[False aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery complicating a pancreatic pseudocyst]. / Faux-anévrisme de l'artère mésentérique supérieure compliquant un pseudokyste pancréatique.

The authors report a case of false aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery, complicating acute pancreatitis. They insist on the sonographic signs of "the cyst within a cyst"; the presence of a cystic lesion located within a larger mass an US Scanning is highly suggestive of a false aneurysm included in a pseudocyst. They demonstrate the correlation between US Scanning, CT Scan and arteriogram.

[Lactic acid in the human umbilical cord. Influence of glycolysis in the blood in cord and in cordonal tissue (author's transl)]. / L'acide lactique dans le cordon ombilical humain. Influence de la glycolyse dans le sang du cordon et le tissu cordonal.

The blood staid in human umbilical cord increases his lactate concentration (about + 4 mg/l/mn, in average). It is the fact of an high metabolic activity of foetal erythrocytes for glycolysis, but also of action of cordonal tissue itself. This tissue, after elimination of blood, allows an high concentration of lactate, which increases when cord is kept at room temperature, reaching and rising above 1 or 2 g/kg, after many hours. This glycolytic process indicates than cord tissue has a metabolic activity which seems to be in relation with the high lactate concentration of the amniotic fluid.

[Anuria due to bilateral ureteral blockage by the iliac pedicles (retro-iliac ureters)]. / Anurie par blocage urétéral bilatéral sur les pédicules iliaques (uretères rétro-iliaques).

The authors report a case of bilateral retro-iliac ureter with renal failure. The transvascular segments of the ureters were eliminated, and the two ureters were reanastomosed in front of the iliac vessels.

[Role of the wise woman in contraception]. / Le rôle de la sage-femme dans la contraception.

PIP: The role of midwives has been extended to assisting with consultation in contraception and sexuality by the 1972 legislation setting personnel requirements for French family planning centers. This law expands their limits beyond prenatal care and childbirth, 80% of which is attended by midwives in Paris. New professional courses on family psychology, sexuality, and contraception have been instituted in Lyons. This address contains an outline of the courses and quotes the text of the new health code applying to midwives. Experienced midwives will be competent to counsel couples with problems in the physical or psychosocial systems resulting in frigidity, vaginismus, premature ejaculation, or impotence. They can discuss types of pills and contraindications, measure for diaphragms, caps for nulliparas, or IUDs for those who cannot take the pill. The recent history of the French midwives association is summarized.^ieng

[Intrauterine contraception by plastic intrauterine devices (2 personal cases of failure)]. / Contraception intra-utérine par les appareils plastiques intra-utérins (à propos de 2 observations personnelles d'échec)

PIP: IUDs and tubal sterilization (both defined as types of uterine sterilization suitable for medical indications only) are reviewed, and 2 cases of failure, one with a Lippes loop and one with the Madlener sterilization method are presented. The IUD patient had a Lippes loop inserted in Tunis, then had a normal pregnancy diagnosed 11 months later in France. She delivered a 2780 gm boy prematurely 6 months later. The other patient had a Madlener sterilization performed 11 years before in Germany after 4 caesarean births. She carried the 5th pregnancy to term and received an Irving sterilization. It was concluded that plastic IUDs should be used only where oral contraceptives or tubal sterilization are contraindicated, that the same protocol should be followed as for surgical sterilization, and that the patient and doctor should be alert to the possibility of failure (e.g., expulsion, pregnancy) and the dangers (perforation, occlusion) of the IUD.^ieng

[Cholinesterases and arylesterase in the umbilical cord, the placenta, and the amniotic membrane, in the female at term]. / Cholinestérases et arylestérase dans le cordon ombilical, le placenta et la membrane amniotique, chez la femme à terme.

Cholinesterasic activity of umbilical cord (tissue), completely bloodless, is exclusively due to pseudocholinesterase. Cholinesterase is more active in placenta than in cord; it is an acetylcholinesterase at 80 per cent. Both forms coexist, about equally, in amniotic membrane. A considerable arylesterasic activity is proved in cord, placenta and membrane, the greatest activity being in placenta. Comparing the greater activity in maternal plasma and cord blood's plasma to the very weak activity in amniotic fluid, it is possible to think that cork, membrane, placenta and also amniotic fluid pseudocholinesterase and arylesterase, come from plasma. On the contrary, placental acetylcholinesterase seems original and probably is the source of this enzyme activity in amniotic fluid.

[Amniotic fluid arginase in women at term]. / Sur l'arginase dans le liquide amniotique. Etude chez la femme à terme

Study on 34 cases. A considerable arginasic activity is observed in amniotic fluid in women at the end of pregnancy. This activity is weak, but increased by Mn2+ (about 5 to 8 times). The total amniotic fluid is more active than the surpernatant, the deposit of which has been eliminated. An important part of arginasic activity results from the elements of the deposit (amniotic cells, foetal cells and eventualy erythrocytes in hemorragic amniotic fluid).

[Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes in human umbilical cord tissue]. / La lactico-déshydrogénase et ses iso-enzymes dans le tissu cordonal humain.

Study on umbilical cord tissue, completely bloodless, for determination of lactate deshydrogenase activity and its distribution among the five iso-enzymes. Comparison with placenta, amniotic fluid, serums of blood of cord and of mother. Cord tissue is very active (about 360 muKatals, in average) and it is a similar result in placenta (as it is possibly bloodless). Blood serum of cord is more active than amniotic fluid, which is more active than maternal serum, but they are 80 to 200 times less active than cord tissue. After electrophoresis, a very large predominance of the slow iso-enzymes L.D.H. 4--5 is found in cord tissue (72%), amniotic fluid (67%) and placenta (56%), whereas the fast iso-enzymes L.D.H. 1--2 are predominant in the serums of cord blood and of mother. These data indicate an intense metabolic activity in the cord tissue, which has also an high level of lactate, and this seems related to the foetal metabolism for anaerobic glycolysis in oxygen weakly provided tissues.

[Cholinesterases (acetyl and pseudocholinesterase) in human amniotic fluid]. / Cholinestérases (acétyl et pseudocholinestérase) dans le liquide amniotique humain

Study on 41 cases. The cholinesterasic activity of human amniotic fluid, free from blood, is very weak, in average 0,10 microkatal, approximatively 300 times weaker than mother's serum. In this "total cholinesterase", we find a large amount (about 40%) of acetylcholinesterase. Amniotic cholinesterases have an prominent placentary origin, with, in addition, a likely activity proceeding from cellular elements.

[Endometritis and abortion by association of Lippes' loop and pregnancy with intraplacental insertion of the apparatus]. / Endométrie et avortement par association de boucle de Lippes et grossesse avec insertion intra-placentaire de l'appareil.

PIP: A case of spontaneous abortion of a 3 1/2 month gestation, 6 months after insertion of a Lippes loop is described briefly. The 34-year old multipara had experienced bleeding, diagnosed by X-ray as malposition of the IUD. Histologic examination of the placenta revealed necrotic lesions infiltrated with fibrin and polymorphonuclear leucocytes, alternating with intact, often double-layered chorion and glands also infiltrated with polymorphonuclear leucocytes.^ieng

Our surgical approach towards the treatment of urethrocele and urethral fistula.

A new technique, described in the text, has been elaborated inspired by that of Monseur (1968) for urethral techniques. It has been performed with success in three paraplegics and in one incomplete tetraparesis. The plastic reconstruction of the diseased part of the urethra after excision of the stenosis and a fistula or diverticula by rotation and fixation to the subcavernal groove creates, in fact, an enlarged neo-urethra rendering the recurrence of the primary lesion practically impossible. This technique, first applied to spinal cord injuries, has been extended with permanent success to other lesions, such as tuberculosis stenosis and malformations.