic submucosal resection with a ligation device. As the patient presented both autoimmune gastritis and type 1 diabetes mellitus, she was diagnosed with type 4 autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome. We report this case considering that only few cases of gastric neuroendocrine tumor with autoimmune gastritis (type A gastritis) complicated with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome have been reported till date.

Renal impairment during the treatment of telaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

AIM: Renal damage has been reported as an important complication during combination treatment of peginterferon (PEG IFN), ribavirin (RBV) and telaprevir (TVR) for chronic hepatitis C. However, very little is known about this complication. We investigated the role TVR plays in renal damage during this triple therapy. METHODS: Twenty-five chronic hepatitis C patients with genotype 1 and high viral load received TVR in combination with PEG IFN and RBV for 12 weeks followed by treatment with PEG IFN and RBV. Renal function of these patients was prospectively evaluated for 16 weeks. RESULTS: Creatinine clearance decreased significantly during PEG IFN/RBV/TVR treatment. Consequently, serum creatinine and cystatin C significantly rose during PEG IFN/RBV/TVR treatment. Serum creatinine returned to pretreatment levels after the termination of TVR. The increase of serum creatinine and cystatin C from baseline significantly correlated with serum TVR level at day 7, which was determined by starting dose of TVR per bodyweight . When the patients were classified according to the starting dose of TVR per bodyweight, renal impairment was observed only in the high-dose (TVR ≥33 mg/kg per day) group, not in the low-dose (TVR <33 mg/kg per day) group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that TVR dose per bodyweight is important for the occurrence of renal impairment in PEG IFN/RBV/TVR treatment.

Postoperative bleeding after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and aspiration in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy.

This study aimed to investigate the bleeding risk associated with percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder interventions in patients with acute cholecystitis receiving antithrombotic therapy. In this retrospective study, 194 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder interventions for acute cholecystitis between April 2011 and April 2021 were enrolled. Patients were sorted into four groups: no prior antithrombotic therapy, discontinued antithrombotic drugs, single antithrombotic drug continued perioperatively, and multiple antithrombotic drugs continued perioperatively. The risk of postoperative bleeding after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder interventions was evaluated via multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 116 (59.8%) patients receiving antithrombotic therapy, 32 (16.5%) discontinued antithrombotic drugs before their respective procedure, 50 (25.8%) continued a single antithrombotic drug, and 34 (17.5%) continued multiple antithrombotic drugs during the perioperative period. The rates of significant and severe bleeding were 10.3% (20/194) and 3.1% (6/194), respectively. The rate of significant bleeding was significantly higher in patients who continued multiple antithrombotic drugs than in patients who received no prior antithrombotic therapy (P = 0.006). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the continuation of multiple antithrombotic drugs during the perioperative period was a risk factor for significant bleeding after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder interventions. In conclusion, the perioperative continuation of multiple antithrombotic drugs is a risk factor for postoperative bleeding after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder interventions.