Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 88
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Base de dados
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Prog Urol ; 33(15-16): 1002-1007, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37777434

RESUMO

Contraceptive vasectomy is a male sterilization technique by interrupting the continuity of the vas deferens. The primary endpoint of our study was to evaluate patients' feelings of vasectomy under local anesthesia. We collected responses from 108 patients who had a vasectomy under local anesthesia at the Center Hospitalier Annecy Genevois between January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2022. The average age of patients at the time of the vasectomy was 40years old. Patients were satisfied with the level of information before vasectomy for 104 of them (96%). The level of pain felt during the intervention evaluated by Visual Analog Scale had an average of 3.4/10 (standard deviation 2.4). The degree of satisfaction during the procedure was excellent/good for 103 patients (95%). In the follow-up, we reported 10 patients (10%) with a complication (hematoma, infection or healing problem). The retrospective evaluation found 103 patients (95%) who would repeat the procedure under the same modalities and 106 patients (98%) who would recommend vasectomy under local anesthesia to a relative/friend. Vasectomy under local anesthesia is increasingly common, so it is important to assess the feelings of patients with this modality. Our study had the advantage of bringing together a large number of patients over a short period with several different operators. Overall satisfaction with the hospitalization process and the procedure was very satisfactory. The patient journey was significantly simplified with local anesthesia instead of general anesthesia. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.


Assuntos
Vasectomia , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Anestesia Local , Satisfação do Paciente , Estudos Retrospectivos , Esterilização Reprodutiva
2.
J Periodontal Res ; 50(5): 637-49, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25439677

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the proteome composition of gingival crevicular fluid obtained from healthy periodontium, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis affected sites. BACKGROUND: Owing to its site-specific nature, gingival crevicular fluid is ideal for studying biological processes that occur during periodontal health and disease progression. However, few studies have been conducted into the gingival crevicular fluid proteome due to the small volumes obtained. METHODS: Fifteen males were chosen for each of three different groups, healthy periodontium, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. They were categorized based on clinical measurements including probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index, radiographic bone level, modified gingival index and smoking status. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from each patient, pooled into healthy, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis groups and their proteome analyzed by gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-one proteins in total were identified, and two-thirds of these were identified in all three conditions. Forty-two proteins were considered to have changed in abundance. Of note, cystatin B and cystatin S decreased in abundance from health to gingivitis and further in chronic periodontitis. Complement proteins demonstrated an increase from health to gingivitis followed by a decrease in chronic periodontitis. Immunoglobulins, keratin proteins, fibronectin, lactotransferrin precursor, 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta, neutrophil defensin 3 and alpha-actinin exhibited fluctuations in levels. CONCLUSION: The gingival crevicular fluid proteome in each clinical condition was different and its analysis may assist us in understanding periodontal pathogenesis.


Assuntos
Líquido do Sulco Gengival , Periodontite Crônica , Gengivite , Humanos , Masculino , Índice Periodontal , Proteoma
3.
Int J Dent Hyg ; 13(4): 241-5, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25511014

RESUMO

AIM: This study aimed to determine the degree of discrepancy between clinical measurement of furcation involvement (FI) and cone beam computed tomography image analysis of multirooted teeth. METHODS: FI measurements obtained from clinical records were compared to CBCT images of the same teeth to determine the degree of discrepancy between CBCT FI grading and clinical FI grading. RESULTS: Of the hundred and fifty-four sites analysed, 22% of FI measurements from probing and CBCT were in agreement. Fifty-eight percent of clinical FI recordings were overestimated, and 20% were underestimated when compared to CBCT analysis. CONCLUSION: Clinical recording of FI is both over and underestimated compared to CBCT analysis. This was highest for probing recording grade I furcation involvement where it was highly overestimated. The occurrence of over and under estimation of FI will affect the assignment of prognosis to multirooted teeth, which can influence treatment planning for periodontal therapy and may result in inappropriate treatment.


Assuntos
Periodontite Crônica/diagnóstico , Defeitos da Furca/diagnóstico , Maxila/patologia , Dente Molar/patologia , Bolsa Periodontal/patologia , Raiz Dentária/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/análise , Periodontite Crônica/diagnóstico por imagem , Periodontite Crônica/metabolismo , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Feminino , Defeitos da Furca/diagnóstico por imagem , Defeitos da Furca/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/metabolismo , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Bolsa Periodontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Bolsa Periodontal/metabolismo , Estudos Retrospectivos , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/metabolismo , Adulto Jovem
4.
J Fr Ophtalmol ; 47(5): 104153, 2024 Mar 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38696861

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, visual prognosis, and course between ocular sarcoidosis with or without uveitis in a population in Southern France. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients with ocular sarcoidosis in a tertiary eye care center in Nice from January 2003 to December 2021. The inclusion criterion was biopsy-proven ocular sarcoidosis according to IWOS criteria as the first clinical manifestation of sarcoidosis. RESULTS: A total of 25 patients were included. Twenty patients had uveitis (70% panuveitis, 20% intermediate uveitis, and 10% anterior uveitis) and five patients had non-uveitic ocular sarcoidosis (one patient with dacryoadenitis, one patient with orbital granuloma, two patients with palpebral granuloma, and one patient with episcleritis). Only the cases with uveitis had bilateral involvement (85% of cases). There was no significant difference in ethnicity, biopsy diagnosis, systemic manifestations, or treatment between the two groups. Final visual outcomes remained good for both groups, with 96% of patients with BCVA>20/50, with no significant difference. Patients with non-uveitic sarcoidosis experienced less recurrence on treatment (P=0.042) and more remission (P=0.038) than patients with uveitis. Eighty percent of patients with uveitis had at least three suggestive clinical intraocular signs meeting IWOS criteria. CONCLUSION: In this population in Southern France, uveitis was the most common presentation of ocular sarcoidosis. The type of ocular sarcoidosis does not appear to be correlated with the type of systemic manifestations, use of systemic therapy, or visual prognosis, but patients with non-uveitic ocular sarcoidosis appear to have a better course with fewer recurrences on treatment and more remission than patients with uveitic ocular sarcoidosis.

5.
J Periodontal Res ; 48(3): 331-41, 2013 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23050757

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Gingival crevicular fluid has been suggested as a possible source of biomarkers for periodontal disease progression. This paper describes a technique for the analysis of gingival crevicular fluid from individual sites using mass spectrometry. It explores the novel use of mass spectrometry to examine the relationship between the relative amounts of proteins and peptides in gingival crevicular fluid and their relationship with clinical indices and periodontal attachment loss in periodontal maintenance patients. The aim of this paper was to assess whether the mass spectrometric analysis of gingival crevicular fluid may allow for the site-specific prediction of periodontal disease progression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-one periodontal maintenance subjects were followed over 12 mo, with clinical measurements taken at baseline and every 3 mo thereafter. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from subjects at each visit and was analysed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Samples were classified based upon pocket depth, modified gingival index (MGI), plaque index and attachment loss, and were analysed within these groups. A genetic algorithm was used to create a model based on pattern analysis to predict sites undergoing attachment loss. RESULTS: Three hundred and eighty-five gingival crevicular fluid samples were analysed. Twenty-five sites under observation in 14 patients exhibited attachment loss of > 2 mm over the 12-mo period. The clinical indices pocket depth, MGI, plaque levels and bleeding on probing served as poor discriminators of gingival crevicular fluid mass spectra. Models generated from the gingival crevicular fluid mass spectra could predict attachment loss at a site with a high specificity (97% recognition capability and 67% cross-validation). CONCLUSIONS: Gingival crevicular fluid mass spectra could be used to predict sites with attachment loss. The use of algorithm-generated models based on gingival crevicular fluid mass spectra may provide utility in the diagnosis of periodontal disease.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores/análise , Periodontite Crônica/metabolismo , Líquido do Sulco Gengival/química , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/metabolismo , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Adulto , Idoso , Algoritmos , Análise de Variância , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Periodontite Crônica/etiologia , Periodontite Crônica/patologia , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/etiologia , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/patologia , Índice Periodontal , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Proteínas/análise , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fumar/efeitos adversos
6.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 107(33): 14639-44, 2010 Aug 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20679231

RESUMO

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) developed as anti-cancer agents have a high degree of selectivity for killing cancer cells. HDACi induce acetylation of histones and nonhistone proteins, which affect gene expression, cell cycle progression, cell migration, and cell death. The mechanism of the tumor selective action of HDACi is unclear. Here, we show that the HDACi, vorinostat (Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA), induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in normal (HFS) and cancer (LNCaP, A549) cells. Normal cells in contrast to cancer cells repair the DSBs despite continued culture with vorinostat. In transformed cells, phosphorylated H2AX (gammaH2AX), a marker of DNA DSBs, levels increased with continued culture with vorinostat, whereas in normal cells, this marker decreased with time. Vorinostat induced the accumulation of acetylated histones within 30 min, which could alter chromatin structure-exposing DNA to damage. After a 24-h culture of cells with vorinostat, and reculture without the HDACi, gammaH2AX was undetectable by 2 h in normal cells, while persisting in transformed cells for the duration of culture. Further, we found that vorinostat suppressed DNA DSB repair proteins, e.g., RAD50, MRE11, in cancer but not normal cells. Thus, the HDACi, vorinostat, induces DNA damage which normal but not cancer cells can repair. This DNA damage is associated with cancer cell death. These findings can explain, in part, the selectivity of vorinostat in causing cancer cell death at concentrations that cause little or no normal cell death.


Assuntos
Dano ao DNA , Reparo do DNA , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/farmacologia , Ácidos Hidroxâmicos/farmacologia , Acetilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/genética , Células Cultivadas , Quebras de DNA de Cadeia Dupla/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Citometria de Fluxo , Prepúcio do Pênis/citologia , Histonas/metabolismo , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Masculino , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Vorinostat
7.
Nat Genet ; 9(1): 41-7, 1995 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7704023

RESUMO

Structural mutations in the p53 gene are seen in virtually every form of human cancer. To determine whether such mutations are important for initiating tumorigenesis, we have been studying hepatocellular carcinoma, in which most cases are associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infections. Using a transgenic mouse model where expression of a single HBV gene product, the HBx protein, induces progressive changes in the liver, we show that tumour development correlates precisely with p53 binding to HBx in the cytoplasm and complete blockage of p53 entry into the nucleus. Analysis of tumour cell DNA shows no evidence for p53 mutation, except in advanced tumours where a small proportion of cells may have acquired specific base substitutions. Our results suggest that genetic changes in p53 are late events which may contribute to tumour progression.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Genes p53 , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiologia , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Citoplasma/metabolismo , Primers do DNA/genética , Hepatite B/complicações , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/etiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação Puntual , Transativadores/genética , Transativadores/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais Reguladoras e Acessórias
8.
medRxiv ; 2023 Oct 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37333093

RESUMO

Background: Delirium following cardiac surgery is common, morbid, and costly, but may be prevented with risk stratification and targeted intervention. Preoperative protein signatures may identify patients at increased risk for worse postoperative outcomes, including delirium. In this study, we aimed to identify plasma protein biomarkers and develop a predictive model for postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery, while also uncovering possible pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods: SOMAscan analysis of 1,305 proteins in the plasma from 57 older adults undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass was conducted to define delirium-specific protein signatures at baseline (PREOP) and postoperative day 2 (POD2). Selected proteins were validated in 115 patients using the ELLA multiplex immunoassay platform. Proteins were combined with clinical and demographic variables to build multivariable models that estimate the risk of postoperative delirium and bring light to the underlying pathophysiology. Results: A total of 115 and 85 proteins from SOMAscan analyses were found altered in delirious patients at PREOP and POD2, respectively (p<0.05). Using four criteria including associations with surgery, delirium, and biological plausibility, 12 biomarker candidates (Tukey's fold change (|tFC|)>1.4, Benjamini-Hochberg (BH)-p<0.01) were selected for ELLA multiplex validation. Eight proteins were significantly altered at PREOP, and seven proteins at POD2 (p<0.05), in patients who developed postoperative delirium compared to non-delirious patients. Statistical analyses of model fit resulted in the selection of a combination of age, sex, and three proteins (angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2); C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5); and metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1); AUC=0.829) as the best performing predictive model for delirium at PREOP. The delirium-associated proteins identified as biomarker candidates are involved with inflammation, glial dysfunction, vascularization, and hemostasis, highlighting the multifactorial pathophysiology of delirium. Conclusion: Our study proposes a model of postoperative delirium that includes a combination of older age, female sex, and altered levels of three proteins. Our results support the identification of patients at higher risk of developing postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery and provide insights on the underlying pathophysiology. ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT02546765 ).

9.
Arch Diabetes Obes ; 4(2): 403-415, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35903156

RESUMO

Aims: To determine safety of intranasal insulin (INI) in MemAID trial participants with diabetes treated with systemic insulins. Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blinded trial consisted of 24-week INI or placebo treatment once daily and 24-week follow-up. Safety outcomes were: 1) Short-term effects on glycemic variability, hypoglycemic episodes on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) at baseline and on-treatment. 2) Long-term effects on glucose metabolism and weight on INI/placebo treatment and post-treatment follow-up. Of 86 screened subjects, 14 were randomized, 9 (5 INI, 4 Placebo) completed CGM at baseline and on-treatment, and 5 (2 INI, 3 Placebo) completed treatment and follow-up. Results: INI was safe and was not associated with serious adverse events, hypoglycemic episodes or weight gain. INI administration did not acutely affect capillary glucose. Glycemic variability on CGM decreased with INI, compared to baseline. On INI treatment, there was a long-term trend toward lower HbA1c, plasma glucose and insulin. No interactions with subcutaneous insulins were observed. Conclusions: INI is safe in older people with diabetes treated with systemic insulins, and it is not associated with adverse events, hypoglycemia or weight gain. Future studies are needed to determine whether INI administration can reduce glycemic variability, improve insulin sensitivity and thus potentially lessen diabetes burden in this population.

10.
Diabetologia ; 54(5): 996-1003, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21286681

RESUMO

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Several endothelial pathways of cell adhesion, coagulation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling are activated during sepsis. The objective of this analysis was to investigate the influence of diabetes on biomarkers of endothelial cell activation in sepsis. METHODS: This was a prospective observational cohort study of a convenience sample of adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) for whom infection was clinically suspected and who presented to an urban tertiary care emergency department between February 2005 and November 2008. We investigated the association of diabetes and sepsis with various endothelial activation biomarkers of cell adhesion (E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM-1] and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM-1]), coagulation (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [PAI-1]) and VEGF signalling (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 [sFLT-1]). RESULTS: A total of 207 patients (34% with sepsis, 32% with severe sepsis and 34% with septic shock) were studied, including 63 (30%) with diabetes. Compared with patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly increased E-selectin and sFLT-1 levels overall; this was most pronounced during septic shock in the stratified analysis. Multivariate models including age, sex, sepsis severity and other variables as potential covariates confirmed the association of diabetes with elevated circulating plasma levels of E-selectin (standardised ß 0.24, p < 0.001) and sFLT-1 (standardised ß 0.19, p < 0.01), but there was no significant association with VCAM-1, ICAM-1 or PAI-1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: During septic shock, patients with diabetes had higher levels of circulating biomarkers of endothelial cell adhesion (E-selectin) and VEGF signalling (sFLT-1). Future studies should address whether enhanced activation of the endothelium places patients with diabetes at increased risk for the development of sepsis and worsening morbidity and mortality.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Sepse/metabolismo , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Selectina E/metabolismo , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inibidor 1 de Ativador de Plasminogênio/metabolismo , Estudos Prospectivos , Molécula 1 de Adesão de Célula Vascular/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Receptor 1 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo
11.
Contemp Clin Trials ; 89: 105934, 2020 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31923471

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accelerates brain aging and increases the risk for dementia. Insulin is a key neurotrophic factor in the brain, where it modulates energy metabolism, neurovascular coupling, and regeneration. Impaired insulin-mediated brain signaling and central insulin resistance may contribute to cognitive and functional decline in T2DM. Intranasal insulin (INI) has emerged as a potential therapy for treating T2DM-related cognitive impairment. METHODS/DESIGN: Ongoing from 2015, a prospective, two-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 210 subjects (120 T2DM and 90 non-diabetic older adults) randomized into four treatment arms (60 T2DM-INI, 60 T2DM-Placebo, 45 Control-INI, and 45 Control-Placebo) evaluating the long-term effects of daily intranasal administration of 40 International Units (IU) of human insulin, as compared to placebo (sterile saline) over 24 weeks and 24 weeks of post-treatment follow-up. Study outcomes are: 1) long-term INI effects on cognition, daily functionality, and gait speed; 2) identifying a clinically relevant phenotype that predicts response to INI therapy; 3) long-term safety. CONCLUSION: This study addresses an important knowledge gap about the long-term effects of intranasal insulin on memory and cognition in older people with T2DM and non-diabetic controls, and may provide a novel therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of cognitive and functional decline and dementia. Trial Registration NCT02415556.


Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva/tratamento farmacológico , Disfunção Cognitiva/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Administração Intranasal , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cognição/efeitos dos fármacos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/administração & dosagem , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Memória/efeitos dos fármacos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desempenho Físico Funcional , Estudos Prospectivos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Velocidade de Caminhada
12.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 47(6): 809-815, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29478845

RESUMO

An objective method to recognize patient psychology using heart rate variability (HRV) has recently been developed and is increasingly being used in medical practice. This study compared the potential of this new method with the use of conventional surveys measuring anxiety levels in patients undergoing impacted third molar (ITM) surgery. Patient anxiety was examined before treatment in 64 adults who required ITM surgery, using two methods: measurement of HRV and conventional questionnaire surveys (state section of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and Dental Fear Survey (DFS)). Both methods were assessed for their respective abilities to determine the impact of personal background, the amount of information provided, and the surgical procedure on patient psychology. Questionnaires and HRV yielded the same finding: dental experience was the single background factor that correlated with patient anxiety; the other factors remain unclear. The STAI-S showed a significant relationship between the information provided to the patient and their anxiety level, while the DFS and HRV did not. In addition, HRV demonstrated its ability to assess the effects of the surgical procedure on patient psychology. HRV demonstrated great potential as an objective method for evaluating patient stress, especially for providing real-time information on the patient's status.


Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/fisiopatologia , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Extração Dentária/psicologia , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
13.
Transbound Emerg Dis ; 65(1): e104-e112, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28856846

RESUMO

The O/Middle East-South Asia (ME-SA)/Ind-2001 lineage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is endemic in the Indian subcontinent and has been reported in the Middle East and North Africa, but it had not been detected in South-East Asia (SEA) before 2015. This study reports the recent incursions of this viral lineage into SEA, which caused outbreaks in Vientiane Capital of Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) in April 2015, in Dak Nong, Dak Lak and Ninh Thuan Provinces of Vietnam from May to October 2015, and in Rakhine State of Myanmar in October 2015. Disease investigations were conducted during the outbreaks and followed up after laboratory results confirmed the involvement of FMDV O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 sublineage d (O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d). Affected host species included cattle, buffalo and pig, and all the outbreaks resolved within 2 months. Animals with clinical signs were separated, and affected premises were disinfected. However, strict movement restrictions were not enforced, and emergency vaccinations were only implemented in Vientiane Capital of Lao PDR and Dak Nong and Ninh Thuan Provinces of Vietnam. Clinical samples were collected from each outbreak and examined by nucleotide sequencing of the FMDV viral protein 1 coding region. Sequence analysis revealed that the O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d isolates from Lao PDR and Vietnam were closely related to each other and similar to viruses previously circulating in India in 2013. Viruses collected from Myanmar were divergent from viruses of the same sublineage recovered from Lao PDR and Vietnam but were closely related to viruses present in Bangladesh in 2015. These findings imply that at least two independent introductions of O/ME-SA/Ind-2001d into SEA have occurred. Our study highlights the transboundary nature of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and reinforces the importance of improved FMD surveillance and promotion of safer cross-border trade in SEA to control the risk of introduction and spread of exotic FMDV strains.


Assuntos
Búfalos/virologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/isolamento & purificação , Febre Aftosa/virologia , Doenças dos Suínos/virologia , Animais , Sudeste Asiático/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/transmissão , Febre Aftosa/epidemiologia , Febre Aftosa/transmissão , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/genética , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/imunologia , Geografia , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Sorogrupo , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/transmissão , Vietnã/epidemiologia
14.
J Clin Invest ; 98(7): 1626-32, 1996 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8833912

RESUMO

The finding that intracellular expression of the beta-amyloid protein (Abeta) under a neuron-specific promoter led progressively to degeneration and death of neurons in the brains of transgenic mice provides a unique opportunity to utilize this animal model to both understand the mechanism that underlies neuronal cell death and define the complexity of events which may ensue. We observed a correlation between Abeta accumulation in selective neurons and activation of p53, a protein that has been implicated in the induction of apoptosis. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of adjacent brain sections suggest that expression of p53 is accompanied by nuclear DNA fragmentation. In certain regions with marked neuronal cell death, extracellular deposition of A(beta) became evident, together with the local activation of astrocytes. Interestingly, the neuritic structures underlying the Abeta deposits showed altered synaptophysin immunoreactivity and morphologic evidence for damage. This transgenic mouse model suggests that intracellular generation of the Abeta protein not only leads to the death of the neuron but may also functionally impair neighboring neurons as well. It further offers a mechanism whereby neuritic plaques may be derived.


Assuntos
Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Apoptose , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/etiologia , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/genética , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Fragmentação do DNA , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Degeneração Neural , Sinaptofisina/imunologia , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética
15.
J Clin Invest ; 100(1): 32-9, 1997 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9202054

RESUMO

Transgenic mice carrying an HIV provirus, with selective deletion of all three structural genes, developed extensive lymphoid depletion which was detected not only in the spleen and lymph nodes but also in the thymus. Mice with a high level of HIV gene expression developed acute disease which resulted in premature death, and mice with a low level of viral transcripts developed chronic disease with long-term survival. Neither HIV replication nor the envelope glycoprotein (gp120) was required for T cell depletion. Despite abundant viral gene expression early in life, cell death did not become evident until about the time of full lymphoid maturation, suggesting that thymopoiesis was not affected. The more mature T cells in the peripheral lymphoid organs and in the thymic medulla were less sensitive to the apoptotic process than the immature T cells in the thymic cortex. Gradual depletion of the T cell compartment in the peripheral lymphoid organs was intimately accompanied by the reciprocal expansion of the B cell compartment, resulting in the almost complete replacement of T lymphocytes with B immunoblasts in lymph nodes. Unlike T cells, which showed abundant HIV gene expression, B cells did not. The transgenic approach may help identify the HIV nonstructural gene(s) responsible for immune deficiency and help facilitate dissection of its role in inducing apoptosis.


Assuntos
Linfócitos B/imunologia , Vírus Defeituosos/genética , HIV/genética , HIV/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Animais , Apoptose , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Primers do DNA , Vírus Defeituosos/imunologia , Deleção de Genes , Genes Virais , Linfonodos/imunologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Depleção Linfocítica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Provírus/genética , Provírus/imunologia , Timo/imunologia , Timo/patologia , Transcrição Gênica , Proteínas Estruturais Virais/genética , Replicação Viral/genética
16.
Transbound Emerg Dis ; 64(2): 547-563, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26301461

RESUMO

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major constraint to transboundary trade in animal products, yet much of its natural ecology and epidemiology in endemic regions is still poorly understood. To address this gap, a multidisciplinary, molecular and conventional epidemiological approach was applied to an investigation of endemic FMD in Vietnam. Within the study space, it was found that 22.3% of sampled ruminants had previously been infected with FMD virus (FMDV), of which 10.8% were persistent, asymptomatic carriers (2.4% of the total population). Descriptive data collected from targeted surveillance and a farm questionnaire showed a significantly lower prevalence of FMDV infection for dairy farms. In contrast, farms of intermediate size and/or history of infection in 2010 were at increased risk of FMD exposure. At the individual animal level, buffalo had the highest exposure risk (over cattle), and there was spatial heterogeneity in exposure risk at the commune level. Conversely, carrier prevalence was higher for beef cattle, suggesting lower susceptibility of buffalo to persistent FMDV infection. To characterize virus strains currently circulating in Vietnam, partial FMDV genomic (VP1) sequences from carrier animals collected between 2012 and 2013 (N = 27) and from FMDV outbreaks between 2009 and 2013 (N = 79) were compared by phylogenetic analysis. Sequence analysis suggested that within the study period, there were two apparent novel introductions of serotype A viruses and that the dominant lineage of serotype O in Vietnam shifted from SEA/Mya-98 to ME-SA/PanAsia. FMDV strains shared close ancestors with FMDV from other South-East Asian countries indicating substantial transboundary movement of the predominant circulating strains. Close genetic relationships were observed between carrier and outbreak viruses, which may suggest that asymptomatic carriers of FMDV contribute to regional disease persistence. Multiple viral sequences obtained from carrier cattle over a 1-year period had considerable within-animal genetic variation, indicating within-host virus evolution.


Assuntos
Portador Sadio/veterinária , Febre Aftosa/epidemiologia , Animais , Portador Sadio/virologia , Bovinos , Febre Aftosa/transmissão , Febre Aftosa/virologia , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/genética , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/isolamento & purificação , Variação Genética , Filogenia , RNA Viral/genética , Análise de Sequência , Sorotipagem/veterinária , Vietnã/epidemiologia
17.
J Phys Chem B ; 110(48): 24577-84, 2006 Dec 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17134218

RESUMO

The interaction of O(2) with small Pd particles (2-10 nm) supported on an alpha-Al(2)O(3)(0001) single crystal under both ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and high-pressure conditions has been studied by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), temperature-programmed low-energy ion scattering (TP-LEIS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A low O(2) exposure (30 L) at 500 K leads to surface oxygen adatoms on the Pd nanoparticles, which desorb in TPD as O(2) in a peak at approximately 880 K. Surface O adatoms on the smallest Pd particles move to subsurface sites starting at 400 K, and they almost all move subsurface by approximately 750 K, desorbing mainly at considerably higher temperature. The dominant oxygen species above 700 K is subsurface, implying that it is more stable than oxygen adatoms on Pd. Exposures of the Pd nanoparticles to 25 Torr O(2) at 373-473 K readily convert the Pd to a species whose Pd XPS peak shifts by the same amount as the binding energy difference between bulk Pd and bulk PdO. We attribute this to PdO nanoparticles (or a thin film of PdO on or under the Pd for the larger particles). The decomposition of the PdO on these nanoparticles to Pd in an equilibrium O(2) pressure of 10-7 Torr does not occur until approximately 750 K, or approximately 200 K higher than the equilibrium decomposition of bulk PdO. This is attributed to the higher energy of Pd nanoparticles compared to bulk Pd and, for the larger particles, to the adhesion energy of the PdO film to the Pd, both of which stabilize the PdO on these Pd nanoparticles relative to bulk PdO. This PdO-like film on the larger particles may be similar to the ordered oxide thin film previously reported to form on Pd(111) but may also reside at the alpha-Al(2)O(3) interface and be partially stabilized by adhesion to this interface.

18.
Cancer Res ; 51(24): 6686-90, 1991 Dec 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1742742

RESUMO

Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at risk to develop a variety of different cancers. Based on epidemiological data, Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been clearly associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Additional cancers such as basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, melanoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma have also been reported to be associated with a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A direct causal role of HIV has yet to be established for any of these cancers. We now report that transgenic mice carrying the HIV tat gene develop a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma after a long latency and that these changes in the liver are likely to be initiated by extrahepatic growth signals from the tat expressing cells in these mice. We predict that as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients begin to respond to therapy and show prolonged survival, such "secondary" malignancies induced by HIV will become increasingly prevalent.


Assuntos
Genes tat , HIV/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Experimentais/genética , Animais , Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Neoplasias Experimentais/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Pele
19.
Meat Sci ; 112: 39-45, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26519607

RESUMO

Post-mortem measurements (cold weight, grade and external carcass linear dimensions) as well as live animal data (age, breed, sex) were used to predict ovine primal and retail cut weights for 792 lamb carcases. Significant levels of variance could be explained using these predictors. The predictive power of those measurements on primal and retail cut weights was studied by using the results from principal component analysis and the absolute value of the t-statistics of the linear regression model. High prediction accuracy for primal cut weight was achieved (adjusted R(2) up to 0.95), as well as moderate accuracy for key retail cut weight: tenderloins (adj-R(2)=0.60), loin (adj-R(2)=0.62), French rack (adj-R(2)=0.76) and rump (adj-R(2)=0.75). The carcass cold weight had the best predictive power, with the accuracy increasing by around 10% after including the next three most significant variables.


Assuntos
Adiposidade , Gorduras na Dieta/análise , Indústria de Embalagem de Carne/métodos , Carne/análise , Modelos Biológicos , Desenvolvimento Muscular , Carneiro Doméstico/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fatores Etários , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Peso Corporal , Fenômenos Químicos , Feminino , Inspeção de Alimentos , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Fenômenos Mecânicos , Nova Zelândia , Análise de Componente Principal
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA