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1.
Pharmazie ; 74(9): 570-574, 2019 09 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31484600

RESUMO

Among the mechanisms responsible for cognitive dysfunction in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are albuminuria and oxidative stress. However, there may be other causes not yet identified. In fact, the full relevance of CKD patient drug use and its relationship to dementia has hardly been barely investigated. We identified drugs affecting cognitive function in CKD patients by analyzing the spontaneous reporting system in Japan using Association rule mining (ARM) and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN). The signal detection criterion used were as follows: case ≥ 3, lift > 1, conviction > 1 (ARM) and IC025 >0 (BCPNN). Drugs with more than 20 cases were valaciclovir (lift: 11.21, conviction: 1.28, IC025: 3.12), amantadine (lift: 19.69, conviction: 1.68, IC025: 3.05), nalfurafine (lift: 8.35, conviction: 1.19, IC025: 2.18), pregabalin (lift: 6.05, conviction: 1.12, IC025: 1.78), and acyclovir (lift: 5.89, conviction: 1.12, IC025: 1.68). This study is the first report to use a large-scale medical database to identify drugs related to oral drugs-induced dementia in CKD.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Demência/induzido quimicamente , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Teorema de Bayes , Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Mineração de Dados , Bases de Dados Factuais/estatística & dados numéricos , Demência/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Redes Neurais de Computação , Adulto Jovem
2.
Lupus ; 27(2): 273-282, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28683654

RESUMO

Background Pulsed cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil for lupus nephritis has limited efficacy. We previously reported a case of mixed-class IV + V lupus nephritis successfully treated with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of multitarget therapy with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus for the treatment of lupus nephritis. Methods In a prospective, single-arm, open label pilot study, we recruited 15 patients aged 18-64 years with active lupus nephritis who met the American College of Rheumatology criteria for a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (1997). The treatment protocol was a starting dose of prednisolone of 0.6-1.0 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks and then tapered to a maintenance dose, intravenous cyclophosphamide (500 mg biweekly for 3 months) and tacrolimus (3.0 mg/day). Tacrolimus was continued as maintenance therapy. Complete remission was defined as a spot urine protein/creatinine ratio of < 0.5 g/gCr with no active urine casts and a serum creatinine level that was either normal or within 30% of a previously abnormal baseline level. We retrospectively compared results for the study patients with those of 18 historical controls conventionally treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone. Results At baseline, the mean patient age was 41.5 ± 14.6 years (male:female ratio 2:13), urine protein/creatinine ratio 3.9 ± 2.3 g/gCr and serum creatinine 84.6 ± 34.6 µmol/L. Lupus nephritis classifications included classes IV ( n = 8), III + V ( n = 1), IV + V ( n = 5) and unclassified ( n = 1). Eleven patients completed the treatment protocol and four withdrew. At 6 months, 12 of 15 (80.0%) had achieved complete remission using intention-to-treat analysis, significantly more than historical controls (seven of 18 patients, 38.9%). A transient increase in serum creatinine and gastric symptoms occurred in three cases. One patient withdrew due to cytomegalovirus antigenemia and severe diabetes, and one patient died of thrombotic microangiopathy. Conclusions Multitarget therapy with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus can be a therapeutic option for lupus nephritis. Clinical trials registration Combination therapy of tacrolimus and intravenous cyclophosphamide for remission induction of lupus nephritis, UMIN: 000004893, URL: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr.cgi?function=brows&action=brows&type=summary&recptno=R000005830&language=E . Date of registration: 18 January 2011.


Assuntos
Ciclofosfamida/farmacologia , Nefrite Lúpica/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Micofenólico/farmacologia , Tacrolimo/farmacologia , Administração Intravenosa , Adulto , Creatinina/sangue , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imunossupressores/farmacologia , Japão/epidemiologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ácido Micofenólico/administração & dosagem , Projetos Piloto , Prednisolona/administração & dosagem , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Indução de Remissão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tacrolimo/administração & dosagem , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Eur J Neurol ; 17(3): 383-90, 2010 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19832902

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recent studies have shown that kidney dysfunction is associated with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Although creatinine-based estimating equations have been used as the standard measure for the evaluation of kidney function, the accuracy of these is limited in the elderly because of muscle mass decrease with aging. Cystatin C is a more useful measurement than creatinine-based estimating equations for evaluating kidney function, however, the relationship amongst cystatin C, cognitive dysfunction, and cerebral SVD has not been fully examined in community-based elderly. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study using MRI to determine the relationship amongst cystatin C, cognitive function, and cerebral SVD in a total of 604 community-based Japanese elderly. RESULTS: In this study, subjects with higher cystatin C levels tended to have more lacunas and higher grades of white matter lesions. Although a decline of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores was associated with SVD-related lesions, the relationship between the tertiles of cystatin C and mean MMSE scores was not statistically significant. In the logistic regression analysis, the association between cystatin C and SVD-related lesions was statistically significant, even after adjustment for conventional risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Furthermore, subjects with higher cystatin C levels accompanied with albuminuria had a greater risk for the presence of subclinical cerebral SVD than those with lower cystatin C levels without albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that there is a close relationship between cystatin C and subclinical cerebral SVD, independently of conventional risk factors, in community-based elderly.


Assuntos
Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/metabolismo , Cistatina C/metabolismo , Idoso , Albuminúria/complicações , Albuminúria/metabolismo , Albuminúria/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/complicações , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/patologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/complicações , Transtornos Cognitivos/metabolismo , Transtornos Cognitivos/patologia , Estudos Transversais , Cistatina C/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Modelos Logísticos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
4.
BMJ Mil Health ; 166(E): e73-e74, 2020 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31256003

RESUMO

Historically, if US soldiers at Camp Fuji become severely ill or suffer trauma, they are transported by the ground ambulance, as the doctor-led air ambulance in eastern Shizuoka has never been permitted to land at Camp Fuji. However, it is widely recognised that severely ill or traumatised patients require time-dependent medical management. It was therefore agreed to undertake a joint exercise between the US medical assets of Camp Fuji and the doctor helicopters in eastern Shizuoka prefecture in evacuating a simulated severely ill or traumatised US soldier. The aim of this article is to describe the background and rationale between this collaboration between the civilian Japanese air ambulance and the US medical assets in Camp Fuji.


Assuntos
Resgate Aéreo/normas , Internacionalidade , Militares/estatística & dados numéricos , Transferência de Pacientes/métodos , Resgate Aéreo/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Cooperativo , Humanos , Japão , Transferência de Pacientes/estatística & dados numéricos , Ensino/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos
5.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 41(11): 2132-2138, 2020 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32972957

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Metal artifacts reduce the quality of CT images and increase the difficulty of interpretation. This study compared the ability of model-based iterative reconstruction and hybrid iterative reconstruction to improve CT image quality in patients with metallic dental artifacts when both techniques were combined with a metal artifact reduction algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective clinical study included 40 patients (men, 31; women, 9; mean age, 62.9 ± 12.3 years) with oral and oropharyngeal cancer who had metallic dental fillings or implants and underwent contrast-enhanced ultra-high-resolution CT of the neck. Axial CT images were reconstructed using hybrid iterative reconstruction and model-based iterative reconstruction, and the metal artifact reduction algorithm was applied to all images. Finally, hybrid iterative reconstruction + metal artifact reduction algorithms and model-based iterative reconstruction + metal artifact reduction algorithm data were obtained. In the quantitative analysis, SDs were measured in ROIs over the apex of the tongue (metal artifacts) and nuchal muscle (no metal artifacts) and were used to calculate the metal artifact indexes. In a qualitative analysis, 3 radiologists blinded to the patients' conditions assessed the image-quality scores of metal artifact reduction and structural depictions. RESULTS: Hybrid iterative reconstruction + metal artifact reduction algorithms and model-based iterative reconstruction + metal artifact reduction algorithms yielded significantly different metal artifact indexes of 82.2 and 73.6, respectively (95% CI, 2.6-14.7; P < .01). The latter algorithms resulted in significant reduction in metal artifacts and significantly improved structural depictions(P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Model-based iterative reconstruction + metal artifact reduction algorithms significantly reduced the artifacts and improved the image quality of structural depictions on neck CT images.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Artefatos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Metais , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Boca/diagnóstico por imagem , Próteses e Implantes , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
Science ; 152(3723): 767-9, 1966 May 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17797447

RESUMO

Partition coefficient monovalent trace ions between liquids and either solid NaNO(2) or KCl were determined. The isotropic elastic model of ionic crystals was used for calculating the energy change caused by the ionic substitutions. The observed values of partition coefficients in KCl good agreement with calculate values.

7.
Science ; 282(5395): 1874-7, 1998 Dec 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9874638

RESUMO

A calcium-aluminum-rich inclusion (CAI) from the Allende meteorite was analyzed and found to contain melilite crystals with extreme oxygen-isotope composition (approximately 5 percent oxygen-16 enrichment relative to terrestrial oxygen-16). Some of the melilite is also anomalously enriched in oxygen-16 compared with oxygen isotopes measured in other CAIs. The oxygen isotopic variation measured among the minerals (melilite, spinel, and fassaite) indicates that crystallization of the CAI started from oxygen-16-rich materials that were probably liquid droplets in the solar nebula, and oxygen isotope exchange with the surrounding oxygen-16-poor nebular gas progressed through the crystallization of the CAI. Additional oxygen isotope exchange also occurred during subsequent reheating events in the solar nebula.


Assuntos
Meteoroides , Isótopos de Oxigênio/análise , Oxigênio/análise , Sistema Solar , Cristalização
8.
Science ; 226(4680): 1344-5, 1984 Dec 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17832633

RESUMO

Three molecular forms of prothoracicotropic hormone were isolated from the head of the adult silkworm, Bombyx mori, and the amino acid sequence of 19 amino acid residues in the amino terminus of these prothoracicotropic hormones was determined. These residues exhibit significant homology with insulin and insulin-like growth factors.

9.
Science ; 247(4948): 1333-5, 1990 Mar 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2315701

RESUMO

Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), a brain secretory polypeptide of insects, stimulates the prothoracic glands to produce and release ecdysone, the steroid essential to insect development. The complementary DNAs encoding PTTH of the silkmoth Bombyx mori were cloned and characterized, and the complete amino acid sequence was deduced. The data indicated that PTTH is first synthesized as a 224-amino acid polypeptide precursor containing three proteolytic cleavage signals. The carboxyl-terminal component (109 amino acids) that follows the last cleavage signal represents one PTTH subunit. Two PTTH subunits are linked together by disulfide bonds, before or after cleavage from prepro-PTTH, to form a homodimeric PTTH. When introduced into Escherichia coli cells, the complementary DNA directed the expression of an active substance that was functionally indistinguishable from natural PTTH. In situ hybridization showed the localization of the prepro-PTTH mRNA to two dorsolateral neurosecretory cells of the Bombyx brain.


Assuntos
Bombyx/genética , Hormônios de Inseto/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Bombyx/fisiologia , Clonagem Molecular , DNA/genética , Expressão Gênica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Sistemas Neurossecretores/fisiologia , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Precursores de Proteínas/genética
10.
J Neonatal Perinatal Med ; 11(4): 387-392, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30149477

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We had reported on the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) in normal children from the premature/neonatal period to the adolescence period by using two-dimensional echocardiography, and formulated equations to evaluate normal LVDd values by using body height as an index. There was an inflection point at around birth that seemed relevant to the fetal and neonatal periods for the relation of LVDd and body height. METHODS: We aimed to reveal the true inflection point and its meaning by using change point regression analysis. The study group consisted of 421 neonates and infants. The ages at examination ranged from 24 weeks' gestation to 1 year after birth. The subjects' body heights at examination were between 31 and 75 cm. RESULTS: The analysis showed no definite inflection point in height, and a flat bottom was observed between body heights of 48 and 55 cm. The inflection range seemed to mean the duration of the neonatal period, which connects the fetal and infantile periods. CONCLUSION: The results revealed that neonates reach the infantile period slower than usually imagined, and the end of the neonatal period may be at the age when the body height is around 55 cm- in other words, at 2 months after birth. This manuscript might be the first one to consider the definition of the neonatal period using cardiovascular methods.


Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil/fisiologia , Ecocardiografia , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologia , Volume Cardíaco , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Ventrículos do Coração/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Valores de Referência , Análise de Regressão
11.
J Clin Invest ; 82(5): 1560-6, 1988 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3053784

RESUMO

To obtain free amino acids for protein synthesis, trophozoite stage malaria parasites feed on the cytoplasm of host erythrocytes and degrade hemoglobin within an acid food vacuole. The food vacuole appears to be analogous to the secondary lysosomes of mammalian cells. To determine the enzymatic mechanism of hemoglobin degradation, we incubated trophozoite-infected erythrocytes with peptide inhibitors of different classes of proteinases. Leupeptin and L-transepoxy-succinyl-leucyl-amido-(4-guanidino)-butane (E-64), two peptide inhibitors of cysteine proteinases, inhibited the proteolysis of globin and caused the accumulation of undegraded erythrocyte cytoplasm in parasite food vacuoles, suggesting that a food vacuole cysteine proteinase is necessary for hemoglobin degradation. Proteinase assays of trophozoites demonstrated cysteine proteinase activity with a pH optimum similar to that of the food vacuole and the substrate specificity of lysosomal cathepsin L. We also identified an Mr 28,000 proteinase that was trophozoite stage-specific and was inhibited by leupeptin and E-64. We conclude that the Mr 28,000 cysteine proteinase has a critical, perhaps rate-limiting, role in hemoglobin degradation within the food vacuole of Plasmodium falciparum. Specific inhibitors of this enzyme might provide new means of antimalarial chemotherapy.


Assuntos
Cisteína Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Malária/enzimologia , Plasmodium falciparum/enzimologia , Animais , Leucina/análogos & derivados , Leucina/farmacologia , Leupeptinas/farmacologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Peso Molecular , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia
12.
Eur J Neurol ; 14(4): 428-34, 2007 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17388993

RESUMO

The objective of the present study was to examine the association between a polymorphism of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene and lacunar infarcts of the brain. We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study on residents from two age groups (61- and 72-year olds). A total of 376 subjects participated in the study, which included brain magnetic resonance image and genetic analysis of the ALDH2 gene. Of the 61- and 72-year-old subjects, 46.4% and 64.3%, respectively, had one or more lacunar infarcts. The average number of infarcts also increased from 2.0 to 2.8 in men and from 2.3 to 3.5 in women. No significant association between the ALDH2 genotype and the presence of lacunar infarction (> or =1) was found. However, in subjects with lacunar infarction, the genotype of ALDH2 *1/*1 was associated with a larger number of the lesion ['single' versus 'multiple' odds ratio (OR) 3.73, 95%CI: 1.43-9.74] in men. The OR was comparable even after adjusting for alcohol consumption, tobacco habits, age, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR 3.88; 95% CI: 1.10-13.66). In women, there was no significant association between the ALDH2 genotypes and lacunar infarcts. The present study revealed that the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype was significantly associated with the prevalence of multiple lacunar infarcts in Japanese men.


Assuntos
Aldeído Desidrogenase/genética , Infarto Encefálico/genética , Idoso , Aldeído-Desidrogenase Mitocondrial , Encéfalo/patologia , Infarto Encefálico/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Japão/epidemiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
13.
Int J Oncol ; 29(6): 1533-9, 2006 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17088993

RESUMO

Tumor hypoxia has been reported to induce tumor progression in several carcinomas. Current studies have shown that hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and transactivates various genes related to cancer aggressiveness. In the present study, we examined whether hypoxia affects cancer invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to solve the molecular mechanism of tumor invasion under the hypoxic condition. We showed that tumor hypoxia accelerated cancer invasion in two hepatoma cell lines. Using Western blot and RT-PCR analyses we demonstrated striking evidence that the expression of HIF-1alpha, ETS-1, MMP-7 and MT1-MMP was strongly upregulated by hypoxic stimulation. To examine whether these invasion-related genes are regulated by HIF-1alpha, we treated hepatoma cells with TX-402, which was reported to repress HIF-1alpha expression. HIF-1alpha expression was strongly repressed by the TX-402 treatment. In contrast, the expression of ETS-1, MMP-7 and MT1-MMP mRNA was not affected by TX-402 treatment. We further established stable transfectants in which HIF-1alpha dominant negative vector was introduced into Hep3B cells (pHIF-1alphaDN). In the pHIF-1alphaDN cells, the expression of ETS-1, MMP-7 and MT1-MMP was not repressed. Moreover, the invasion activity of pHIF-1alphaDN was not altered, compared with that of the mock. In hepatoma cells, we provided evidence that hypoxic stress accelerates cancer invasion by upregulating ETS-1 and the MMP family by an HIF-1alpha-independent pathway.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/biossíntese , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/enzimologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Processos de Crescimento Celular/fisiologia , Hipóxia Celular/fisiologia , Movimento Celular/fisiologia , Óxidos N-Cíclicos/farmacologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Humanos , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/biossíntese , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/enzimologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/genética , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteína Proto-Oncogênica c-ets-1/genética , Quinoxalinas/farmacologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Transfecção , Regulação para Cima
14.
J Natl Cancer Inst ; 56(5): 1055-6, 1976 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1036504

RESUMO

3H-thymidine incorporation into mammary DNA as an index of mammary DNA synthesis in C3H/He virgin females was significantly higher at proestrus than at estrus and diestrus. The rise in incorporation at proestrus was completely blocked by the administration of 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (Bromocriptin) 1 day before proestrus. The incorporation was maintained at a higher level than that at proestrus by pituitary grafts. The results supported the view that mammary DNA synthesis, which is stimulated by prolactin, is an important factor for mammary tumorigenesis.


Assuntos
Bromocriptina/farmacologia , DNA/biossíntese , Ergolinas/farmacologia , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/etiologia , Adeno-Hipófise/fisiologia , Hipófise/fisiologia , Animais , Estro , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C3H , Adeno-Hipófise/transplante , Gravidez , Prolactina/fisiologia , Transplante Isogênico
15.
J Natl Cancer Inst ; 76(6): 1193-8, 1986 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3458955

RESUMO

The long-term effects on pancreas of ectopic pituitary grafting at various sites were studied in female SHN mice. Hyperprolactinemia induced by pituitary grafting resulted in an increase in the pancreatic weights, mainly due to hyperplastic proliferation of the pancreatic acinar glands. In addition, islet-cell hyperplasia and adenoma were found in the pituitary-grafted mice. Hyperplastic nodules resembling adenoma of the pancreatic acinar cells were also induced by pituitary grafting. The pancreata of mice with pituitary grafts frequently adhered to the uterus, ovary, and other organs; some of the pancreata further invaded these organs. Control mice bearing no pituitary grafts showed no pancreatic lesions. These results indicate the participation of prolactin in pancreatic tumorigenesis.


Assuntos
Pâncreas/patologia , Hipófise/transplante , Animais , Feminino , Hiperplasia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/etiologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Gravidez , Prolactina/sangue , Transplante Isogênico
16.
J Natl Cancer Inst ; 57(2): 425-30, 1976 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-187774

RESUMO

Two mouse strains (SHN and SLN) with high and low incidences, respectively, of mammary tumors were established from the same basal stock of Swiss albino mice that were unrelated in origin to other mouse strains with mammary tumors. In the breeders, mammary tumor incidence and average age of the mice when they developed mammary tumors were 97.2 % and 6.6 months for SHN, and 5.57% and 10.1 months for SLN, respectively...


Assuntos
Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Fatores Etários , Animais , Peso Corporal , Feminino , Lactação , Masculino , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/análise , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/etiologia , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/patologia , Vírus do Tumor Mamário do Camundongo , Camundongos , Paridade , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/patologia , Gravidez , Prolactina/sangue , Prolactina/farmacologia , Especificidade da Espécie
17.
Cancer Res ; 41(5): 1935-7, 1981 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7214361

RESUMO

The effects of temporal prolactin suppression during the limited periods of early age on spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis at advanced ages were examined in rats. Daily s.c. injections of 0.5 mg 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine mesylate, a potent suppressor of pituitary prolactin secretion, into virgin rats for 7 weeks beginning at 4 weeks of age resulted in almost complete prevention of mammary tumor appearance by 20 months of age. The incidence of tumors in this group (Group 1) was 3.3% (1 of 30), significantly smaller than that of the control [Group 2, 47.6% (10 of 21)]. Treatment given between 11 and 18 weeks of age inhibited mammary tumor incidence to a lesser extent [Group 3, 20% (6 of 30)], although tumor incidence was still significantly smaller than that in the corresponding control [Group 4, 41.2% (7 of 17)]. Serum prolactin level was decreased significantly by 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine mesylate; the levels on the evening of proestrus in the last week of injection were 18 +/- 3 (S.E.), 326 +/- 37, 15 +/- 2, and 460 +/- 55 ng/ml in Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Body weight change and pattern of estrous cycles were not affected by the treatment.


Assuntos
Bromocriptina/farmacologia , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/prevenção & controle , Prolactina/metabolismo , Fatores Etários , Animais , Feminino , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/patologia , Ratos
18.
Cancer Res ; 48(16): 4535-8, 1988 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3396006

RESUMO

We have examined the sensitivity to X-irradiation of ten apparently normal human fibroblast cell strains received as coded samples. Three different end points were examined: cytotoxicity; induction of chromosomal aberrations after irradiation in G2; and G1-phase block after irradiation and release from confluent growth. Three of these ten strains showed a moderate degree of hypersensitivity to X-rays by all three assays, falling within the range previously reported for ataxia telangiectasia heterozygotes. This variability in the "normal" response may render difficult the use of these techniques in the detection of gene carriers for such disorders in the general population. Furthermore, it indicates that care should be taken in the selection of reference control strains in studies of the sensitivity of cells from various genetic disorders to radiation.


Assuntos
Ciclo Celular/efeitos da radiação , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Tolerância a Radiação , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos da radiação , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Interfase/efeitos da radiação
19.
Cancer Res ; 52(22): 6394-6, 1992 Nov 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1423287

RESUMO

The induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) was examined in Chinese hamster ovary cells irradiated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle with alpha-particles from a plutonium-238 source. A significant increase in the frequency of SCE occurred with doses as low as 0.31 mGy (31 millirads). Although 30% of the cells showed an increased frequency of SCE at this dose, less than 1% of cell nuclei were actually traversed by an alpha-particle. A dose of approximately 2.0 Gy was necessary to produce a similar increase in SCE by X-rays. These results indicate that genetic damage may be induced by low doses of alpha-radiation in cell nuclei not actually traversed by an alpha-particle. This phenomenon may have important implications in the estimation of risks of such exposures.


Assuntos
Partículas alfa/efeitos adversos , Troca de Cromátide Irmã/efeitos da radiação , Animais , Células CHO/efeitos da radiação , Núcleo Celular/efeitos da radiação , Cricetinae , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Fase G1 , Plutônio/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo
20.
Cancer Res ; 38(7): 2160-2, 1978 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-657146

RESUMO

The effects of the cell wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra on mammary gland DNA synthesis, plasma prolactin levels, and spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in mice were studied. Female SHN mice received s.c. injections of 100 microgram N. rubra cell wall every 7 days between 2 and 12 months of age. The treatment resulted in the marked inhibition of mammary tumorigenesis; incidence was significantly lower in the experimental mice than in the controls except at 9 and 12 months of age. The age of onset of mammary tumors was significantly higher in the former than in the latter. In association with these findings, the treatment also reduced normal mammary gland DNA synthesis and prolactin levels in the circulation, both of which are primary factors for mammary tumorigenesis.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/administração & dosagem , DNA/biossíntese , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/prevenção & controle , Nocardia/imunologia , Prolactina/sangue , Fatores Etários , Animais , Parede Celular/imunologia , Feminino , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/etiologia , Camundongos
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