RESUMO
PURPOSE: This prospective study aimed to evaluate the use of acoustic rhinometry (AR) in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Children with clinically suspected OSA underwent AR measurements followed by attended overnight polysomnography. RESULTS: Of a total of 20 subjects (13 boys, seven girls), 15 (75%) had OSA, defined as apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than or equal to five events per hour of sleep, and five had primary snoring (PS). The mean AHI was 16.79 vs. 1.96 events/h. Positional changes in airway measurement by AR were present in the OSA group, with an average decrease in nasal cavity volume from upright to supine position of 1.53 cm(3) (p = 0.027). These changes were predictive of sleep apnea (r (2) = 0.65, p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a marked difference between OSA and PS groups during AR measurements of the nasopharynx. Positional airway changes had been previously reported in adults with OSA and further evaluation of the airway function in pediatric OSA is warranted.
Assuntos
Rinometria Acústica/instrumentação , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Polissonografia , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/fisiopatologiaAssuntos
Técnicas Cosméticas/efeitos adversos , Dermatoses Faciais/patologia , Reação a Corpo Estranho/patologia , Géis de Silicone/efeitos adversos , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dermatoses Faciais/induzido quimicamente , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Reação a Corpo Estranho/induzido quimicamente , Reação a Corpo Estranho/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Injeções Subcutâneas , Doenças Labiais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Labiais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Labiais/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Géis de Silicone/administração & dosagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Penetrating trauma to the face and upper zone III of the neck may present unique challenges when the parotid gland and associated neurovascular structures are involved. We report a case of massive hemorrhage from penetrating neck trauma that necessitated emergency parotidectomy for vascular exposure. Facial nerve repair was also necessary, underscoring the importance of this approach not only for successful vascular control but also for preservation of nearby vital structures. The management of penetrating trauma to the parotid region,and relevant anatomy, are discussed.