openFrame: A modular, sustainable, open microscopy platform with single-shot, dual-axis optical autofocus module providing high precision and long range of operation.

'openFrame' is a modular, low-cost, open-hardware microscopy platform that can be configured or adapted to most light microscopy techniques and is easily upgradeable or expandable to multiple modalities. The ability to freely mix and interchange both open-source and proprietary hardware components or software enables low-cost, yet research-grade instruments to be assembled and maintained. It also enables rapid prototyping of advanced or novel microscope systems. For long-term time-lapse image data acquisition, slide-scanning or high content analysis, we have developed a novel optical autofocus incorporating orthogonal cylindrical optics to provide robust single-shot closed-loop focus lock, which we have demonstrated to accommodate defocus up to ±37 µm with <200 nm accuracy, and a two-step autofocus mode which we have shown can operate with defocus up to ±68 µm. We have used this to implement automated single molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) in a relatively low-cost openFrame-based instrument using multimode diode lasers for excitation and cooled CMOS cameras.

La semiótica y educación en valores / The semiotic and education in values

La transmisión de valores entre los adultos y los jóvenes se da a través de la mediación semiótica en la cual son esenciales los instrumentos de mediación (lenguaje, oral, gestos, señales, medios de comunicación) como bases de la educación en las primeras etapas del desarrollo de la formación integral del ser humano. Toda educación tiene un componente axiológico en el cual se transmiten los valores espirituales morales y cívicos, que son considerados necesarios para lograr una convivencia armónica, a través del desarrollo de las capacidades dialógica, de consenso y comunicación. Constantemente existen cambios, modos de vida en las diversas culturas donde ha de existir el respeto como valor fundamental en la interacción entre los ciudadanos. Hay valores que surgen a través del tiempo y otros que perduran; siendo ellos la esencia del ser social en la humanidad. De ahí la importancia de comprender lo esencial que es la transmisión de valores a los jóvenes

The values transmission among adults and young people is made through semiotic mediation in which the instruments are important, such as oral language, gestures, signs and types of communication. They are the basis of education in the first development stages of the human training. Every education has an axiological component in which spiritual, morals and civils values are passed on and they are considered necessities to achieve harmonious agreement, through the development of the dialogue, consent and communication abilities. Constantly there are changes, ways of live in diverse cultures where exists respect, as the basic value in the interaction between people. There are values that come up through time and there are others that last; they have being the essence of the social being in the humanity. Here the importance of understand the essential of values transmission to young people

A transmissão de valores entre pessoas adultas e jovens acontece pela mediação semiótica na qual são esenciais os instrumentos tais como a linguagem, oral e gestual, os sinais, os meios de comunica ção como base da educa ção nas primeiras etapas do desenvolvimento e da formación integral do ser humano. Toda educação tem um componente axiológico transmissor dos valores espirituais morais e cívicos, que são considerados necessários para atingir um convívio harmônico, pela del desarrollo de las capacidades dialógica, de consenso y comunicación. Constantemente acontecem mudanças, modos de vida nas diversas culturas onde tem de existir respeito como valor fundamental na interação entre os cidadãos. Existem valores que surgen através do tiempo e outros que permanecem e são a essênncia do ser social na humanidade. Daí a importância de compreender o quanto é esencial a transmissão de valores aos jovens

The p53MH algorithm and its application in detecting p53-responsive genes.

A computer algorithm, p53MH, was developed, which identifies putative p53 transcription factor DNA-binding sites on a genomewide scale with high power and versatility. With the sequences from the human and mouse genomes, putative p53 DNA-binding elements were identified in a scan of 2,583 human genes and 1,713 mouse orthologs based on the experimental data of el-Deiry et al. [el-Deiry, W. S., Kern, S. E., Pietenpol, J. A., Kinzler, K. W. & Vogelstein, B. (1992) Nat. Genet. 1, 45-49] and Funk et al. [Funk, W. D., Pak, D. T., Karas, R. H., Wright, W. E. & Shay, J. W. (1992) Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 2866-2871] (http://linkage.rockefeller.edu/p53). The p53 DNA-binding motif consists of a 10-bp palindrome and most commonly a second related palindrome linked by a spacer region. By scanning from the 5' to 3' end of each gene with an additional 10-kb nucleotide sequence appended at each end (most regulatory DNA elements characterized in the literature are in these regions), p53MH computes the binding likelihood for each site under a discrete discriminant model and then outputs ordered scores, corresponding site positions, sequences, and related information. About 300 genes receiving scores greater than a theoretical cut-off value were identified as potential p53 targets. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR experiments were performed in 2 cell lines on 16 genes that were previously unknown regarding their functional relationship to p53 and were found to have high scores in either proximal promoter or possible distal enhancer regions. Ten (approximately 63%) of these genes responded to the presence of p53.