[COVID-19 in patients with Good syndrome: report of 4 cases and literature review].

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with Good's syndrome. Methods: We included all cases of COVID-19 in patients with Good's syndrome in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 1, 2023 to August 31, 2023. In addition to our cases, we searched the published literature in Wanfang database and PubMed database using the keywords "Good's syndrome" and "COVID-19". The clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of the patients were summarized and analyzed. Results: A total of four patients with Good's syndrome complicated by COVID-19 were identified in our hospital, all of them were male, and the days of hospitalization were 17, 23, 7, and 13 days, respectively. Databases were searched for a total of six patients with Good's syndrome complicated by COVID-19, including three females and three males, all foreign patients, with hospitalization days of 12, 22, 13, 25, 21, and 34 days respectively. All ten patients met the diagnostic criteria for severe or critical COVID-19, and three(all middle-aged males) of them died, two from sepsis and one from respiratory failure. They were. Conclusion: COVID-19 in patients with Good's syndrome are prone to develop severe or critical disease and are more likely to be infected with multiple pathogens. Timely immunoglobulin supplementation is the key to treatment.

Epigenetic mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Epigenetic modification may affect the expression of multiple inflammatory genes in lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Major epigenetic events include DNA methylation and various post-translational modifications of histones, such as histone methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation. Enzymes which regulate these epigenetic modifications can be activated by smoking. Both environmental and genetic factors play significant effect in development of COPD which have been reported by most references; however, little is known about the epigenetic pathways involved in the disease. Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms can help us clarify the pathogenesis of COPD and identify novel targets for developing new therapies for patients with COPD.