[A Case of Rectal Cancer with Hemorrhagic Shock with Bleeding Controlled via Stent Placement That Underwent Radical Resection after Preoperative CRT].

Colorectal stents are used mainly for the palliative treatment of colorectal obstruction or preoperative re-obstruction. However, the hemostatic effect of covered stents reportedly induced bleeding of esophageal cancer and varicosities. Here, we report a case of mildly obstructed rectal cancer with severe anemia and hemorrhagic shock that resulted in pulsatile tumor bleeding. Curative surgical resection was performed successfully after the administration of chemoradiotherapy. The patient was a 67-year-old man. A nearby doctor diagnosed him with anemia(Hb 4.6 g/dL)and referred him to our hospital, where he was diagnosed with rectal cancer at the Ra position. He was immediately hospitalized owing to voluminous melena, loss of consciousness, and hematoma formation on the posterior aspect of the head. Urgent CF was performed due to persistent melena and decreased blood pressure. The pulsatile bleeding from rectal cancer was identified. To address the diffuse bleeding, a covered stent was placed to induce hemostasis and dilation. This also served as a bridge to surgery( BTS). Hemostasis was successfully achieved. After chemoradiotherapy( CRT), a laparoscopic low anterior resection was performed. Radical surgery was performed, and S-1 was taken 6 months postoperatively. At 2 years postoperatively, metastatic recurrence was not observed.

Gastric mucosal injury and hemorrhage after definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Definitive chemoradiotherapy is one of the treatment options for locally advanced esophageal cancer with curative intent. Esophagitis and pharyngitis are well-known adverse events that occur during chemoradiotherapy, but gastric mucosal injury has been less frequently reported compared to mucositis. Importantly, gastric mucosal injury is not well known, hard to manage, and sometimes fatal. Hence, we examined the clinical characteristics and the incidence of gastric mucosal injury after CRT for esophageal cancer. METHODS: The medical records of patients who received definitive chemoradiotherapy combined with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin for stage II/III (nonT4) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from January 2001 to December 2010 at our institute were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: We investigated 256 patients in whom, data for endoscopic abdomen examinations were both before and after CRT were available. Gastric mucosal damage was observed in 90 patients (35%) (grade 1/2/3 = 69/18/3). One of the possible risk factors identified in this study was the irradiation dose to abdomen. Compared to patients with cervical esophagus-upper thoracic esophagus tumor location, patients with middle thoracic esophagus-abdominal esophagus tumor location were more likely to develop gastric mucosal damage, although there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to consider gastric mucosal injury in patients who receive CRT, particularly when the irradiation field includes stomach.

Modified cranial approach to right-sided colon cancer in a patient with intestinal nonrotation: A case report.

Managing colon cancer with intestinal nonrotation, a type of congenital intestinal malrotation, is challenging due to the presence of anatomical abnormalities and severe adhesions. When patients have nonrotation, it is markedly more difficult to determine which vessels correspond to the colic vessels and ileal vessels until all vascular branching patterns become evident. The optimal approach for right-sided colon cancer with intestinal nonrotation has yet to be established. In the present case of ascending colon cancer with intestinal nonrotation, we performed laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with D3 dissection using a modified cranial approach. This approach involves tracing, without resecting, branches from the superior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric artery in a cranial-to-caudal manner until the ileocolic artery and ileocolic vein, which course toward the cecum, are identified, followed by the dissection of the colic vessels and lymph nodes in a caudal-to-cranial fashion.

Long-term outcome after resection for recurrent oesophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of surgical resection for lymph node (LN) or distant recurrence of oesophageal cancer has not been sufficiently investigated. The objective of this study was to reveal appropriate indications for a surgical approach. METHODS: A total of 42 patients who underwent resection for recurrent or residual oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma after surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) between April 2004 and August 2016 were identified. These resections did not include salvage oesophagectomy. The long-term outcomes of these patients were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients underwent LN resection, 6 patients underwent lung resection, and 3 patients underwent resection for other recurrent tumours. The 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients who underwent salvage abdominal lymphadenectomy after dCRT was significantly better than that of patients who underwent salvage cervical or mediastinal lymphadenectomy (46.9% vs. 0.0%, P=0.006). The 5-year OS of patients who underwent salvage resection for LNs outside the radiation field was significantly better than that of patients who underwent resection inside the radiation field (47.6% vs. 8.9%, P=0.027). The 5-year OS of patients who underwent salvage resection for recurrent LNs was significantly better than that of patients who underwent salvage resection for residual LNs (21.7% vs. 0.0%, P<0.001). Among the 42 patients, 9 survived more than 3 years: 4 after salvage abdominal lymphadenectomy, 3 after resection for solitary lung recurrence, and 2 others. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the appropriate surgical approach might improve the prognosis of patients with abdominal LN recurrence, LN recurrence outside the radiation field, or a solitary lung recurrence of oesophageal cancer.

Randomized Comparison of Subcuticular Sutures Versus Staples for Skin Closure After Open Abdominal Surgery: a Multicenter Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The incisional surgical site infection (SSI) is an extremely common complication following open abdominal surgery and imposes a considerable treatment and cost burden. METHOD: We conducted a multicenter open-label randomized controlled trial at three Tokyo Metropolitan medical institutions. We enrolled adult patients who underwent either an elective or an emergency open laparotomy. Eligible patients were allocated preoperatively to undergo wound closure with either subcuticular sutures or staples. A central Web-based randomization tool was used to assign participants randomly by a permuted block sequence with a 1:1 allocation ratio and a block size of 4 before mass closure to each group. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a superficial SSI within 30 days after surgery in accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. This trial was registered with UMIN-CTR as UMIN 000004836 ( http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr ). RESULTS: Between September 1, 2010 and August 31, 2015, 401 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either group. One hundred and ninety-nine patients were allocated to the subcuticular suture and 202 patients to the staple groups (hereafter the "suture" and "staple" group, respectively). Three hundred and ninety-nine were eligible for the primary endpoint. Superficial SSIs occurred in 25 of 198 suture patients and in 27 of 201 staple patients. Overall, the rate of superficial SSIs did not differ significantly between the suture and staple groups. CONCLUSION: Subcuticular sutures did not increase the occurrence of superficial SSIs following open laparotomies mainly consisting of clean-contaminated surgical procedures. The applicability of the wound closure material and method is likely to depend on individual circumstances of the patient and surgical procedure.