RESUMO
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) heterogeneity promotes recurrence and anti-CD20-based therapeutic resistance. Previous studies have shown that downregulation of MS4A1/CD20 expression after chemoimmunotherapy with rituximab leads to rituximab resistance. However, the mechanisms of CD20 loss remain unknown. We identified that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is markedly elevated in DLBCL cells derived from both patients and cell lines with R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) resistance. We found that overexpression of PDK4 in DLBCL cells resulted in cell proliferation and resistance to rituximab in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, loss of PDK4 expression or treatment with the PDK4 inhibitor dichloroacetate was able to significantly increase rituximab-induced cell apoptosis in DLBCL cells. Further studies suggested PDK4 mediates a metabolic shift, in that the main energy source was changed from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, and the metabolic changes could play an important role in rituximab resistance. Importantly, by knocking down or overexpressing PDK4 in DLBCL cells, we showed that PDK4 has a negative regulation effect on MS4A1/CD20 expression. Collectively, this is the first study showing that targeting PDK4 has the potential to overcome rituximab resistance in DLBCL.
Assuntos
Antígenos CD20/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Reprogramação Celular/genética , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/metabolismo , Piruvato Desidrogenase Quinase de Transferência de Acetil/metabolismo , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/genética , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/genética , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/genética , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Piruvato Desidrogenase Quinase de Transferência de Acetil/genética , Transfecção , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Carga Tumoral/genética , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prickle planar cell polarity protein 1 (PRICKLE1), a core component of the non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, was recently reported to be upregulated and correlated with poor prognosis in solid cancers. However, the effect of PRICKLE1 on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unknown. This study aims to characterize the prognostic significance of PRICKLE1 expression in patients with AML. METHODS: RNA-seq was performed to compare mRNA expression profiles of AML patients and healthy controls. qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to analyze the expression of PRICKLE1 in AML patients and cell lines, and two independent datasets (TCGA-LAML and TARGET-AML) online were used to validate the expression results. The correlations between the expression of PRICKLE1 and clinical features were further analyzed. RESULTS: Our data showed that PRICKLE1 expression levels were markedly high in AML patients at the time of diagnosis, decreased after complete remission and increased again at relapse. Of note, PRICKLE1 was highly expressed in drug resistant AML cells and monocytic-AML patients. High PRICKLE1 expression was found in FLT3/DNMT3A/IDH1/IDH2-mutant AML and associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, high expression of PRICKLE1 may be correlated with migration and invasion components upregulation in AML patients. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that high PRICKLE1 expression may be a poor prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of AML.
Assuntos
Regulação Leucêmica da Expressão Gênica , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Humanos , Proteínas com Domínio LIM/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Mutação , Prognóstico , Indução de Remissão , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor , Via de Sinalização WntRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant disease of lymphoid tissue. At present, chemotherapy is still the main method for the treatment of NHL. R-CHOP can significantly improve the survival rate of patients. Unfortunately, DOX is the main cytotoxic drug in R-CHOP and it can lead to adverse reactions. Therefore, it is particularly important to uncover new treatment options for NHL. RESULTS: In this study, a novel anti-tumor nanoparticle complex Nm@MSNs-DOX/SM was designed and constructed in this study. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with Doxorubicin (DOX) and anti-inflammatory drugs Shanzhiside methylester (SM) were used as the core of nanoparticles. Neutrophil membrane (Nm) can be coated with multiple nanonuclei as a shell. DOX combined with SM can enhance the anti-tumor effect, and induce apoptosis of lymphoma cells and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors related to tumorigenesis depending on the regulation of Bcl-2 family-mediated mitochondrial pathways, such as TNF-α and IL-1ß. Consequently, the tumor microenvironment (TME) was reshaped, and the anti-tumor effect of DOX was amplified. Besides, Nm has good biocompatibility and can enhance the EPR effect of Nm@MSNs-DOX/SM and increase the effect of active targeting tumors. CONCLUSIONS: This suggests that the Nm-modified drug delivery system Nm@MSNs-DOX/SM is a promising targeted chemotherapy and anti-inflammatory therapy nanocomplex, and may be employed as a specific and efficient anti-Lymphoma therapy.
Assuntos
Biomimética/métodos , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Linfoma/tratamento farmacológico , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Portadores de Fármacos/farmacologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Nanopartículas/química , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Tamanho da Partícula , Dióxido de Silício/farmacologia , Microambiente Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Predicting the likelihood vascular events in patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is essential for the treatment of the disease. However, effective assessment methods are lacking. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-α2- plasmininhibitor complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) are the new direct indicators for coagulation and fibrinolysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of these four new indicators in thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in BCR/ABL1-negative MPN. The study cohort of 74 patients with BCR/ABL negative myeloproliferative disorders included essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). A panel of 4 biomarkers, including TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC were determined using Sysmex HISCL5000 automated analyzers, whereas fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), D-dimer and Antithrombin III (ATIII) were analyzed using Sysmex CS5100 coagulation analyzer. A total of 24 (32.4%) patients experienced thrombotic events and hemorrhagic events occurred in 8 patients (10.8%). Compared to patients without hemorrhagic-thrombotic events, patients with thrombotic events had higher fibrinogen (FIB) level, FDP level and lower ATIII activity, while patients with hemorrhagic events had lower white blood cell count and hemoglobin level, higher FDP level (P < 0.05). Patients with a JAK2V617F mutation were more likely to experience thrombotic events (P < 0.05). In addtion, patients with thrombotic events had higher TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC levels than patients without hemorrhagic-thrombotic events (P < 0.05), whereas patients with hemorrhagic events had a lower median value in TAT and TM (no statistical difference, P > 0.05). Patients with higher TAT, TM and t-PAIC were more likely to experience thrombotic events (P < 0.05), and only TAT was positively correlated with thrombotic events (Spearman r =0.287, P = 0.019). TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC combined with ATIII and FDP have a certain value for predicting thrombosis in patients with BCR/ABL1-negative MPN. These 6 parameters are worth further exploration as predictive factors and prognostic markers for early thrombotic events.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/sangue , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/complicações , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/genética , Transtornos Mieloproliferativos/diagnóstico , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/genética , Trombomodulina/sangue , Fibrinolisina/metabolismo , Fibrinolisina/análise , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Antitrombina III/genética , Trombose , Hemorragia , Relevância Clínica , alfa 2-Antiplasmina , Peptídeo HidrolasesRESUMO
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable malignant tumor of plasma cells. Increasing evidence has reported that hypoxia and immune status contribute to the progression of MM. In this research, the prognostic value of the hypoxia-immune-related gene SLC19A1 in MM was evaluated by bioinformatics analysis. Method: RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data along with clinical information on MM were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Consistent clustering analysis and ESTIMATE algorithms were performed to establish the MM sample subgroups related to hypoxia and immune status, respectively, based on the GSE24080 dataset. The differentially expressed analysis was performed to identify the hypoxia-immune-related genes. Subsequently, a hypoxia-immune-gene risk signature for MM patients was constructed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, which was also verified in the GSE4581 dataset. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of SLC19A1 was determined using qRT-PCR in 19 MM patients, and the correlations between the genetic expression of SLC19A1 and clinical features were further analyzed. Result: A total of 47 genes were identified as hypoxia-immune-related genes for MM. Among these genes, SLC19A1 was screened to construct a risk score model that had better predictive power for MM. The constructed prognostic signature based on SLC19A1 was verified in the GSE4581 dataset. All independent prognostic factors (age, ß2-microglobulin, LDH, albumin, MRI, and gene risk score) were used to develop a nomogram that showed a better performance for predicting the survival probability of MM patients for 1-5 years. Furthermore, SLC19A1 was highly expressed in newly diagnosed and relapsed MM patients, and high expression of SLC19A1 is correlated with higher bone marrow aspiration plasma cells and ß2-microglobulin levels in MM patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results suggest that SLC19A1 is aberrantly expressed in MM and highly expressed SLC19A1 might be a biomarker correlated with inferior prognosis. More importantly, we identified SLC19A1 as a hypoxia-immune-related gene in MM. Future functional and mechanistic studies will further clarify the roles of SLC19A1 in MM.