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1.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 21(8): 1422-5, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26196891

RESUMO

We determined the presence of neutralizing antibodies to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in persons in Qatar with and without dromedary contact. Antibodies were only detected in those with contact, suggesting dromedary exposure as a risk factor for infection. Findings also showed evidence for substantial underestimation of the infection in populations at risk in Qatar.


Assuntos
Camelus/virologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio/patogenicidade , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Camelus/imunologia , Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Catar/epidemiologia , Risco
3.
Viruses ; 14(12)2022 11 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36560665

RESUMO

Rabies virus (RABV) has a broad host range and infects multiple cell types throughout the infection cycle. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and minor variant analysis are powerful tools for studying virus populations within specific hosts and tissues, leading to novel insights into the mechanisms of host-switching and key factors for infecting specific cell types. In this study we investigated RABV populations and minor variants in both original (non-passaged) samples and in vitro-passaged isolates of various CNS regions (hippocampus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord) of a fatal human rabies case, and of multiple CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. No differences in virus populations were detected between the human CNS regions, and only one non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in the fifth in vitro passage of virus isolated from the spinal cord. However, the appearance of this SNP shows the importance of sequencing newly passaged virus stocks before further use. Similarly, we did not detect apparent differences in virus populations isolated from different CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. Sequencing of viruses obtained from pharyngeal swab and salivary gland proved difficult, and we propose methods for improving sampling.


Assuntos
Vírus da Raiva , Raiva , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Sistema Nervoso Central , Medula Espinal
4.
5.
Infect Ecol Epidemiol ; 5: 28305, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26183160

RESUMO

Two of the earliest Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) cases were men who had visited the Doha central animal market and adjoining slaughterhouse in Qatar. We show that a high proportion of camels presenting for slaughter in Qatar show evidence for nasal MERS-CoV shedding (62/105). Sequence analysis showed the circulation of at least five different virus strains at these premises, suggesting that this location is a driver of MERS-CoV circulation and a high-risk area for human exposure. No correlation between RNA loads and levels of neutralizing antibodies was observed, suggesting limited immune protection and potential for reinfection despite previous exposure.

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