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1.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom ; 35(1): e8957, 2021 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32990347

RESUMO

RATIONALE: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is routinely employed to monitor the distribution of compounds in tissue sections and generate two-dimensional (2D) images. Whilst informative the images do not represent the distribution of the analyte of interest through the entire organ. The generation of 3D images is an exciting field that can provide a deeper view of the analyte of interest throughout an entire organ. METHODS: Serial sections of mouse and rat lung tissue were obtained at 120 µm depth intervals and imaged individually. Homogenate registration markers were incorporated in order to aid the final 3D image construction. Using freely available software packages, the images were stacked together to generate a 3D image that showed the distribution of endogenous species throughout the lungs. RESULTS: Preliminary tests were performed on 16 serial tissue sections of mouse lungs. A 3D model showing the distribution of phosphocholine at m/z 184.09 was constructed, which defined the external structure of the lungs and trachea. Later, a second experiment was performed using 24 serial tissue sections of the left lung of a rat. Two molecular markers, identified as [PC (32:1) + K]+ at m/z 770.51 and [PC (36:4) + K]+ at m/z 820.52, were used to generate 3D models of the parenchyma and airways, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A straightforward method to generate 3D MALDI-MS images of selected molecules in lung tissue has been presented. Using freely available imaging software, the 3D distributions of molecules related to different anatomical features were determined.


Assuntos
Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Pulmão , Imagem Molecular/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/métodos , Animais , Pulmão/química , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Camundongos , Ratos
2.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther ; 369(3): 443-453, 2019 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30940692

RESUMO

This study describes the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmaco-dynamic (PD) profile of N-(5-(4-(5-(((2R,6S)-2,6-dimethylmorpholino)methyl)oxazol-2-yl)-1H-indazol-6-yl)-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methanesulfonamide (GSK2292767A), a novel low-solubility inhaled phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ) inhibitor developed as an alternative to 2-(6-(1H-indol-4-yl)-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-((4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)oxazole (nemiralisib), which is a highly soluble inhaled inhibitor of PI3Kδ with a lung profile consistent with once-daily dosing. GSK2292767A has a similar in vitro cellular profile to nemiralisib and reduces eosinophilia in a murine PD model by 63% (n = 5, P < 0.05). To explore whether a low-soluble compound results in effective PI3Kδ inhibition in humans, a first time in human study was conducted with GSK2292767A in healthy volunteers who smoke. GSK2292767A was generally well tolerated, with headache being the most common reported adverse event. PD changes in induced sputum were measured in combination with drug concentrations in plasma from single (0.05-2 mg, n = 37), and 14-day repeat (2 mg, n = 12) doses of GSK2292767A. Trough bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for PK was taken after 14 days of repeat dosing. GSK2292767A displayed a linear increase in plasma exposure with dose, with marginal accumulation after 14 days. Induced sputum showed a 27% (90% confidence interval 15%, 37%) reduction in phosphatidylinositol-trisphosphate (the product of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation) 3 hours after a single dose. Reduction was not maintained 24 hours after single or repeat dosing. BAL analysis confirmed the presence of GSK2292767A in lung at 24 hours, consistent with the preclinical lung retention profile. Despite good lung retention, target engagement was only present at 3 hours. This exposure-response disconnect is an important observation for future inhaled drug design strategies considering low solubility to drive lung retention.


Assuntos
Indazóis/farmacologia , Indazóis/farmacocinética , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/farmacologia , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/farmacocinética , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Sulfonamidas/farmacocinética , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica , Administração por Inalação , Adulto , Animais , Lavagem Broncoalveolar , Eosinofilia/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Indazóis/administração & dosagem , Indazóis/efeitos adversos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Permeabilidade , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/administração & dosagem , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase/efeitos adversos , Segurança , Solubilidade , Escarro/efeitos dos fármacos , Escarro/metabolismo , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Sulfonamidas/efeitos adversos
3.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 407(8): 2085-94, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25366974

RESUMO

Hydrazine-based derivatization reagents have been used to detect the presence of the carbonyl containing glucocorticoid fluticasone proprionate in rat lung tissue by MALDI-MSI. Such reagents also act as a matrix for analysis by MALDI-MS and have been termed "reactive matrices". Cryosections of rat lung tissue (12 µm), spotted with a range of concentrations of fluticasone proprionate, were derivatized in situ with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and 4-dimethylamino-6-(4-methoxy-1-naphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2-hydrazine (DMNTH) by the use of an acoustic reagent spotter. It has been demonstrated that DMNTH gave superior results compared to DNPH and that analysis of samples immediately after application of DMNTH resulted in the detection of the protonated hydrazone derivative ([MD + H](+)) of fluticasone propionate at a concentration of 500 ng/µL. It has been further shown that a prolonged reaction time (~48 h) improves the detection limit of the protonated hydrazone derivative to 50 ng/µL and that improvements in sensitivity and limits of detection are obtained when a conventional MALDI matrix CHCA is employed in conjunction with the DNPH/DMNTH reactive matrix.


Assuntos
Fluticasona/análise , Glucocorticoides/análise , Hidrazinas/química , Pulmão/química , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/métodos , Animais , Ratos
4.
Nat Commun ; 11(1): 4659, 2020 09 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32938936

RESUMO

The αvß6 integrin plays a key role in the activation of transforming growth factor-ß (TGFß), a pro-fibrotic mediator that is pivotal to the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We identified a selective small molecule αvß6 RGD-mimetic, GSK3008348, and profiled it in a range of disease relevant pre-clinical systems. To understand the relationship between target engagement and inhibition of fibrosis, we measured pharmacodynamic and disease-related end points. Here, we report, GSK3008348 binds to αvß6 with high affinity in human IPF lung and reduces downstream pro-fibrotic TGFß signaling to normal levels. In human lung epithelial cells, GSK3008348 induces rapid internalization and lysosomal degradation of the αvß6 integrin. In the murine bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model, GSK3008348 engages αvß6, induces prolonged inhibition of TGFß signaling and reduces lung collagen deposition and serum C3M, a marker of IPF disease progression. These studies highlight the potential of inhaled GSK3008348 as an anti-fibrotic therapy.


Assuntos
Butiratos/farmacologia , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/tratamento farmacológico , Integrinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Naftiridinas/farmacologia , Pirazóis/farmacologia , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Administração por Inalação , Animais , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Bleomicina/toxicidade , Butiratos/administração & dosagem , Butiratos/metabolismo , Butiratos/farmacocinética , Colágeno/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/induzido quimicamente , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/patologia , Integrinas/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Naftiridinas/administração & dosagem , Naftiridinas/metabolismo , Naftiridinas/farmacocinética , Pirazóis/administração & dosagem , Pirazóis/metabolismo , Pirazóis/farmacocinética , Pirrolidinas/administração & dosagem , Pirrolidinas/metabolismo , Pirrolidinas/farmacocinética , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/química , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/farmacologia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica
5.
J Med Chem ; 61(18): 8417-8443, 2018 09 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30215258

RESUMO

A series of 3-aryl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acids were synthesized using a diastereoselective route, via a rhodium catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids in the presence of ( R)-BINAP to a crotonate ester to provide the ( S) absolute configuration for the major product. A variety of aryl substituents including morpholine, pyrazole, triazole, imidazole, and cyclic ether were screened in cell adhesion assays for affinity against αvß1, αvß3, αvß5, αvß6, and αvß8 integrins. Numerous analogs with high affinity and selectivity for the αvß6 integrin were identified. The analog ( S)-3-(3-(3,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-(( R)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid hydrochloride salt was found to have very high affinity for αvß6 integrin in a radioligand binding assay (p Ki = 11), a long dissociation half-life (7 h), very high solubility in saline at pH 7 (>71 mg/mL), and pharmacokinetic properties commensurate with inhaled dosing by nebulization. It was selected for further clinical investigation as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.


Assuntos
Descoberta de Drogas , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/tratamento farmacológico , Integrinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pirazóis/química , Animais , Antígenos de Neoplasias , Adesão Celular , Cães , Humanos , Pulmão/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Conformação Proteica , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Distribuição Tecidual
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