S1 guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of ichthyoses - update.

Ichthyoses are a group of rare genetic skin disorders that pose numerous clinical challenges, in particular with respect to the correct diagnosis and appropriate management. The present update of the German ichthyosis guidelines addresses recent diagnostic advances that have resulted in the Sorèze consensus classification. In this context, we provide an updated diagnostic algorithm, taking into account clinical features as well as the molecular genetic basis of these disorders. Moreover, we highlight current therapeutic approaches such as psychosocial support, balneotherapy, mechanical scale removal, topical therapy, and systemic retinoid therapy. General aspects such as the indication for physical therapy, ergotherapy, or genetic counseling are also discussed. The present update was consented by an interdisciplinary consensus conference that included dermatologists, pediatricians, human geneticists, and natural scientists as well as representatives of the German patient support organization Selbsthilfe Ichthyose e. V.

Opportunistic yeast infections: candidiasis, cryptococcosis, trichosporonosis and geotrichosis.

Opportunistic yeast infections are diseases caused by fungi which normally are saprophytic and do not cause disease in humans or animals. The prevalence of these diseases has been increasing due to immunosuppressive, corticosteroid, and long-term antibiotic treatment following organ transplantation or after serious metabolic, hematological, or immunological diseases. We review epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of the four "big" opportunistic yeast infections: candidiasis, cryptococcosis, trichosporonosis, and geotrichosis.

Opportunistic filamentous mycoses: aspergillosis, mucormycosis, phaeohyphomycosis and hyalohyphomycosis.

Opportunistic filamentous mycoses are widely distributed all over the world. They are rarely observed in Europe but are common in developing countries. The most common are the aspergilloses (due to Aspergillus spp.) mostly in neutropenia and immunosuppression; the mucormycoses characterized by rapid progression in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis; the phaeohyphomycoses due to pigmented fungi causing either a mild superficial or a very serious deep disease and the hyalohyphomycoses due to hyaline filamentous fungi (Fusarium spp., Pseudallescheria spp., Scopulariopsis spp.). Cutaneous manifestations are usually secondary to dissemination from pulmonary or visceral disease; primary cases are less frequent and due to direct inoculation into the skin. We review epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic data on the four most important opportunistic filamentous mycoses: aspergillosis, mucormycosis, phaeohyphomycosis and hyalohyphomycosis.

Endemic systemic mycoses: coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis and blastomycosis.

Endemic deep or systemic mycoses are common in specific geographical areas of the world. Coccidioidomycosis is present in semi-desert areas, histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis in tropical regions and blastomycosis belongs to temperate climates. The two former are widely distributed in the American continent and some tropical regions of the world; the third is limited to Central and South America, and the last to North America and Central and East Africa. These mycoses all have a similar pathogenesis, as the inoculum enters the host through the respiratory tract. Cutaneous manifestations are secondary to lymphatic and hematogenous dissemination. These deep mycoses are exceptional in Europe. Most cases are observed in returning travelers from endemic areas, aid workers, archaeologists, speleologist and immigrants. However, there have been some autochthonous cases of histoplasmosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum reported in European countries such as Italy and Germany. In this article, we provide up-to-date epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic data on the four most important imported systemic mycoses in Europe.

Subcutaneous mycoses: chromoblastomycosis, sporotrichosis and mycetoma.

Subcutaneous mycoses are common in subtropical and tropical regions of the world. They are rarely observed in Europe. These mycoses are heterogeneous, but all are caused by penetrating trauma of the skin. Most cases in Europe are observed in returning travelers, aid workers, archaeologists and immigrants. Therefore, a careful, thorough history is essential in order to reach a proper diagnosis. We provide up-to-date epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic data on the three most important imported subcutaneous mycoses in Europe: chromoblastomycosis, sporotrichosis and mycetoma.

Linfangioma circunscrito superficial: Presentación de un caso / Superficial circumscript lymphangioma: Presentation of a case

Paciente masculino, quien presenta un linfangioma ciscunscrito superficial con buen resultado a la crioterapia

Micosis fungoides de Alibert-Bazin (clásica). Comunicación de un caso / Micosis fundoides of Alibert-Bazin (classic). Report of one case

Paciente masculino con micosis fungoides clásica, con los tres estadios evolutivos simultáneamente, que reaccionó en forma satisfactoria a la radioterapia local y quimioterapia combinadas