RESUMO
The results of treatment of 47 patients, in whom the focal accumulations of liquid (FAL) have appeared in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), were analyzed. The puncture-draining sanation (PDS) was performed in all the patients. In 61.7% patients the PDS under ultrasonographic guidance have appeared the one-staged definite procedure. The staged PDS were conducted in 10.6% patients. In 27.6% patients after conduction of PDS under ultrasonographic guidance there was open necrsequesterectomy performed. There was a scale elaborated for the PDS efficacy estimation under ultrasonographic guidance. Dynamic estimation of the PDS efficacy in presence of FAL in patients, suffering SAP, have had promoted the treatment results improvement. The PDS efficacy depends on the disease duration, the infiltrate spreading, the sequesters presence and the FAL infectioning.
Assuntos
Endossonografia , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/diagnóstico por imagem , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/patologia , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/cirurgia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Sucção , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The study was designed to estimate activity of a series of anti-inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin, haptoglobulin, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-8) in the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and effect of beta-adrenoblocking therapy on their activity. The patients were divided into 2 groups: one was treated with beta-blocker metoprolol tartrate as a main component of ACS pharmacotherapy (n = 30), the other included the patients with absolute contraindications to bena-adrenoblockers (n = 15). Otherwise, patients of both groups received standard antianginal therapy including nitrates, anticoagulants, ACE inhibitors, and statins. The frequency of prescription of these drugs and coronary angioplasty was comparable in both groups. It was shown that patients with ACS have elevated levels of CRP, haptoglobulin and prooxidant marker ceruloplasmin.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Antagonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 1/uso terapêutico , Metoprolol/uso terapêutico , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/sangue , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Ceruloplasmina/análise , Feminino , Haptoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Interleucina-4/sangue , Interleucina-8/sangue , MasculinoRESUMO
Type II procollagen is expressed as two splice forms. One form, type IIB, is synthesized by chondrocytes and is the major extracellular matrix component of cartilage. The other form, type IIA, contains an additional 69 amino acid cysteine-rich domain in the NH2-propeptide and is synthesized by chondrogenic mesenchyme and perichondrium. We have hypothesized that the additional protein domain of type IIA procollagen plays a role in chondrogenesis. The present study was designed to determine the localization of the type IIA NH2-propeptide and its function during chondrogenesis. Immunofluorescence histochemistry using antibodies to three domains of the type IIA procollagen molecule was used to localize the NH2-propeptide, fibrillar domain, and COOH-propeptides of the type IIA procollagen molecule during chondrogenesis in a developing human long bone (stage XXI). Before chondrogenesis, type IIA procollagen was synthesized by chondroprogenitor cells and deposited in the extracellular matrix. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed type IIA procollagen fibrils labeled with antibodies to NH2-propeptide at approximately 70 nm interval suggesting that the NH2-propeptide remains attached to the collagen molecule in the extracellular matrix. As differentiation proceeds, the cells switch synthesis from type IIA to IIB procollagen, and the newly synthesized type IIB collagen displaces the type IIA procollagen into the interterritorial matrix. To initiate studies on the function of type IIA procollagen, binding was tested between recombinant NH2-propeptide and various growth factors known to be involved in chondrogenesis. A solid phase binding assay showed no reaction with bFGF or IGF-1, however, binding was observed with TGF-beta1 and BMP-2, both known to induce endochondral bone formation. BMP-2, but not IGF-1, coimmunoprecipitated with type IIA NH2-propeptide. Recombinant type IIA NH2-propeptide and type IIA procollagen from media coimmunoprecipitated with BMP-2 while recombinant type IIB NH2-propeptide and all other forms of type II procollagens and mature collagen did not react with BMP-2. Taken together, these results suggest that the NH2-propeptide of type IIA procollagen could function in the extracellular matrix distribution of bone morphogenetic proteins in chondrogenic tissue.
Assuntos
Proteínas Morfogenéticas Ósseas/metabolismo , Cartilagem/metabolismo , Cisteína/análise , Pró-Colágeno/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Sequência de Bases , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2 , Cartilagem/embriologia , Primers do DNA , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Imunofluorescência , Humanos , Microscopia Imunoeletrônica , Pró-Colágeno/química , Ligação Proteica , Isoformas de Proteínas/química , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismoRESUMO
The purpose of this review to show recent advances in the treatment of intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome and to evaluate their clinical implication. To identify relevant publications, the authors have looked through the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for the original papers published since 1980. As search terms, they used "intraabdominal pressure", "intraabdominal hypertension", "abdominal compartment syndrome combined with treatment". The cumulative analysis of recent data indicates that early treatment of intraabdominal hypertension can prevent the development of abdominal compartment syndrome and a need for emergency laparotomy. However, laparotomy and various laparostomic techniques remain the only effective methods in treating intraabdominal hypertension in the presence of the abdominal compartment syndrome. The staf of surgical and general intensive care units should be aware of the prevention and treatment of intraabdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome.
Assuntos
Abdome , Anestesia/métodos , Síndromes Compartimentais/terapia , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Hipertensão/terapia , Abdome/fisiopatologia , Abdome/cirurgia , Síndromes Compartimentais/cirurgia , Descompressão Cirúrgica/métodos , Hidratação/métodos , Humanos , Hipertensão/cirurgiaRESUMO
The aim of this work is the analysis of the indices of the health and of the structure of the sicknesses of the inhabitants of Armenia who took part in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident. Also it is the determination of possible dependence of the frequency of diseases for the most widespread classes of sicknesses on the received dose of the irradiation, according to the data of the clinical examination and dispensarysation; and also it is the revelation of the role of other factors influenced on the health indexes.
Assuntos
Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Exposição Ocupacional , Lesões por Radiação/diagnóstico , Armênia , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , HumanosRESUMO
We studied the effects of elicitors, such as mannan, beta-1,3-glucan, ancymidol, and cork crumbs, on morphogenetic and biosynthetic potencies of shoot cultures of Hypericum perforatum L. In the presence of these elicitors, different morphogenetic structures of H. perforatum callus cultures were formed. A correlation was found between the morphogenetic processes and induction of hypericin and pseudohypericin biosynthesis in the callus cultures.
Assuntos
Hypericum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Mananas/farmacologia , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , beta-Glucanas/farmacologia , Antracenos , Hypericum/efeitos dos fármacos , Hypericum/metabolismo , Perileno/análogos & derivados , Perileno/metabolismo , Brotos de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos , Brotos de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Brotos de Planta/metabolismoAssuntos
Antineoplásicos Hormonais/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hormônio-Dependentes/patologia , Pós-Menopausa , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Tamoxifeno/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Comprehensive epidemiological, entomological, virological, and parasitological studies were conducted to examine the species composition and size of bloodsucking arthropoda (mosquitoes and ticks). A total of 64,567 mosquitoes and 45,180 Ixodes ticks were collected. Among the mosquitoes, Anopheles maculipennis was a prevalent species (81.6%). In all climatic zones, Dermacentor marginatus was the largest in number and most abundant during flag collections from cattle and plants (62.5% and 95.5%, respectively). Virological studies of the collected field material identified 125 strains of arboviruses belonging to 10 viruses: Tyaginya, Sindbis, Batai, Dkhori, tick-borne encephalitis, West Nile fever, Tamdy, KGL, Geta, and Bkhandzha. The identified arboviruses are environmentally associated with both mosquitoes and ticks. The larger number and diversity of bloodsucking artropoda present a potential risk of outbursts of arbovirus infections on the territory of the republic.
Assuntos
Infecções por Arbovirus/prevenção & controle , Vetores Artrópodes/classificação , Culicidae/classificação , Ecossistema , Carrapatos/classificação , Animais , Anopheles/classificação , Anopheles/virologia , Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Armênia , Vetores Artrópodes/virologia , Bovinos , Culicidae/virologia , Dermacentor/classificação , Dermacentor/virologia , Ixodes/classificação , Ixodes/virologia , Fatores de Risco , Especificidade da Espécie , Carrapatos/virologiaRESUMO
A screen for protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) expressed in the chick inner ear yielded a high proportion of clones encoding an avian ortholog of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Q (Ptprq), a receptor-like PTP. Ptprq was first identified as a transcript upregulated in rat kidney in response to glomerular nephritis and has recently been shown to be active against inositol phospholipids. An antibody to the intracellular domain of Ptprq, anti-Ptprq, stains hair bundles in mice and chicks. In the chick ear, the distribution of Ptprq is almost identical to that of the 275 kDa hair-cell antigen (HCA), a component of hair-bundle shaft connectors recognized by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that stains inner-ear hair bundles and kidney glomeruli. Furthermore, anti-Ptprq immunoblots a 275 kDa polypeptide immunoprecipitated by the anti-HCA mAb from the avian inner ear, indicating that the HCA and Ptprq are likely to be the same molecule. In two transgenic mouse strains with different mutations in Ptprq, anti-Ptprq immunoreactivity cannot be detected in the ear. Shaft connectors are absent from mutant vestibular hair bundles, but the stereocilia forming the hair bundle are not splayed, indicating that shaft connectors are not necessary to hold the stereocilia together; however, the mice show rapid postnatal deterioration in cochlear hair-bundle structure, associated with smaller than normal transducer currents with otherwise normal adaptation properties, a progressive loss of basal-coil cochlear hair cells, and deafness. These results reveal that Ptprq is required for formation of the shaft connectors of the hair bundle, the normal maturation of cochlear hair bundles, and the long-term survival of high-frequency auditory hair cells.
Assuntos
Cóclea/enzimologia , Células Ciliadas Auditivas/enzimologia , Fosfatidilinositóis/metabolismo , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatases/metabolismo , Animais , Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Separação Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/genética , Galinhas , Cílios/enzimologia , Cílios/ultraestrutura , Cóclea/citologia , Cóclea/embriologia , Surdez/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Células Ciliadas Auditivas/citologia , Células Ciliadas Auditivas/ultraestrutura , Mecanotransdução Celular/fisiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Camundongos Transgênicos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Técnicas de Patch-Clamp , Faloidina , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/genética , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatases/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatases Classe 3 Semelhantes a ReceptoresRESUMO
The experience in the treatment of esophageal fistulas is analyzed. Necessity and expediency of bougienage of esophageal burn stricture in patients with fistulas are discussed, indications and contraindications to bougienage of esophageal stricture complicated with a fistula are formulated. Surgical treatment of these patients (disfunction of esophageal fistulas and different variants of esophagoplasty) are considered.
Assuntos
Queimaduras Químicas/complicações , Fístula Esofágica/complicações , Estenose Esofágica/induzido quimicamente , Estenose Esofágica/terapia , Adulto , Dilatação/métodos , Fístula Esofágica/cirurgia , Estenose Esofágica/complicações , Estenose Esofágica/cirurgia , Esofagoplastia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Qualidade de Vida , Recidiva , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Type II procollagen is synthesized in two forms generated by the alternative splicing of its precursor mRNA. The alternatively spliced domain, exon 2, encodes the 69-amino-acid cysteine-rich region of the NH2 propeptide. Studies of mRNA expression have shown that the longer form, designated Type IIA procollagen, is synthesized by chondroprogenitor cells and various noncartilaginous tissues. The shorter form, Type IIB procollagen, is synthesized by differentiated chondrocytes. As the initial step in our investigations of the function of the Type IIA procollagen, the protein domain corresponding to exon 2 was created as a recombinant fusion protein and used to raise antibodies in rabbits. The resulting antiserum was specific for Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide as shown by ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescent co-localization with the triple-helical domain of Type II collagen. Type IIA procollagen was identified in tissue culture medium of 54-day human fetal ribs. Confocal microscopy was used to localize the Type IIA NH2 propeptide in Day 50 and 53 human embryos. In the digital rays of the developing hand, where only Type IIA procollagen mRNA was detected, Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide was observed in the extracellular matrix. The presence of Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide was observed in the cartilage of the developing long bones of the lower arm and vertebral bodies even though these tissues synthesize Type IIB mRNA at this developmental stage. Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide was localized in the developing trachea, a cartilage that does not undergo endochondral bone formation. Type IIA NH2 propeptide was also localized in noncartilaginous tissues known to synthesize Type IIA mRNA, such as the intervertebral area, perichondrium, notochordal sheath, and neuroepithelium of the otic vesicle. In most tissues, co-localization with antiserum against the triple-helical domain of Type II collagen was observed. Positive immunoreactivity with the Type IIA NH2 propeptide antiserum indicates, for the first time, that this propeptide is present in the tissue. Co-localization of NH2 propeptide antibodies with the triple-helical domain of the collagen molecule suggests that Type IIA procollagen is intact in the extracellular matrix of these tissues. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that around cells that synthesize Type IIA procollagen mRNA, Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide is secreted and deposited into the extracellular matrix. In light of these results, we predict that Type IIA procollagen plays a role in differentiation of tissues that augments its purely architectural function.
Assuntos
Cartilagem/química , Cartilagem/embriologia , Embrião de Mamíferos/química , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/análise , Pró-Colágeno/análise , Western Blotting , Colágeno/genética , Fibroblastos/química , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização In Situ , Microscopia Confocal , Pró-Colágeno/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/imunologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a natural component from cruciferous vegetables, has been demonstrated to be a modulator of carcinogenesis in various animal models. Along with the promising perspectives of I3C as a possible chemopreventive agent for human breast cancer, some concerns have been raised regarding the tumor-promotional potency of this compound in other target organs. In this study we examined the hepatic tumor-modulatory properties of I3C fed to C57BL/6J mice, initiated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Infant male mice were initiated with 0, 2 or 5 mg/kg DEN (i.p. injection) at 15 days of age. Mice were weaned 9 days later and immediately put on AIN76A semipurified diet (with no antioxidants) containing 0 or 0.15% (1500 ppm) I3C. In addition, at the age of 2 months, one group of mice initiated with 2 mg/kg DEN was injected i.p. with a single dose (20 mg/kg) of 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCB), to serve as a positive control group for promotion. Mice were sampled for hepatic tumors at the age of 6 or 8 months. Each sampled group contained 11-12 mice except the HCB group (nine animals). After 8 months, there was a statistically significant (P < 0.0005) inhibition of hepatocarcinogenesis observed for I3C-fed animals initiated with the high dose of DEN. A single injection of HCB at 2 months of age significantly (P = 0.0003) enhanced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice initiated with 2 mg/kg DEN. There was no statistically significant difference between groups sampled at 6 months of age. Our observations indicate that long term administration of I3C in the diet inhibits DEN-initiated hepatocarcinogenesis in the infant mouse model.
Assuntos
Anticarcinógenos/farmacologia , Indóis/farmacologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/prevenção & controle , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Administração Oral , Envelhecimento , Animais , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Carcinógenos , Dietilnitrosamina , Feminino , Alimentos Fortificados , Humanos , Fígado/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fígado/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To develop a 3-dimensional carrier system for subretinal transplantation of human fetal retinal pigment epithelial (HFRPE) cells and to assess their growth pattern in the rabbit subretinal space. METHODS: After a standard 3-port vitrectomy, HFRPE cells grown as microspheres on cross-linked fibrinogen were introduced into the subretinal space of rabbits. The eyes were studied at 7, 14, and 30 days after surgery by ophthalmoscopy and light microscopy. RESULTS: Ophthalmoscopically, at day 7, 11 (61%) of the 18 eyes showed radiating hyperpigmentation around the transplanted HFRPE microspheres. The results of a histological examination revealed a monolayer outgrowth of HFRPE cells, overlying host retinal pigment epithelium. The control eyes revealed a patch of chorioretinal atrophy with lymphocytic infiltration around the microspheres. CONCLUSIONS: Human fetal retinal pigment epithelial cells grown as microspheres on cross-linked fibrinogen can be successfully transplanted into the subretinal space. Cells can survive for at least 1 month and form a monolayer over the host retinal pigment epithelium cells, with a mild local inflammatory response. The difference in inflammatory responses between the eyes that underwent transplantation and the control eyes may suggest a modulating effect of the HFRPE cells on inflammation, immunity, or both. This new xenogenic model may have importance in the study of subretinal transplant cell biology and the associated immune response. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results of this study may be important for better understanding of the mechanisms of retinal pigment epithelium cell behavior after transplantation. The proposed model may be applicable for future clinical and experimental investigations in the area of retinal pigment epithelium transplantation.
Assuntos
Transplante de Tecido Fetal , Modelos Biológicos , Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/transplante , Retina/cirurgia , Esferoides Celulares/transplante , Animais , Antígenos CD/análise , Transplante de Células/métodos , Células Cultivadas , Olho/embriologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Fundo de Olho , Antígenos HLA/análise , Humanos , Queratinas/análise , Oftalmoscopia , Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/química , Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/patologia , Coelhos , Retina/química , Retina/patologia , Esferoides Celulares/química , Esferoides Celulares/patologia , VitrectomiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To develop an in vivo rabbit model of retinal pigment epithelial wound healing that preserves the overlying retina. METHODS: Hydraulic débridement of the retinal pigment epithelium was performed in one eye of 35 pigmented rabbits by means of a pars plana vitrectomy approach. Five of the 35 eyes were examined by stereoscopic color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and light microscopy on each of the following postoperative days: 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28, and 56. RESULTS: Retinal pigment epithelial débridement with this technique results in apical decapitation of the retinal pigment epithelial cells followed by subsequent hydraulic removal of the residual nucleus-containing basal cellular debris. The retinal pigment epithelium-denuded Bruch's membrane was resurfaced mostly by a monolayer of flattened, hypopigmented retinal pigment epithelial cells within 4 days after débridement. Progressive retinal pigment epithelial hyperplasia also occurred beginning between postoperative days 2 and 4. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal pigment epithelial wound healing after hydraulic débridement occurs rapidly and in a manner initially consistent with sliding migration. Progressive retinal pigment epithelial hyperplasia also occurs and may contribute to this repair process. Further investigation of retinal pigment epithelial repair by means of this in vivo model may provide important insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of outer retinal disorders.
Assuntos
Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/patologia , Cicatrização , Animais , Lâmina Basilar da Corioide/patologia , Desbridamento , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Angiofluoresceinografia , Fundo de Olho , Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/cirurgia , Coelhos , Retina/patologia , VitrectomiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase (CO) inhibitor, on laser-induced subretinal neovascularization (SRN) in the monkey. The CO pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism plays an important role in angiogenesis, and the inhibition of CO is known to inhibit angiogenesis in the cornea and in certain tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cannula was implanted into the vitreous cavity of 11 eyes of six monkeys and connected to an osmotic minipump. Indomethacin (25 micrograms/d) was delivered into the vitreous through the cannula for 14 days (seven eyes). Vehicle alone was injected for 14 days as a control (four eyes). Argon laser photocoagulation was then performed (eight spots at the posterior pole in each eye) to induce SRN. Fundus photographs and fluorescein angiograms were taken periodically to document the evolution of SRN. Light and electron microscopic examination was performed on two eyes of each group 8 weeks after photocoagulation. RESULTS: Subretinal neovascularization developed from 2 to 4 weeks after photocoagulation. The incidence of SRN, indicated by fluorescein leakage, was significantly lower (P < .05) in the group treated with indomethacin (14.3%, eight of 56 lesions) than in the control group (37.5%, 12 of 32 lesions). After 8 weeks, no fluorescein leakage was found in either the control or indomethacin-treated groups. Scar formation was found on histologic examination in both groups. No histologic evidence of indomethacin toxicity was seen in the adjacent retina. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal administration of indomethacin inhibits the formation of laser-induced SRN in monkey eyes. This is consistent with the participation of the CO pathway in the process of SRN formation and suggests that this pathway could be a potential target in the treatment of SRN.
Assuntos
Indometacina/administração & dosagem , Bombas de Infusão Implantáveis , Retina/efeitos dos fármacos , Neovascularização Retiniana/prevenção & controle , Animais , Permeabilidade Capilar/efeitos dos fármacos , Cateterismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Angiofluoresceinografia , Fundo de Olho , Indometacina/farmacologia , Terapia a Laser , Macaca fascicularis , Retina/cirurgia , Retina/ultraestrutura , Neovascularização Retiniana/etiologia , Neovascularização Retiniana/patologia , Corpo VítreoRESUMO
Contraction of intraocular fibrous membranes is an important feature in the pathogenesis of retinal detachment in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Collagen gel contraction is a useful in vitro model of membrane contraction in PVR. We studied the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in collagen gel contraction induced by bovine choroidal fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Collagen gels embedded with the cells were formed in culture dishes and gel contraction was evaluated. The PKC stimulator, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and the protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitor, okadaic acid (OA), were used to evaluate the role of the PKC-mediated phosphorylation system in this gel contraction. Fifteen min incubation with PMA stimulated gel contraction, but 180 min incubation had no effect. Choroidal fibroblast- but not RPE cell-induced gel contraction was stimulated by OA. These effects were inhibited by the broad spectrum protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine and the specific PKC antagonist calphostin C. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)1 and TGF-beta 2, which are known to be present in eyes with PVR, were evaluated to determine their effect on gel contraction. Both TGF-beta 1 and 2 had a stimulatory effect on contraction of gels seeded with choroidal fibroblasts and RPE cells, but staurosporine and calphostin C inhibited this TGF-beta-induced gel contraction. These results indicate that activation of PKC/protein phosphorylation is an important factor in gel contraction caused by choroidal fibroblasts and RPE cells, and that TGF-beta-induced gel contraction is mediated at least in part via the PKC pathway.
Assuntos
Corioide/fisiologia , Colágeno/fisiologia , Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/fisiologia , Proteína Quinase C/fisiologia , Animais , Bovinos , Células Cultivadas , Corioide/citologia , Colágeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Epitélio/fisiologia , Éteres Cíclicos/farmacologia , Géis , Ácido Okadáico , Fosforilação , Epitélio Pigmentado Ocular/citologia , Proteína Quinase C/antagonistas & inibidores , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/farmacologia , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/farmacologiaRESUMO
To repair multiple defects of the metacarpal bones in combination with skin defects, a combined scapular free flap on a single vascular pedicle--the subscapular artery and the accompanying veins--can be used successfully. This flap includes two distinct bone segments of the lateral border of the scapula and a scapular fascial flap. Because of its long and mobile vascular pedicle, such a transplant can be used for one-stage reconstruction of the first and other metacarpal bones of the long fingers of the hand. The scapular fascial flap included in the transplant provides good functional and aesthetic results in combined injury of the skin of the hand.
Assuntos
Traumatismos da Mão/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/métodos , Acidentes de Trabalho , Adulto , Transplante Ósseo , Traumatismos da Mão/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Radiografia , ReoperaçãoRESUMO
Osteochondromas are chondro-osseous protuberances that occur in metaphyses of long bones. The cartilaginous cap is assumed to be responsible for the growth of the lesions during childhood and adolescence, but mitotic figures are rarely seen in the cap. Therefore, another cell population, probably mesenchymal cells, is responsible for proliferation and growth. Residual mesenchymal cells capable of rapid proliferation are difficult to detect due to lack of specific histologic features. Two specific markers for mesenchymal cells, FGF receptor 3 (FGFR3) and collagen type IIa, have been described. Osteochondroma mesenchymal cells are found in the soft tissues overlying the cartilage cap. The surrounding areas of typical cartilage are negative for both mesenchymal cell associated antigens. The soft tissues overlying the cartilage do not have cartilaginous features. The undifferentiated cells overlying the exostosis yield in culture a rapidly proliferating homogenous population of fibroblast-like cells. Expression at the mRNA level of FGF9, FGFR3, and collagen type IIa is found in these cells, but not in skin fibroblasts from afflicted or healthy individuals. Exogenous administration of TGFbeta1 to cultures of hereditary multiple exostosis eliminates FGF9 expression. These results indicate fibrous regions contain the mesenchymal cells responsible for osteochondroma growth.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/etiologia , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/fisiologia , Osteocondroma/etiologia , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/fisiologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Fator 9 de Crescimento de Fibroblastos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Osteocondroma/genética , Osteocondroma/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , Receptor Tipo 3 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
It was found that "sound" electromagnetic radiations of extremely high frequencies (53.5-68 GHz) or millimeter waves (wavelength range of 4.2-5.6 mm) of low intensity (power density 0.01 mW) have a bactericidal effect on Escherichia coli bacteria. It was shown that exposure to irradiation of extremely high frequencies increases the electrokinetic potential and surface change density of bacteria and decreases of membrane potential. The total secretion of hydrogen ions was suppressed, the H+ flux from the cytoplasm to medium decreased, and the flux of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-sensitive potassium ions increased, which was accompanied by changes in the stoichiometry of these fluxes and an increase in the sensitivity of H+ ions to N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The effects depended on duration of exposure: as the time of exposure increased, the bactericidal effect increased, whereas the membranotropic effects decreased. The effects also depended on growth phase of bacteria: the irradiation affected the cells in the stationary but not in the logarithmic phase. It is assumed that the H(+)-ATPase complex F0F1 is involved in membranotropic effects of electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequencies. Presumably, there are some compensatory mechanisms that eliminate the membranotropic effects.
Assuntos
Escherichia coli/efeitos da radiação , Micro-Ondas , Cálcio/metabolismo , Dicicloexilcarbodi-Imida/farmacologia , Eletricidade , Escherichia coli/química , Escherichia coli/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Glucose/farmacologia , Transporte de Íons , Potenciais da Membrana , Pressão Osmótica , Potássio/metabolismo , Sacarose/farmacologiaRESUMO
Seventy eight patients with arterial hypertension were examined by echo-, radiocardiography and scintigraphy of the myocardium, using 99mTc pyrophosphate and 201Tl. A relationship was found between the development of hypertrophy of the left ventricle and the impairment of it perfusion and function. At the same time there was a correlation between the decrease in cardiac output and the deterioration of myocardial blood supply. It was demonstrated that 99mTc pyrophosphate or 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy yielded the coincident results when relative heart failure was evaluated in patients with arterial hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.