RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan cause of Chagas disease, causes life-long infection and is easily transmitted by blood transfusion. Our goals were to determine the prevalence of Chagas disease among donors in five Mexican blood banks, to look for evidence of transmission of T. cruzi by transfusion, and to evaluate two serologic assays for Chagas disease. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood samples from donors were tested initially with the Abbott Chagas EIA or the Meridian Chagas' IgG ELISA. Samples giving readings that were at least 50% of the cutoffs were run in a confirmatory radioimmune precipitation assay (RIPA), as were samples from recipients of blood products from RIPA-positive donors. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of Chagas disease was 1/133 (55/7,296; 0.75%). In addition, 4 of 9 surviving recipients of blood products from T. cruzi-infected donors were in turn infected. Using the manufacturers' recommended cutoffs, the sensitivity and specificity of the Abbott test were 92.0% (23/25) and 99.8% (2,865/2,872) respectively, and the corresponding values for the Meridian assay were 70.0% (21/30) and 100.0% (4,369/4,369). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate clearly that transfusion-associated transmission of T. cruzi is occurring in the study areas. Serologic testing of blood donors for Chagas disease should be performed there and in the rest of Mexico. The two screening assays evaluated may lack the accuracy necessary for blood donor testing when used as suggested by the manufacturers.
Assuntos
Transfusão de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença de Chagas , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Animais , Doença de Chagas/sangue , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Doença de Chagas/transmissão , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estados Unidos/etnologiaRESUMO
El acido retinoico y el interferón alfa tienen actividad limitada en el tratamiento de cáncer avanzado. La información obtenida de los cultivos celulares indican que, en combinación, estos agentes tienen incremento de la actividad biológica modulando el crecimiento y la diferenciación en un número de tipos celulares malignos. Trabajos clínicos recientes sobre el tratamiento de algunos carcinomas avanzados de células escamosas informan actividad terapéutica con este régimen. Este artículo revisa los datos preclínicos obtenidos al evaluar el ácido retinoico en combinación con interferones
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/fisiopatologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Técnicas de Cultura/estatística & dados numéricos , Diferenciação Celular , Técnicas In Vitro , Interferon Tipo I/análise , Interferons/análise , Interferons/farmacologia , Retinoides/análise , Retinoides/farmacologiaRESUMO
Se confirma la importante actividad terapéutica de 13.cRA y del IFNÓ-2a en el carcinoma de células escamosas del cervix sin tratamiento previo. Un resultado inesperado fue la toxicidad temprana de los agentes biológicos sobre la mucosa del colon cuando se combinan con radioterapia